qURN AL/ 
^Try'hO^S 
Published Weekly by The Rural Publishing Co., 
.’w'J \v. Moth St,. New York. Price One Dtwlar a Year. 
EntercTi’ ■* 
Olhce at New 
June 20, 187!), at the Post 
■^^\et of March M, 1870. 
Nova Scotia Fruit Men “Get up and Dust” 
S UPERSEDING 8PRAYS.—While most of tlie 
specialists on insecticides and fungicides have 
lei it lie known that practically everything inis been 
accomplished in the control of insect and fungus 
pests that could Ik* desired through the present gen- 
erall.v used sprays, a live wire chemist and ento¬ 
mologist of the Canadian Department of Agriculture 
lias been doing some original research work in Nova 
Scotia, George E. Sanders, although a young mon. 
has so gained the confidence and respect of the fruit 
growers of Nova Scotia that 1921 will see dusting 
was used, but the injury was cumulative, carrying 
ever for one or more years. 
MQl II) BORDEAUX.—Mr. Sanders, in advocat¬ 
ing the dust calendar for 1921. prefaced his remarks 
by stating that it was his belief, had Prof. Millardet 
of Bordeaux. France, who developed the Bordeaux 
spray, had hydrated lime to work with, we would 
never have known liquid Bordeaux, but would have 
had from the start a mixture of dehydrated copper 
sulphate and hydrated lime, or tin* dust we are now 
using so extensively. Up to this time insecticides 
efficiency of dusting as compared with spraying, Mr. 
Sanders brings out the following highly interesting 
facts in tavor of dusting, tin* logic of which has won 
the Annapolis Valley fruit growers in a body over 
to the dusting program. 
THE LIMITING FACTOR.— \Ve are developing 
from a community of small growers to one of 
medium-sized growers, and the question of the 
economical unit of orchard is one frequently brought 
up. If is generally conceded that two men and a 
team can prune, cultivate and fertilize more than 23 
machines used almost to the exclusion of the spray¬ 
ing outfits of former years. 
LIME-St LPI1UR.—This as a spray was discarded 
in Nova Scotia some few years ago. it being found 
that under the climatic conditions here foliage was 
injured, apples did not sot. and what did mature 
were small and undersized. Mr. Sanders, in a recent 
address delivered before the Nova Scotia fruit grow¬ 
ers. stated his investigations showed that not only 
was the crop affected for the year in which the spray 
and fungicides had been used in powdered form, and 
Prof. Millardet, alive to tin* advantages of dusting, 
made many attempts to make a copper fungicide in 
powder form before recommending liquid Bordeaux. 
1TIREE YEARS’ TEST.—The dust calendar for 
1921. as put out by Mr. Sanders, is the first one that 
has ever been published, and is based on the highly 
satisfactory results of three years’ testing, one year 
at the experimental grounds and two years under 
commercial conditions. Having demonstrated the 
acres of orchard, but they could not with one spray 
rig do full justice in spraying to more than 23. acres. 
’The limiting factor of an economical unit is there¬ 
fore the spray rig. A dusting rig can easily take 
care of (10 acres in one season, and if dusting is equal 
in pest control to spraying the change to dusting 
would have the effect of increasing tin* commercial 
unit of apple orchard and probably make cultivation 
the limiting factor in determining the maximum area 
that one team, two men and equipment can care for, 
