c Ihe RURAL NEW-YORKER 
491 
feeding or care, lias no (if stable for them, and they 
keep him in the treadmill twice a day the year 
around, and three times a day through the Winter. 
On account of his little dairy lie has no holidays, 
vacation or Sundays. Dairying is everyday business, 
lie sells his milk as an individual for what the 
dealer offers, or he makes some butter that drives 
more people to the use of oleo. He is making a 
slave of himself without profit, and he and a few 
thousand like him are producing enough to take all 
of the profit out of the business for the regular 
da irymen. 
And so on down the list. Just as foolish as it 
would be fora furniture manufacturer to try to make 
a few shoes and a little cloth and some breakfast food 
in his factory. Why not every farmer mind his own 
business? Decide on what you and your farm are 
Working Up Wood in the Good (?) Old-fashioned Wag. Fig. 203. 
Running Buzz Saw with Auto Power 
I T is generally conceded that the 
farmer works too hard and receives 
too little. Who's fault is it? What is 
tin* cause? I think you hit the nail on 
tin* head in your editorial on page 240, 
when you say “Let us not. attempt too 
much." in my opinion the extra crop 
or side line is responsible for much of 
the extra work and small pay. For 
instance, the dairyman raises a few 
potatoes. He has no first-class potato 
ground, perhaps, but he takes an acre 
or two of his best ground and manures 
it heavily with his best manure, lie 
has no planter, and when he ought, to 
be getting in his silage corn he and all 
the family spend a week or more put¬ 
ting in those potatoes. He has no 
sprayer except a hand squirt gun. Just 
as he gets busy haying the bugs get 
busy on the potatoes. The woman or 
one of the children sprays some of them. 
The man goes out some night after 
milking (after putting in 14 hours 
already) and sprays as long as he 
can see the rows. Tie goes over the 
rest of them Sunday, lie does not 
spray for blight at all. When it is 
time to dig he is busy thrashing and 
silo filling. By the time he gets to it 
the ground is muddy and the tubers 
nicely bored by the wireworms. Tie 
digs them by hand in the cold and mud, 
and lugs them down into the house 
cellar. lie sells in small lots, poorly 
graded, and the dealer skins him. of 
course. He gets some cash, to be sure, 
but no profit. The crop has been a 
nuisance and a worry from start to 
finish, and he and a few thousand like 
him have raised enough to take all the 
profit out of the business for the regu¬ 
lar potato men. 
The potato man has an orchard of 
HO or 150 trees. Tie never gets time to 
trim them. When it is time to spray 
lit* is busy with his potatoes, and they 
do not get sprayed. When it is time 
to pick he is busy digging and storing 
bis potatoes. About the last of Octo¬ 
ber, with half of the apples already on 
thi' ground, he shakes off the remain¬ 
der. All hands scoop the best of them 
into crates and he hauls them to the 
station and sells them to someone who 
is shipping a loose car for about enough 
to pay for the hauling. He has lost 
money on that part, of ids farm, and 
he and several thousand like him have 
put enough poor, cheap apples on the 
market to take all of the profit out of 
tin* business for the regular apple man. 
The apple man keeps a few dairy 
cows. He does not know much about 
best fitted for. and then put all of your capital and 
thought and energy into producing that one thing 
to the best advantage, and of the very highest, final 
ity. and sell it through the co-operative association 
handling that line. Couldn't, we all save a lot - of 
work and worry, and all be much better off finau- 
ei a 11 y ? r. l. spk n c eh. 
New York. 
F ills maintained throughout the 
night, at the west and north of the 
strawberry patch, might prove more or 
less helpful, especially if considerable 
slightly moist material, such as old 
straw, corn stover, hay or swamp-grass 
be used on the burning heaps, to pro¬ 
duce a heavy smoke or “smudge." and 
'l there he a breeze blowing gently from 
the west or north toward tin* area occu¬ 
pied by the strawberries. Should the 
atmosphere be so quiet that the smoke 
and heat would rise perpendicularly, 
the fires likely would not be of much 
use. It obviously is quite an under¬ 
taking to attempt to warm up tin* great 
out-of-doors, but, under favorable con¬ 
ditions. such as have been indicated, 
and with plentiful material for fires, 
small areas sometimes may be protect¬ 
ed from f cost. 
2. For information concerning in¬ 
spection of plants, address the Ohio 
State Board of Agriculture, Columbus, 
O. The bureau of plant industry, a 
sub-division of the State board, fur¬ 
nishes inspectors for nurseries and or- 
cha rds. 
•2. The described injuries to raspber¬ 
ry canes are inflicted by the* snowy tree- 
cricket. The only practical remedy 
seems to be to cut out and burn the 
punctured canes very early in Spring. 
We never have had raspberry canes in¬ 
jured by rabbits, although unprotected 
fruit trees are by no means safe from 
their mischievous work. Raspberry 
canes are bent downward and covered 
with soil in those sections where the 
climate is so severe that the plants 
not thus protected are subject to Win¬ 
ter injury by cold. While the first- 
year canes of blackcap raspberries 
readily may be bent down and covered 
with soil, the larger, taller, stiffer 
canes ot subsequent seasons would bo 
much more difficult to handle in that 
way. Moreover, practically all of our 
better known varieties of raspberries, 
both red and black, are sufficiently 
hardy in canes that Winter protection 
is not necessary in Ohio. 
4. For peach trees 1 should prefer 
the northern slope of ground. Such an 
exposure, especially among our steeper, 
more rugged hills of Central and South¬ 
ern Ohio, affords more shaded, cooler 
coin!Lions of soil and air. which meas¬ 
urably tend to retard the swelling and 
Harnessing the Auto to the Woodpile. Fig. 201. 
Get Hug Square with the Coal Trust. Fig. 202. 
1 AM inclosing some pictures of our buzz rig. also 
of a pile of pole wood which we sawed in about 
1)4 days with three men working. There are about 
21) cords in pile. As you will note by the picture, wo 
use the car for power, jacking up both hind wheels 
and belting from there, over the tires, fully blown 
up. with T in. belt to a line shaft 0 ft. long, iy 4 in. 
through, built on a frame, made as light as possible 
to be easily moved. Calculations should also be 
made for staking this to the ground. The two out¬ 
side pulleys on line shaft are 20 in. in diameter, and 
set 5(> in. from center to center, while the large 
pulley used for driving saw is 20 in. A 6-in. belt. 
2‘> ft. long and uncrossed, is used to drive saw. Pul- 
lev on saw arbor is X in. in diameter. 
Thus by using both wheels we save the wear on 
differential and get more power, and it 
only takes three or four notches of 
gasoline on common poles, larger ones 
a little more. We have a 2X-in. saw, 
and it does not bother us any to cut to 
the full capacity of same, no balance 
wheel being used. The same rig has 
been used to run an eight-horse sepa¬ 
rator, but to do good business it should 
have a governor on engine. We run 
feed grinder, cider mill, etc.; it will do 
any such work as that as well as any 
power. s. m. s. 
Pennsylvania. 
Every Farmer to His Own Job 
Frost Protection; Develop Local Trade 
1. Wo bought a 20-acre farm a year ago last Fall, and 
moved on if, taking with us 10 fruit trees of two years’ 
growth. They all grew but one peach tree, which, was 
washed out by Spring freshets. We set out B.oOO 
strawberries (1.500 Kellogg's Premier. 1,000 Farsou’s 
Beauty and 1.000 Big Joe). They made a .xjxl'cnjdid 
growth. I dusted them twice with Bordeaux aiul took 
excellent care of them. I never saw a finer bed of ber¬ 
ries, but they are situated on low ground and I am 
afraid of late frosts. Do you think large 
bonfires along the north and west would 
help save the crop if we were careful to 
keep the fires going all night? 2. I 
should like to have the pateli inspected 
this Spring, as L would like to sell plants. 
How shall I go about, it to get the in¬ 
spector here? 
•>. i also set out a thousand raspberries 
last Spring. They made a good growth, 
although some of them were ruined by an 
insect that laid its eggs in the stalks. 
When the eggs hatched into tiny worms 
the stalk would break. Is there any 
remedy? Babbits injure trees and plants 
here, so T wrapped all my red raspberries 
in newspaper and bent the black canes 
down and covered them with earth. 
Should I have done that? 4. We have 
TOO peach trees and as many grapevine's 
ordered for Spring planting. I can sot 
them on either a southern, a southeastern 
or a northern slope. Which would you 
advise? 5. We are thinking of naming 
our farm, although it is small (20 acres), 
and labeling everything that goes off the 
place. Would that, be advisable for a 
small place? Wo expect to cater to local 
trade, which is very good. 
Ohio. MRS. OSCAR UTri'WKK. 
