The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
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A Primer of Economics 
By John J. Dillon 
Part XVII 
timkens MEAN - MORE BETTER FARMING - by power 
Under this policy the season's average 
price will be fair. Leave the monopoly 
of food to the speculators and the trusts; 
neither monopoly nor speculation harmon- 
izew with co-operation, and, as a matter of 
fact, neither can succeed when co-opera¬ 
tion operates efficiently. There is no 
monopoly or speculation in cranberries or 
California oranges, or in bananas or Dan¬ 
ish butter. Dealers monopolize a market 
only when co-operation does not function. 
The business of co-operation is to get 
farm food products from the producer's 
hands to the consumer’s door in reg¬ 
ular supply by the shortest route and at 
the least possible cost. In this way it 
increases consumption and encourages 
production by natural and legitimate 
means. This is not a monopoly or a spec¬ 
ulation or a business for profit. It is a 
service to producers who make their legit¬ 
imate profit on production. If is the le¬ 
gitimate function of co-operation. 
Terminal markets are essential to an 
economic distribution of food in the city 
of New York. The city is surrounded 
and intersected by waterways for the 
cheapest possible form of transportation 
by boats. It is long and narrow, and 
traversed by a network of electric rail¬ 
roads which are idle during several hours 
of the night. Its steam rails penetrate 
to the heart, of the city, but. its food is 
largely dumped on the extreme narrow 
end of the city, and carted by trucks in 
the most expensive form of transportation 
in the world, through narrow and con¬ 
gested streets, to the utmost corners of 
the city. The waste in cartage alone 
would pay for the terminals twice a year. 
r I he waste in the loss of products that 
come in soft, or are delayed in unloading, 
and that cannot stand cartage because of 
excessive beat or cold, would probably pay 
for 'the markets in a year. The saving in 
speculators’ profits would build and ecpiip 
and maintain markets in glass and marble 
and gold. Hut the real estate owners 
where the markets are now located are 
organized, the dealers are organized, the 
truckmen are organized. All of them put 
up money when it can be used to advan¬ 
tage, and proceed later on to get it back 
by a little heavier toll on the produce that 
passes through their hands. The State 
is committed to terminal markets. So is 
the city. Governor Miller recognized the 
need of them; but the chairman of the 
finance committee of the joint organiza¬ 
tion of land owners, dealers, truckmen 
and the middleman system generally sees 
the chairman of the invisible government, 
the word is passed along to the inner cir¬ 
cle at Albany, and City Hall. New York, 
and the old system remains as it is. Ter¬ 
minal markets should be located where 
cars from all the railroads leading to the 
city could run cars into the market and 
discharge their products directly into 
sales rooms or storage rooms as required, 
and also where food from boats could be 
discharged by automatic machinery into 
the market. The market should have 
ample dry storage and cold storage ware- 
rooms, and every modern convenience for 
loading and unloading produce, and for 
the preservation of it. The trolley lines 
should be used during the early morning 
hours, before passenger traffic begins, to 
distribute milk and other gross products 
throughout the city. It would, of course, 
be possible to have a terminal market 
system without making any material im¬ 
provement in the cost of distribution. It 
could easily be organized so that the 
dealers and trust would reap all the 
benefits resulting. The system should 
benefit all the people of the State, pro¬ 
ducers as well as consumers. This makes 
a State job of it. It should be under 
State centred and supervision by the 
State Commissioner of Markets. This is 
why we have so persistently insisted that 
the department of markets should be kept 
as a distinct department entirely sepa¬ 
rated from the agricultural department 
and that the commissioner be elected by 
vote at a general election. No deputy 
commissioner in the agricultural depart¬ 
ment would ever be able to handle the 
job and keep it out of the hands of the 
speculators and trusts. The French mar- 
Continued on page 107) 
Fifty Seven 
Million Proofs 
That the Principle Is Rig'Ht 
Since that day more than twenty years ago when 
a Timken Tapered Roller Bearing was lirst in¬ 
stalled in a motor vehicle, the principle of Timken 
Taper has remained unchanged. 
Yet during those years, American and European 
manufacturers have used more than fifty-seven 
million Timkens. And, as far as we know, not 
one of those fifty-seven million Timken Tapered 
Roller Bearings •'has ever been replaced by any 
other bearing. 
Fifty Seven million Timken Bearings! Twenty 
years of service! Not a single Timken that we 
know of replaced by any other make! Hardly 
a tractor, truck, or automobile in America today 
that does not boast of its Timkens! 
Could one ask for more convincing evidence 
of the correctness of the principle, design, 
and construction of Timken Tapered Roller 
Bearings ? 
Because of their superior ability to carry all 
loads no matter from what angle they are applied— 
because they carry those loads with negligible 
friction loss — 
and because, when the inevitable wear that must 
follow motion does come, a simple adjustment or 
take-up easily and quickly made, makes them 
function as il they were new, Timken Tapered 
Roller Bearings increase efficiency and reduce 
upkeep whenever and wherever they are used. 
Thus do they play their vital part in the develop¬ 
ment of More and Better Farming by Power. 
The Timken Roller Bearing Co, Canton, Ohio 
Timken Tapered Roller Bearings for Tractors, Farm Implements, Trucks 
Fassenger Cars, Machinery, Trailers, and Industrial Appliances 
Send for free booklet on “More and Better Farming By Power” 
Tapered 
ROLLER BEARINGS 
The THRESHING PROBLEM 
l/’Efh Threshes cowpeaa and soybeans 
jUL * IiU from the mown viues, wheat, 
outs, rye and barley. A perfect 
combination machine. Nothing like it. “The 
machine I have been looking for for 20 
years,” W. F. Massey. “It will meet every 
demand.” H. A. Morgan, Director Term. Exp. 
Station. Booklet 30 free. 
Roger Pea St BeanThresher Co..Morristown,Teim. 
If Your Dealer does noC handle 
I'ffigNS 
Write LeRoy Plow Co., LeRoy, N.Y. 
The FREDERICK COUNTY Combination LIME and 
FERTILIZER SPREADER 
QUALITY 
Write for free 
Literature 
LATEST OUT 
■‘Log and Tree 
"NJOWyoiTcanget the latest WITTE Aria 
Swing, Lever Controlled, Force Feed 
Log Saw for sawing up logs any size, 
Moves like a wheelbarrow—goes any¬ 
where—saws up-hill, down-hill or on level 
Cuts much faster than former rigs. Oper- 
ated by a hig h power, frost-proof 
WITTE 4-Cycle Engine 
Costs only 25 to50 cents a day to oper¬ 
ate. Double the powerneeded for saw 
ing logs or trees. Perfectly balanced 
Ct ’ '* * * 
rig. Can be used for belt work 
New WITTE Tree Saw 
At low cost additional yon can 
now got the new WITTE Tree 
Saw Equipment — changes Log 
Saw to Tree Saw. Saws dowa 
trees any size. 
Send for 
Complete Log Saw 
V. O. It. Kansas City, Mo. 
From Fittsburyh,Fa., addiO-dO 
Don’t buy any Log Saw, Tree 
Saw or Buzz Saw Outfit until 
you have seen the new WITTE. 
Lowest priced Guaranteed rig on 
the market. Cuts much faster than for¬ 
mer rigs. Ontestswocut2-ft.log in 90 
seconds. Tree saw cuts ’em close to the 
ground. Goes anywhere. We are making 
a special advertising price NOW—So write 
at once for complete description of this 
wonderful outfit FREE. BRANCH BUZZ SAW $23.50. 
Engine Works 
1895 Oakland Ave., Kansas City. Mo. 
1895 Empire Bldg.* Fits burgh. Pa. 
AND 
SERVICE 
COMBINER 
Exclusive Patented Features place the Frederick 
County Combination Lime & Fertilizer Spreader 
rmlf H ahead of others. Kent! why. Spreads evenly 
at all times and under ail conditions. Spider-force-feed with chain 
agitators insure perfect spreading of any kind of lime, ground lime 
stone and commercial fertilizer. It simply cunnot choke. DontfOl 
ijuuntity from sent. Throw in and out. of geur from seat. Built, low- 
down so wind doesn’t blow lime over driver. Equipped with acre 
measure, und indicator so you can spread quantity you desire to 
spread at all tunes. Screen and lid keep out foreign matter and 
rain. Neck-yoke, double und single-trees furnished. Designed 
and built of materials that make us safe on our absolute f* y 
guarantee. Write for free literature and low pi 
quality spreader made. 
WOOOSBORO LIME SPREADER COMPANY. Uepl. 0.48, Wooilsboro. Md 
M * 
Head' about Pyrox, the combined poison and 
fungicide, in the April 9th issue of this paper. 
When you write advertisers mention 
The Rural New-Yorker and you’ll tret 
a quick reply and a “square deal. ” See 
guarantee editorial page. 
