572 
Iht RURAL NEW-YORKER 
April 9, 1921 
SHELDON 
MIXED CONCRETE 
FOR 
BETTER BUILDINGS 
To Readers of This Magazine 
Our New 176 -Page Book on 
Farm Concreting 
Rcr*rL mice. 
*1*2 
Read This Advertisement Through 
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Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Twin Calves 
I have a very fine Jersey cow that 
recently had twin heifer calves. The sire 
is a register'd Holstein, and as the cow is 
practically the best I have in my herd 1 
would like to raise a calf from her, but 
up to now have never got a single heifer 
calf from her. There is a theory among 
farmers here that twin calves raised can 
never be brought to freshen. F. j. s. 
New Jersey. 
By all means raise the twin heifer 
calves. If they are well grown and de¬ 
veloped they will mate quite as regularly 
as though they appeared one at a time. 
It is common knowledge that a heifer 
calf born a twin to a bull calf is an ir¬ 
regular breeder, and animals of this mat¬ 
ing should not be maintained for breeding 
purposes. The male breeds regularly, but 
the female is abnormal. A heifer of this 
mating is called a freemartin heifer. It 
often happens that twin calves are 
smaller and oftentimes do not grow with 
such vigor and vitality as do single drops. 
If the calves in question come along well 
and you are able to obtain a satisfactory 
growth there is little doubt that they will 
produce and reproduce regularly. 
Feeding Dry Cow 
I have but one cow, freshening in late 
Summer. I have been feeding cut corn¬ 
stalks and gluten feed (about four quarts 
gluten) twice a day. and mixed hay once 
a day ; mangels and a few turnips twice 
a day. The roots are about gone. I 
must buy all feed except cornstalks and 
bav. c. s. 
New York. 
A very satisfactory ration for a dry 
cow would result from mixing the follow¬ 
ing : HO lbs. cornmeal, 30 lbs. ground 
oats. 25 lbs. wheat bran. 15 lbs. oilmeal 
or gluten meal, 2 lbs. salt. Feed from 
5 to 8 lbs. of this mixture per day, and 
in addition give the cow all of the hay or 
cornstalks that she will consume with 
relish. 
If it is necessary to buy the hay that 
you feed, select either clover or Alfalfa, 
for roughages of this character are of 
great advantage to a breeding animal. 
Make it a point to have this cow put on 
considerable flesh during her dry period, 
for under such conditions she will he able 
to yield more milk when she freshens. 
The old theory that a cow does not re¬ 
quire anything but roughage during her 
dry period Has long since been abandoned 
by practical and successful dairymen. 
There would be an advantage in feeding 
! mangels and turnips as long as they last, 
but a dry cow does not of necessity re¬ 
quire succulent feed. 
Improving Ration 
I have a large herd of Holsteins which 
I am feeding silage _ and second grade 
Alfalfa (about one-third quack hay) for 
roughage, and am giving a grain ration 
of oats (ground) and oilmeal, about one 
of oilmeal to five of ground oats. My 
heifers seem to do well on it. but the 
larger and heavier producers do not. It 
seems that when I increase their grain 
they decrease in production, and 3 lbs. of 
grain per day has been as much as I 
could feed them and they not drop^ in 
production. They are giving from 25 to 
45 lbs. of milk per day. which you note 
is less than 1 to 10. Is this ration in¬ 
sufficient for them? IT. L. B. 
New York. 
The ration that you are feeding, con¬ 
sisting of silage and a poor grade of 
Alfalfa hay, supplemented with a grain 
mixture of five parts of oats and one of 
oilmeal. is not at all suited for maximum 
production. As your experience prompts, 
it might serve very well for feeding grow¬ 
ing animals, but it would not give satis¬ 
factory results with milk cows. It lacks 
variety, and a mixture consisting of oats 
and oilmeal alone would not be palatable 
and could not be fed in sufficient quantity 
with safety to enable the cows to yield 
average amounts of milk. My suggestion 
would he that, since you have oats that 
evidently have been produced ou the farm 
arid oilmeal that you have purchased, it 
would be to your advantage to purchase 
some one of the higher grades of com¬ 
pounded feed, say some mixture yielding 
from 18 to 24 per cent of protein,- and add 
your oats and oilmeal to this ready-mixed 
ration. This would insure variety and 
enable you to make the best use of the 
products you have ou hand. However, 
if you prefer to use a shovel mixture the 
following combination would have many 
advantages over the feed now being used : 
400 lbs. ground oats. 300 lbs. hominy or 
cornmeal, 250 lbs. cottonseed meal. 150 
lbs. oilmeal, 100 lbs. gluten, 200 ibs. bran 
or middlings, 20 lbs. salt. Feed 1 lb. of 
this ration for each 3% lbs. of milk pro¬ 
duced per cow per day. and in addition 
give them all of the silage that they will 
clean up twice daily. Feed the Alfalfa 
and quack hay in the middle of the day, 
and if they are out in the yard and you 
have some corn fodder available let them 
nibble at this roughage at their leisure. 
Feeding Ewes Before Lambing 
Will you tell me what to feed sheep be¬ 
fore and after lambing time? it. e. rt. 
New York. 
Assuming that you have some mixed 
hay, clover and Timothy, or. better yet, 
some Alfalfa, and possibly some corn¬ 
stalks as roughage, 1 would use a mix¬ 
ture consisting of seven parts of oats, 
four parts of bran, two parts of corn and 
one of oilmeal. Feed the ewes from M if* 
1/2 lb. of grain per day. and let them have 
all of the roughage that they will con¬ 
sume. This ration would be quite as sat¬ 
isfactory to use previous to lambing as 
during the nursing period. Be sure that 
they are provided with an abundance of 
bedding and dry quarters, for these two 
precautions are much more essential than 
warm quarters. Keep the lambing ewes 
free from drafts, and make provisions so 
that they can take regular exercise. Tim¬ 
othy hay can be used freely, although 
mixed hay is more to be desired. 
Feeding Pigs for Growth 
Will you give me the very best ration 
for growing pigs for show purposes? 
Please give it regardless of price or what 
it is. only what will make them stretch 
and look like cattle. h. p. 
Knowlesville, N. Y. 
There is no such a thing as a very best 
ration for growing pigs for show pur¬ 
poses. It is doubtful if any two herds¬ 
men feed their hogs exactly alike—“The 
eye of the master fattens his animals.” 
Since you do not state the age or weight 
of these youngsters, nor indicate the par¬ 
ticular season that you desire them to 
he in the best bloom, it is not an easy mat¬ 
ter to answer your question concretely. 
Generally speaking. I should use as a 
growing ration a mixture consisting of 
corn, oats, middlings and tankage mixed 
in the proportion of 4-6-3-1. I should 
keep before the youngsters at all times 
either some green forage-in season, or the 
leaves of Alfalfa or clover hay. Fur¬ 
thermore, I should use just as much skim- 
milk as was possible during their early 
growing period. In fact, a combination 
of 5 lbs. of milk for each pound of grain 
feed makes an ideal combination. 
I should keep the pigs growing and 
gaining in weight from the very outset, 
but should avoid the use of strictly fat¬ 
tening feeds until it was desired to make 
the greater gains and establish the de¬ 
sired finish. There is nothing that I 
know of that will equal skim-milk and 
digestible tankage as a source of protein, 
designed to supplement grain products 
that will produce more stretch and growth 
among young pigs. The substitution of 
cooked barley for a portion of the corn 
during the finishing period is frequently 
recommended ; hence, you will see that it 
is important to use a variety of feeding 
stuffs, that green forage together with a 
suitable amount of leaves from legume 
plants are essential; that your ration at 
the outset must be well suited for growth 
and development, and that the flesh must 
be put on toward the end of the season 
rapidly, if your animals are to evidence 
the degree of finish desired. Further¬ 
more. I should keep before the animals at 
all times a suitable combination of bone 
meal, rock phosphate salt, sulphur and 
charcoal to correct any deficiencies in 
mineral matter. 
