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ESTABLISHED 1836 
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Farmers Fund, Inc. 
M. W. Cole, President 
Lincoln-Alliance Bank Bldg., Rochester, N. Y. 
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THE MAILBAG 
Plowing Under Rye for Potato Crop 
In regard to potato scab in soil, page 
435. while it is too late this year, will 
say I have never known a crop of green 
rye plowed under failed to clean the land 
of potato scab. Sow rye after this po¬ 
tato crop is off and plow under next 
Spring. a. ii. A. 
Tillson. N. Y. 
We have had many reports on the ef¬ 
fect of plowing under a green crop. The 
germs of the scab disease do not develop 
rapidly in an acid soil. Thus lime en¬ 
courages their growth, while sulphur has 
the opposite effect. When rye or other 
green crops are plowed under and the soil 
1 left open an acid condition is developed, 
| and the scab germs are slow to grow. 
I We do not think this green manuring 
j ‘‘cleans up the ground” entirely, but it 
does help by stopping the spread of the 
scab germs. 
Grape and Currant Cuttings; Pruning 
Grapes 
1 . Would it be possible to make grape 
and currant cuttings live if taken now, or 
a month or two later? Would you cut 
back grapevines planted in the Spring, 
early? o. t. l. 
Oakham. Mass. 
In commercial practice the currant and 
grape cuttings are taken in the Fall, usu¬ 
ally in September, and may be set in the 
nursery row at once, or packed away in a 
cool cellar until Spring. Cuttings of cur¬ 
rants can be taken just before growth 
starts in the Spring, and set in the nur¬ 
sery row with all but two buds below the 
surface. During mild Winters, such as 
the present one, grape cuttings should be 
taken at the time they are pruned ; that is. 
in February. If one leaves three buds 
two should be set below the surface. A 
fair proportion of the cuttings taken in 
the Spring will live, but we have not had 
as good success as when they were taken 
in the Fall. However, enough to pay for 
the trouble could easily be secured. 
The ideal time to prune grapes in the 
North is in January and February. Some 
growers with large vineyards start as 
early as in the latter part of November. 
Pruning in the Spring causes the vines to 
bleed, but this is not necessarily injuri¬ 
ous. T. H. T. 
Treatment of Gloxinia 
Will you tell me how to plant Gloxinia 
bulbs? I have had no experience with 
them. MBS. H. E. M. 
Medusa. N. Y. 
Gloxinias are natives of tropical Amer¬ 
ica. and require a warm temperature in 
the growing season. They are naturally 
Summer flowering plants, and usually the 
tubers begin to show signs of growth 
about the middle of February; they mav 
be- potted from that time on through 
March, which, when a number of plants 
are grown, will give a succession of bloom. 
The soil used is a finely sifted mixture 
of peat, leaf mold and silver sand, in 
about equal proportions. The tubers 
should have the old soil shaken off. and be 
potted in clean, well-drained pots. The 
pots should be just large enough for the 
tubers, and very little water should be 
given until growth starts. As soon a* 
the pots are filled with roots it is well 
to move into a larger pot. in greenhouse 
practice, but in the window garden the 
plant is often left without shifting. Do 
not water over the foliage; the soft tex¬ 
ture of the leaf predisposes it to rot. if 
damp lies upon it. especially in the win¬ 
dow garden. After flowering, water is 
gradually withheld until the foliage 
ripens off, and the tubers are stored in 
pots, being occasionally given a little 
moisture to avoid shriveling. They need 
a temperature of about 45 degrees in 
storage. 
Improving Run-down Land 
I have two acres of run-down land 
which I would like to improve this Sum¬ 
mer so it will be in good shape to raise 
a crop of potatoes in 1922. It is a gravel 
soil known as river flats. Which would 
bo the better, to sow a crop of buckwheat 
in the Spring, applying lime, and when 
the buckwheat is in bloom plow it under 
and sow a crop of rye. and then plow the 
rye under when it is high enough, or to 
apply the lime in the Spring and sow 
Sweet clover and let it grow until the 
next Spring, when I am ready to plant 
the potatoes, and then plow it under? Is 
there any better way to improve the soil 
by the use of lime and green crops? 
Athens. Pa. it. a. S. 
5 on will do better to seed Canada peas 
and oats in early Spring, using about one 
ton of limestone to the acre and 300 lbs. 
acid phosphate and 50 lbs. muriate of 
potash. Do not use burned lime —that 
will be more likely to increase scab on 
the potatoes. Tn early July plow the 
peas and oats under and seed to each 
acre six pecks of buckwheat, three pecks 
rye and four lbs. Alsike clover. Then 
let the crop alone until the following 
Spring, except to let the poultry go on 
and harvest the buckwheat. Tn the Spring 
chop up the ground with a disk or cut¬ 
away and then plow. 
One-piece 
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keep spark 
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because: they are individually cast from 
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most trying piston ring service; because they 
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thousands of miles of usage; and because 
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Oil does not work up past Gill One-piece Piston 
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THE GILL MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 
8300 South Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 
Canadian Manufacturer: 
BROWN ENGINEERING CORPORATION, Limited 
Toronto, Ontario 
Sole Export Agents: 
AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS CORPORATION 
Woolworth Building, New York, N. Y. 
Identify the Gill 
One - piece Piston 
Ring by the joint, 
but do not meas¬ 
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joint alone. 
Gill Service is nation wide. There are more 
than 2,000 stocks of Gill Piston Rings in the 
country. Some one of these dealers is located 
near you to supply you with whatever size you 
may want and the number you want when 
you want them. If your garage or repairman 
or accessory dealer doesn’t happen to carry 
Gill One-piece Piston Rings tell him to get 
them from his jobber or from the nearest of 
our 39 Branch Offices. 
