The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
683 
get ;i s-mnll crop from them next year. 
After picking in 1922 we expect prompt¬ 
ly to plow under the rows we have just 
planted and work the ground up thorough¬ 
ly until July, when another row of run¬ 
ners will be put in its place. The plants 
which we shall transfer in July will give 
the crop for 1923 , and the plants to he 
put out in July of next year will fruit in 
1921 . Wo can in this way (or until in¬ 
sects or disease stop us) keep going in¬ 
definitely. In this scheme the children 
follow directly in the footsteps of their 
parents, and carry on their work. You 
may do that with strawberries, but hu¬ 
man children in this age are not to be 
transplanted so easily. H. w. C. 
Notes on Vine Training 
I have read a number of articles re¬ 
cently by F. F. Gladwin and others on 
pruning and training grapevines. 
I hav6 been growing grapes in a small 
and more or less experimental way (hav¬ 
ing but 18 vines and 11 varieties) for 10 
or 12 years. T started with five vines 
trained on the high-renewal system, but 
found the tying of the new growth re¬ 
paired too much time when other garden 
work was pressing. I began to look for 
another method of training, and in study¬ 
ing different methods I read of the one- 
trunk and two-trunk KnifFen systems. 
Objection was made to the one-trunk sys¬ 
tem with four laterals, for the reason that 
the nature of a vine is to grow from the 
tip. and the upper laterals would there¬ 
fore' draw more sap than the lower later¬ 
als on the same trunk. This would tend 
to produce more growth and fruit on the 
upper laterals at the expense of the lower 
laterals, which would have little' or no 
creep The two-trunk system was advo¬ 
cated. making the division close to the 
ground, and training two laterals about 
2(4 ft. from the ground em one trunk, and 
two about five feet from the ground on 
the other. 1 have used this latter sys¬ 
tem with satisfaction, as if eliminates all 
tying except the main laterals, the new 
growth being pruned back each Fall to 
spurs on them, leaving two buds. 1 
worked the high-renewal vines over to 
this system also, and have grown all 
laterals about five feet long, making a 
vine cover about 10 feet, of trellis. T 
have seen a system illustrated showing 
four spurs at the top of each trunk, two 
to carry fruiting canes for the current 
season and two to grow fruiting canes 
for the next season. The fruiting canes 
of the current season are cut back to 
spill’s in the Winter after fruiting, and 
the new canes which grew during the 
season are tied up in their places, this 
alternating of canes being practiced from 
year to year. c. G. THTTrstox. 
Rhode Island. 
Several times in The "R. X.-Y. T have 
pointed out that there is no best method 
for training all varieties of the grape, 
but that the various sorts possibly lit 
into one of several methods. Just re¬ 
cently wo have compiled the data from 
the experiment that has run eight years 
in testing the various methods for train¬ 
ing the Concord. In this compilation T 
have concluded that, all things consid¬ 
ered. this variety has proven best when 
trained to the single-stem, four-cane Knif- 
fen, and that the two-stem KnifFen, as 
suggested by Mr. Thurston, has, proven 
markedly inferior, both in fruit produc¬ 
tion and in quality. 
Tf is true that the greatest growth is 
made on the upper canes, or those tied 
to the top wire, but as this can be easily 
overcome it need give no worry. Two 
ways are employed to counteract this ten¬ 
dency. The first and simplest is to give 
the upper canes more fruit to develop 
through pruning them longer, and the 
second plan is to make a short division 
in the trunk below the lower wire as a 
secondary trunk, which is maintained 
permanently. Our work shows that the 
more this division is carried to the ground 
tin' more adversely it affects the wood 
and fruit production. Next to the high 
renewal the two-trunk KnifFen has proven 
tlie poorer of the seven methods under 
test. Niagara, Worden, Clinton and 
Delaware have proven well trained to the 
single-stem, four-cane KnifFen. 
It is not within my recollection that 
I have ever advocated high renewal for 
Concord, especially with vigorous varie¬ 
ties. However, our tests show that Ca¬ 
tawba, Diamond. Campbell and Iona 
are naturally adapted to (his method. In 
Central New York Concord is trained 
generally to the high renewal, but this 
is largely for the reason that Concord 
does not grow so rampant there as in 
most sections of the State. 
No matter what training method is 
employed, provision ought always to be 
made for the fruiting canes of the follow¬ 
ing season through judicious spurring. 
We employ this plan consistently. Of 
course, it i« unnecessary to state that 
such spurs should be located as near the 
head of the trunk, whatever the method. 
F. E. GLADWIN. 
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