The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
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guarantee editorial page. 
Horticultural Short Cuts 
Budding and Grafting 
Will you give me some pnootical infor¬ 
mation regarding budding and grafting? 
Are the buds used in budding in June 
developed from Spring to .Tune, also the 
bud put in growth made Spring to June? 
Roanoke, Ya. o. t. g. 
Budding is placing a bud from the 
scion that has developed the same season 
on a stock that has developed previously. 
The operation cannot be performed until 
the scion buds arc ripe; that is. have 
developed to a mature stage. But one 
hud is used from the scion, the wood be¬ 
ing removed from the bark before insert¬ 
ing in the stock. 
Grafting is the process of placing a 
scion consisting of more than one hud 
and a portion of a twig on a stock that 
has developed previously. With grafting 
the buds must be dormant, and as the 
work is done in the Spring the scions 
must be of the previous season’s growth. 
Thus with June-budding, the scions con¬ 
taining t ho buds have developed since 
Spring, and are growing buds. With 
Spring grafting thp buds are dormant 
and are of the previous year’s growth. 
In top-working a tree, the grafting pro¬ 
cess is generally used, though we have 
top-worked to other varieties by budding. 
We find where old trees are budded in the 
branches, the buds do not survive the 
Winter as well as grafts. t. ir. T. 
Self-sterile Cherries 
I have two sweet cherry trees. They 
are similar to Oxheart. hut. later and very j 
dark red. They are loaded each year ‘ 
with blossoms, but fruit does not set; ! 
some years have no more than a dozen 
or so. and sometimes about a pint. They 
are large tree's, about eight, years old. anil 
in good, well-drained soil. What, can I 
do to get more fruit? o. H. , 
Leslie, Mich. 
Tn New York State very few sweet j 
cherries are tidf-sterile. but the opposite 
seems true in the West. Practically all 
swget cherries in Oregon are reported as 
Self-sterile, requiring some other variety 
to pollinate them. Black Tartarian anil 
Black Republican "are botli good pollen- 
izers. and are used for this purpose quite 
extensively. The cause of poor fruiting 
where single varieties are set alone gen¬ 
erally is this self-sterility, as they bloom 
profusely, yet set no fruit. Plant some 
other variety to furnish pollen and secure 
a crop from each tree. T. h. t. 
Pruning Evergreens 
T have a white pine wind-break; trees 
are about 20 ft. tall. I would like to 
clip the ends of the limbs to thicken 
them and make them in better form. Will 
the white pine stand this trimming, and 
when is the best time to do it? j. R. n. 
Prattsburgh, N. Y. 
To prune evergreens, and especially 
pine, requires an artist, or else the result 
will be malformation. The best plan is 
to correct the form by breaking out the 
center bud from such shoots as project 
beyond proper limits, thereby securing a 
more compact growth. If it becomes 
necessary to top the branches, cut must 
remove also the bolster at the base of 
the branch. Then the resinous exudation 
will prevent decay and the cambium cov¬ 
ers the scar, if the cut has been made 
properly. We should keep in mind that 
the pines are essentially light-loving 
species, hence do not bear over-topping 
or crowding. For hedge planting the 
pines furnish no specially desirable ma¬ 
terial. an ns they are light-needing, they 
soon thin < ut in the interior. Tn remov¬ 
ing limbs and pinching out buds, the Fall 
is the best I imo. though many do the 
work iu Spring with no ill results. 
T. H. T. - 
ft 
Grafting Plums and Cherries 
T wish to add something to the replv 
made bv T. TT. T. .to IT. W. M.. on page 
40M The statements made in regard to 
grafting plums are. T believe, fully in 
accord with generally accepted beliefs, j 
but such beliefs; are by no means correct. 
That plums can easily he grafted early 
ip the season by using scions cut before 
the buds start is orthodox and unques¬ 
tionable. I am inclined to think that, 
very f»w scions will grow if cut or set 
just after the buds begin to start. T have 
■ more than once grafted both plums and 
cherries, using both cleft and whip- 
grafts, cutting the growing scions from 
one tree and immediately setting them in 
another tree, just, as the blossoms were 
opening. T have never seen scions grow 
any better than (hose did. There seem 
to be two seasons, an early one before 
the buds start, and a late one. just, as the 
blossoms are opening, for grafting plums 
and cherries. I am not the only man 
who has satisfied himself that, such late 
grafting as I describe is practical. 
I hope many of our friends, and per¬ 
haps some of our experiment stations, 
will test such late grafting, being sure 
to graft blooming trees with scions just 
cut from trees iu similar condition of ad¬ 
vancement. and publish results. Useful 
facts that are not generally accepted are 
the ones that most need to be proven 
and published. E. a. p. 
Horseheads, N. Y. 
let the Children in,too! 
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PEACH TREE BORERS 
Hill them with 
KRYSTAL GAS 
This method of destroying PEACH TREE BORERS 
is highly recommended by the LJ. 8. Department 
of Agriculture. For circular write 
HOME PRODUCTS INC. Rahway, N. J. 
Free Catalog In colors explains 
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*1H Elm St..Quincy 
New York State FARMS uTt'V\ToT^. 
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A NEW BOOK for 
Dairymen 
PublnktJ by 
Portland Cement Association 
It will help you boost 
dairy profits. 
It’s full of valuable in¬ 
formation on how and 
why to use concrete 
for barns, icehouses, 
milkhouses, watering 
troughs, silos, water 
storage tanks, barn¬ 
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farm building. 
Write our nearest 
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free copy. 
Remember 1 
m 
CONCRETE 
PORTLAND CEMENT ASSOCIATION 
To Improve and Extend Uses of Concrete 
Atlanta 
Chicago 
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Parkersburg 
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Portland, Oreg. 
Salt Lake City 
San Francisco 
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St. Louis 
Vancouver, B. C. 
Washington 
