The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
733 
The quick 
way to 
anywhere 
All through the year, 
an Iver Johnson Bicycle 
stands ready to take you 
wherever you want to go—and 
at no expense. 
Iver Johnson Juvenile Bicycles and 
Iver Johnson Bicycles for adults em¬ 
body the same features of strength 
and durability. Seamless steel tubing- 
drop-forged parts; two-piece crank set; 
perfect two-point bearings, both cones 
on one axle, always in alignment; 
superb enamel and nickel finish; and 
the best equipment — all make Iver 
Johnson the King of Bicycles. Unbeat¬ 
able for good looks, easy riding, speed, 
strength, and durability. 
IVER JOHNSON 
BICYCLES 
Iver Johnson Juvenile Bicycles 
$47.50 to $52.50 
Iver Johnson Adult Bicycles—Truss-Bridge 
Roadster, $60; Other models, $47.50 to $75.00. 
(No extra charge for Coaster Brake). 
Write today for free Bicycle Catalog “B." 
Illustrated booklet on Iver Johnson Fire¬ 
arms “A" also sent if requested. 
Iver Johnson’s Arms & Cycle Works 
99 Chambers Street, New York City 
308 River Street. Fitchburg. Mass. 
717 Market Street, San Francisco 
ECLIPSEI 
Corn Planter 
F°* planting field or ensilage corn, 
' ..beans, peas or beets — in hills,- 
drills, or checks. Distributes fertilizer 
at the time of planting; and none of 
it will touch the seed. Accurate seed 
spacing. Seed is covered at a uniform 
depth, and is lightly packed by the 
large, wide, concave wheel. 
An Eclipse Corn Planter can also 
be furnished for two-row planting. 
I he construction is identical with the 
one-row planter, and a seat is pro¬ 
vided for the driver. 
, We also manufacture the “King of 
the Cornfield” Planter, with the 
sight feed which prevents skips. 
Write for full information and prices 
Bateman and Companies, Inc. 
347 Madison Ave., New York City 
Worcester. Mass. Grenloch, N. J. 
■Keep Your Garden 
Free From Weeds 
There's an easy way to get rid of 
them. It saves the moisture—Makes 
your vegetables GROW. 
BARKER Wee<1 er, Mulcher and Cultivator 
unnnE.il 3 Gardeil Xools Ia t 
Kills the weeds and breaks the hardest crust 
into a level, porous, moisture-retaining mulch 
—all in one operation. Eight reel blades re- 
v0 , e . r a 2^inst a stationary underground 
■rii 6 r 1 «. a K l , wn Mower. “Best Weed 
Killer Ever Used. Outs runners. Aerates 
the soil Works right up to plants. 
Has leaf guards, also shovels for deeper 
cultivation A boy can run it—do more 
and better work than ten men with 
hoes. 5 sizes. Inexpensive. 
Write TODAY for free illus- 
ntrated book and special 
Factory-to-Uaer offer 
BARKER MFG. CO. 
Dept. 16 
David City. Neb. 
A Primer of Economics 
By John J. Dillon 
Part XXV 
What is price? 
Price i<s the value of a commodity ex¬ 
pressed in terms of money. When we 
compare any other thing with (gold) 
money, we estimate values just as we do 
with any other two communities, but 
since money (gold) is adopted as a uni¬ 
versal standard of value, we find it con¬ 
venient to use a different term, and in¬ 
stead of saying the value of a bushel of 
wheat is 23.22 grains of gold, we say the 
price of a bushel of wheat is $1, which is 
the same thing under a different name. 
Can there be a general rise in the price 
of commodities? 
There may be. and there frequently is a 
general rise in the price of commodities 
because all other commodities are then 
compared to money or gold. This distinc¬ 
tion between value and price is important. 
There can be no general rise in values, 
but there may be a general rise of prices. 
Is a general rise or fall of prices of 
any importance? 
A general rise means that the volume of 
money has become cheap. It would indi¬ 
cate the volume of money had increased, 
J relative to other things, and for that rea¬ 
son more of it would be demanded in ex¬ 
change for any other commodity. While 
the process of adjustment was going on. 
those who could adjust their business 
promptly to the new conditions would 
profit unduly, while those who could not 
at once pass the extra burden on to their 
customers would suffer, but when adjust¬ 
ments were finally completed, all would 
be on the same relative footing as.before. 
It would take no more or no less of wheat 
to buy a pair of shoes or a quantity of 
other commodity. 
Every commodity except money would 
exchange for any other commodity in the 
same proportions as before, but any com¬ 
modity would exchange for more money 
than before. In current transactions, it 
would simply involve a handling of more 
money and nothing more, but in the chap¬ 
ter on money it will be seen that the effect 
on time contracts may be considerable. 
What is natural price? 
The natural price of a commodity is the 
cost of producing it, including rent, in¬ 
terest, wages, and profit. 
What is market price? 
Market price is the price at which com¬ 
modities actually sell in the market. 
No commodity is ever furnished con¬ 
tinuously for any length of time in just 
the volume of supply demanded by the 
public, and in consequence, all commodi¬ 
ties are subject to temporary variations in 
price. Because of these variations, profits 
rise or fall. As the profits increase in an 
industry, capital is attracted to it. When 
profits decline, in an industry, new capital 
avoids it, and even old capital leaves it. 
Following this law, farm capital is often 
shifted in whole or in part from one crop 
to another. This shifting of capital tends 
to equalize profits, and where competition 
has full play to cause market prices to 
alternately rise above or fall below the 
natural price, but always gravitate to- ] 
wards it. 
Can high prices be the result of corre¬ 
sponding high wages? 
General high prices cannot be the result 
of corresponding general high wages. 
If a general increase of wages caused a 
corresponding increase of prices, there 
could be a real increase of wages. If the 
laborer took his pay in kind, that is, in 
necessities and comforts of life, he would 
get no greater portion after the rise than 
before. The effect would be the same if 
he took hi.s pay in money, assuming the 
money to be of stable value. He would 
exchange the money for the same amount 
of comforts he commanded before his 
wages were raised. If the price of labor 
increases, and the cost of living increases 
proportionately, the laborer profits noth¬ 
ing by the increased wages. If the ad¬ 
vance in the cost of living is less than the 
advance in wages, he does profit by the 
difference, but if the advance in the cost 
of living exceeds the advance in wages, he 
is worse off than before, A real general 
advance iu wages must come out of 
profits. 
Mamma : “Now, Teddie, wouldn’t you 
like to be a banker like Uncle Peter when 
you grow up?” Teddie: “Well, inum- 
mie, couldn’t I be a banker without being 
like Uncle Peter?”—Loudon Telegraph. 
Don’t Count 
\our Night Hours 
Counting the clock strokes 
at night means losing the 
day hours in drowsiness. 
•A cup of tea or cofFee at 
bedtime often results in 
dreary wakefulness. 
Postum Cereal 
is a hot, cheering, meal-time 
beverage, fully satisfying to 
the taste, and you can drink 
it at any hour of the day — 
as many cups as you like-—• 
with no irritation to nerves. 
Better nights and brighter morn¬ 
ings usually follow a change 
to Postum as the table drink. 
u 
There’s a Reason 
it 
Nfode hy Postum Cereal Co., Inc Battle Creek, Mich. 
Get This Bargain Book Free 
In my new Bargain Fence Book you’ll 
find prices cut to the bone—prices you have 
been waiting for a good long time—and, 
as usual, Jim Brown's prices are way be¬ 
low all other fence prices. 
Now Is the Time to Buy Fence 
Send for this Bargain Fence Book today. See the big 
pay 
freight, too—Jim Brown. ( 17 ) 
THE BROWN FENCE & WIRE CO. Dept.459 Cln.l.iU, 0 . 
*1111111111111 
H®3B8CTS 
IIIIIMIIIHH 
| The Farmer | 
| His Own Builder | 
By H. ARMSTRONG ROBERTS = 
= A Poetical and handy book of all kinds E 
— of building information from concrete to ™ 
= carpentry. PRICE $1.50 = 
— for Male by — 
1 THE RURAL NEW-YORKER I 
333 West 30th Street, New York = 
sTiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiiiiiiiiiiiiiin 
ibu Can Afford a Farm in 
Fertile Ontario « Quebec 
inw. 
■M 
few- 
•y'/ 
The wave of high land prices may well turn 
in *„ y0U ij at n ntl ° n to the opportunities to be found 
rJtfco^ Here, close to im- 
|C> 
Pi 
iwd yiuci .rruvinces or Canada. Here, close to im 
, roense cities—great industrial centers—with all the convenience 1 
to be found in any land anywhere, are farms which mav be bought It 
3re r etiring"SSS-in^ 
cases ncn. High prices for all farm products, good markpha all th£ 
conveniences of old. well-settled districts, beckonlyo^to investigate! 
A Wonderland off Opportunity ffor the Pioneer. 
Ontario* an^CWhf^ 1 nffa perm jt y ou to buy an established farm. 
anc f Ouebec offer great fertile regions where the nioneer 
9 ut a k° me lor himself and family—where prosperity and 
^ 1 Fv!£^ n K,^ nCe i, ar f to ^ on by those who will put forth the effort. 
^ ranc ^°f agriculture may be followed in these Provinces - 
. dairying and stock raising are particularly successful. 
I mm i g ra fi on Ot t a w a fcarfa d a! 0 ? ’ CtC " Write Department of 
O. G. RUTLEDGE, 301 E. Genesee St., Syracuse, N. Y. 
Canadian Government Agent. 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a 
quick reply and a “square deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
