The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
835 
RURALISMS 
Coreopsis Lanceolata 
Will you tell me something about Core¬ 
opsis lanceolata? What is the object of 
growihg the plants? Will the plants 
thrive on the sandy soil of Cape Cod? 
Kingston, Mass. w. n. c. 
Coreopsis lanceolata is one of the best 
of hardy perennials, producing a profu¬ 
sion of showy, bright yellow flowers on 
long stems. It is fine for cutting, and is 
a standard Summer flower in the flonst 
trade. It is very showy for garden deco¬ 
ration. and easily grown from seed. It 
likes an open, sunny situation, and does 
well on any ordinary garden soil. We 
have had no experience with it at the 
seaside, but see no reason why it should 
not do well with you. 
Pansy Culture 
Which is the best pansy seed, and when 
do you sow the seed? What time of the 
year do vou transplant the plants, and 
how do you care for them after planted? 
West Albany, N. Y. E. K. 
The “best” pansy seed is fresh seed of 
anv good strain selected for the purpose, 
whether cut flowers, greenhouse or gar¬ 
den culture. All good seed houses sel 
selected strains. Giant Trimardenu and 
Cassier strains ere well-known types. If 
growing for special purposes separate 
colors should be used rather than mixed 
sorts. The seed mav o- r,vn indoors in 
February or March, in tne open ground 
in April and May. or in open beds from 
the second week in July to the latter 
part of August. These Summer-sown 
plants are wintered over and provide 
early flowering plants for the following 
Spring. 
Soil for pansies should be well culti¬ 
vated. fine and friable. Ground that 
was well manured for a previous crop, or 
that has been enriched with old well- 
rotted cow manure, is desirable. Sow 
tho sppcI in drills, three inches apart,, and 
covering only about one-sixteenth inch. 
The soil should be moistened, and germin¬ 
ation will be hastened by covering the 
rows with sacking or newspapers. The 
August sown beds may be watered 
through the sacking, _ so that the tiny 
seedlings are not. dried out. In very 
hot. dry weather shading is an advantage. 
As soon as the seedlings can he pricked 
out they should he transplanted to a 
distance of seven to nine inches apart, 
and given clean cultivation. Summer 
plants can be carried over Winter with 
no other protection than a mulch, put 
on after the ground is frozen, but many 
plants art* carried over commercially in 
cold frames, so as to have them in bloom 
or hud for early sales. Seed sown in 
April or May will give plants blooming 
the end of June, when the early-bloom¬ 
ing plants are over. In your locality 
sow from July 10 to 20, for Spring-bloom¬ 
ing plants. If transplanted the first 
time into the place where they are to re¬ 
main permanently larger flowers are ob¬ 
tained than if they are moved again; 
further disturbance of the roots lessens 
the size of the flowers. When left in 
open beds through the Winter, the loca¬ 
tion should be well drained; a place 
where water will stand at the roots, or 
where ice will form over the crowns is 
very detrimental to the plants. 
Early Bunching Onions 
We wish to grow extra early hunching 
onions for the market. We know the 
onions must be planted some time the 
previous year, but whether in the Spring 
or Fall we are not sure. As it looks to 
us, we should put in some sort of multi¬ 
plier onion in the early Fall, in order to 
have them up as soon as the frost is out 
of the ground. Will they need any spe¬ 
cial forcing or care? Is there danger of 
their rotting in the ground during the 
Winter? Our land is clay and sand 
mixed, reasonably well drained, no stand¬ 
ing water. Any information you can give 
us will be very gratefully received. 
Kalamazoo, Mich. c. J. M. 
Growing early bunch onions is prac¬ 
ticed by market gardeners in the neigh¬ 
borhood of large towns and cities through 
the use of potato, multiplier or set onions. 
The potato onion is one which propagates 
itself by vegetative parts by division of 
the bulb. Large bulbs are planted in the 
Spring or in the Autumn, and the product 
is a large number of small bulbils. These 
are planted the succeeding Autumn to pro¬ 
duce bunch onions for the next Spring 
markets. The common practice is to se¬ 
lect an area of well-enriched and well- 
drained. sandy loam, and about October 1 
first set the small potato or multiplier 
onions in rows about 15 in. apart and 
two or three inches apart, in the row. As 
soon as the ground is frozen the planted 
area is mulched with strawy manure, 
which is allowed to remain until the suc¬ 
ceeding Spring. The onions will not be 
injured by remaining frozen during the 
Winter, but the mulch should be thick 
enough to prevent alternate freezings and 
thawings. With the approach of Spring 
top growth will begin, and the mulch 
should be removed, after which the onions 
will soon attain marketable size, for sal¬ 
able condition is determined more by the 
size of the tops than by the size of the 
bulbs, T. II. T. 
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of the success you desire, investigate what these Provinces can do for you. 
iv \ For illustrated literature, maps, etc., write Department of Immigration. 
Ottawa. Canada, or 
\ 
O. G. RUTLEDGE, 301 E. Genesee St., Syracuse, N. Y. 
Canadian Government Agent. 
When you write advertisers mention The R. N.-Y. and you'll get a 
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