842 
The RURAL NEW-YORKER 
June IS, 1. - I 
Dairymen who had been 
skeptical about machines, when forced to use 
one because of the shortage of help during 
the war, became enthusiasts. They found that 
their boys could do the milking during busy 
seasons and thus save keeping an extra hired 
man. Now that labor is more plentiful they 
do not care to change back to the hand method 
of milking. _ / 
k One of our readers 
theja«i^ 
Sharpies 
Jt an dard of 
the Dairy 
“Boys of Twelve and 
Fifteen do the Milking 
— The Machine is Saving me S50 a 
Month and the Board of One Man” 
I F you still milk by hand read the letters (from which 
the above comment was taken) in the April issue of 
The Dairy Farmer—then investigate the Sharpies Milker. 
Find out how you can make “milking time” a shorter, 
more agreeable, more productive and more profitable time 
than ever before. Find out why the percentage of America’s 
24,000,000 dairy cows being milked the Sharpies way is 
increasing daily. 
The Sharpies is made in two types. The Sharpies Master 
Milker (for large or small dairies) is now in satisfactory use 
on over one million cows and is to be found in nearly every 
country in the world. Our Moto Milker is an electric, 
portable milker made especially for six to twenty cow 
dairies that have electricity. No installation is necessary— 
simply wheel it in the barn and milk. It will run from a 
farm lighting plant. Both machines have the same suckling 
action on the teats and the intermittent squeezing by Com¬ 
pressed Air (patented). A Sharpies will cut your milking 
costs and increase your profits from the start. Let us send 
our free descriptive booklet. 
THE SHARPLES MILKER COMPANY 
WEST CHESTER, PA. 
Chicago San Francisco Toronto 
SHARPLES MILKERS 
No other milker has a 
positive squeeze. No other 
milker even squeezes the 
teats out of round. No other 
milker uses compressed air. 
Sharpies patents protect 
this big feature absolutely. 
Most co vus give donxm 
snore milk to the gentle, 
comfortable Sharpies suck¬ 
ling action than they do 
to hand milking. They 
like it and it frequently 
increases the milk yield. 
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ickstep Shoe Company 
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UNADILLA 
1 SILOS ! 
\aluable Features That 
Count in the Da,ys Whrk 
Patented 
Door Frond 
Ladder 
Twice a day, half the 
year, year in and year 
out, you use your silo. 
Silos must be conven¬ 
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Look at the front of a 
UnadillaSilo and you’ll 
see why we sell more 
silos than any two other 
manufacturers in the 
East. With its contin¬ 
uous opening, adjusta¬ 
ble door frame, and 
doors that can’t freeze 
in or stick, you can 
enter easily and safely 
and shove out the silage at its 
own level instead of pitching it up over 
head; gravity does your work. And with 
the Unadilla safety ladder device built on the 
door, you’re as safe climbing the Unadilla as 
going up a stairway! 
Write for catalog describing these and other 
exclusive features. Get our early-order dis¬ 
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are open. 
UNADILLA SILO CO. 
Box C. Unadilla, N.Y., or Des Moines, la. 
Throwing 
Silage out at 
the Door 
Level 
[ 
When you write advertisers 
quick reply and a “square 
mention The R. N.-Y. and you’ll get a 
deal.” See guarantee editorial page. 
Live Stock and Dairy 
Devons as Dairy Cattle 
The Devon rattle are noted chiefly for 
beef or for working purposes. They are 
handsome animals, and make a quick 
growth. They are active and intelligent, 
and are very satisfactory under the yoke. 
The Devon breeders, however, feel that 
their cattle have real merit as dairy ani¬ 
mals. The cows are active, and are §tble 
to make good use of rough pastures, and 
some of them have real ability as milk 
producers. It is now proposed by Devon 
breeders to establish an advanced regis¬ 
try. like those established by other cattle. 
The rules require that the tests be under 
regulation of an agricultural college or 
experiment station, or some cow-testing 
association. An animal to be eligible 
must make 250 lbs. of butterfat in her 
two-year-old form and increase one-tenth 
of a pound per day until the age of five 
years, when the requirements reach 360 
lbs. per year. Two cows have already 
been placed on test. One of them start¬ 
ed February 22 and produced 168.2 lbs. 
of milk for the balance of February and 
944.3 lbs. in March, with an average test 
of 5.05 per cent. In April this cow pro¬ 
duced 911 lbs. of milk with a test of 4.0. 
The other cow, started later, in 23 days 
of April gave 872.5 lbs. of milk with an 
average test of 4.6. These records are 
good, and if the Devon can produce milk 
in this way and retain its value for beef 
and for working animals it will certainly 
make a name for itself. 
Forage Crops in Corn 
What advice could you furnish me con¬ 
cerning a field of good laud, about 15 
acres, which I am now planting to Learn¬ 
ing corn, hand planted so it can be cul¬ 
tivated both ways, as to a green or for¬ 
age crop to be drilled or broadcast and 
used to pasture pigs after the corn is cut? 
1 intend to put the field into a heavy 
clover for next year. What variety would 
you advise in this section, and when 
would you plant it? w. b. u. 
New Jersey. 
If hog pasturage is desired, thei’e is 
nothing better than Dwarf Essex rape. 
We should seed in the corn at the last 
cultivation a mixture of three pecks of 
rye, 2 lbs. Essex rape seed and 4 lbs. Al- 
sike clover per acre—broadcast and light¬ 
ly cultivated in. After corn cutting this 
will give pasture until December. The 
next Spring this growth can be plowed 
under and the field seeded to a mixture of 
Red and Alsike clover with a light seeding 
of oats or barley. 
Arrangement of Cow Stall 
W'ilL you advise me how to make a cow 
stall? 1 have only one cow milking and 
keep her in a box stall nights, but find.it 
to be a very unsanitary way for a milk 
cow. I have decided to make a concrete- 
bottom stall for her. with a swinging 
wooden stanchion and gutter around the 
front and sides. I shall make a curb 
4 in. wide, to be about 2 in. above the 
finished floor or platform to keep litter in 
place. Cow is to stand either on cork 
bricks or 2-in. chestnut planking, the gut¬ 
ter to be 14 in. wide and about 10 ft. long 
to carry liquid into pit; the remainder 
of space in box stall I shall leave as it 
is (dirt bottom). 
1. What is the proper length and width 
of a platform for a medium-sized cow. 
allowing 2 ft. for the manger? 2. In 
what proportion should I mix the con¬ 
crete for the bottom? When placing my 
ready-made forms for curbs and gutter 
011 this bottom, what mixture is best 
suited for this? 3. About how much ma¬ 
terial. such as cement and gravel, would 
this require? Small stones I have in 
plenty. J. h. 
Denville, N. J. 
1. Where cows stand in rows, as in 
the ordinary stable, it is customary to 
allow each a width of 3 f ft.; that is. 
the stanchions are placed at this distance 
from center to center. Where a stall is 
to be made for a single cow. it would he 
better to make- it somewhat wider, say 
414 ft. The length from the stanchion 
back to the edge of»the drop varies with 
tiie length of the cow, the purpose being, 
of course, to provide a comfortable stand¬ 
ing platform and still have it short enough 
so that the droppings will fall in the gut¬ 
ter. Four feet eight inches is a length 
often used. 
2. If you have good clean gravel, one 
in which the size of the sand particles 
are varied and one containing plenty of 
small stones varying from ft in. in di¬ 
ameter up to 1 V> in. a mixture of one 
bag of cement to five cubic feet of gravel 
should make a strong enough concrete. 
The gravel may he screened through a 
V, -in. mesh screen, and then recombined, 
using two parts of stone retained on the 
screen to one part of sand passing 
through it. All the material passing 
through the screen is considered as sand. 
If there is some doubt about the quality 
of the gravel, use one part of cement to 
four parts of gravel. The extra cost will 
be but little,’ and the strength will he 
assured. Get a copy of “Concrete on the 
Farm” from, the Atlas Portland Cement 
Company, and follow directions contained 
in this for mixing and placing. The book 
will be sent free for the asking. If the 
gravel is of good quality the 1 :4 mixture 
will lie found satisfactory for the curbs 
and gutters as well. 
3. While I do not know definitely the 
exact shape of your cow stall, it will re¬ 
quire roughly about 20 cu. ft. of gravel 
and one barrel of cement. Small stones 
up to about If to 2 in. in diameter 
can he used in this, but I would mix them 
right with the gravel, and in laying see 
that they do not come to the surface. 
R. H. S. 
Barn Foundation and Drainage 
I am preparing to build a barn, and 
wish your opinion about foundation and 
drainage. The barnyard is very wet in 
the Spring and after heavy rains. I in¬ 
tend to build a 3-ft. stone and mortar wall 
for basement, and remainder wood. What 
depth should the ditch be below the wall 
or surface of ground, and the proper way 
to drain it? L. J. 
Richfield Springs, X. Y. 
At least two factors must he consid¬ 
ered when excavating for the foundation 
of a building; it must be carrited deeply 
enough to give a firm footing and prevent 
future sagging and settling, and it must 
read) a sufficient depth to insure that it. is 
below freezing depth to insure that water 
will not collect beneath it and by freezing 
heave the building out of shape during the 
Winter, allowing it to settle hack as the 
frost leaves the ground in the Spring. 
Fortunately satisfying one of these con¬ 
ditions usually satisfies the other. In farm 
practice, if a trench is dug deep enough 
to be below frost penetration it will usu¬ 
ally have reached good firm subsoil which 
has great enough bearing capacity to car¬ 
ry any load imposed by a farm building. 
This depth will usually be around 3 ft. 
If good firm subsoil is not reached at this 
depth the trfcnch can go deeper until a 
good footing is secured. The chief reason 
for drainage around a building foundation 
is to prevent heaving by freezing during 
cold weather. If a soil is dry it cannot 
expand injuriously when freezing, and 
will therefore not throw up the wall. 
Here prevention is better than a cure, and 
the best method is to provide eave troughs 
to carry the roof water away. Coupled 
with this may be used drain tile laid 
around the foundation and draining to 
the lowest point. If arranged in this 
manner there should he no trouble from 
heaviug and settling of the wall. R. H. s. 
Silage from Dry Fodder; Summer 
Pasture 
I have a silo that is very nearly empty. 
Could I fill it with corn fodder by putting 
a little water with it as- it passes through 
the cutter, and sprinkle a little salt, on it 
for Summer feeding? What could I plant 
in a cornstalk field to make good pasture 
by June? E. L. M. 
It is possible to make good silage by 
cutting dry corn fodder into the silo. In 
order to insure a good feed, it is necessary 
to add water at the rate of 1 lb. to each 
pound of dry stalks. It is quite a problem 
to get the water into the silo in large 
enough quantities to equal the rate at 
which a cutter would blow the cut stalks. 
The writer has added water to silage by 
running a stream into the blower of a 
silage cutter. It is impossible, however, 
to add enough water in this way to dry 
stalks. Unless you have means available 
for adding large quantities of water to the 
fodder as it comes into the silo, I would 
not advise trying the experiment. 
There is nothing that you can sow at 
this time that will give you .Tune pasture. 
My suggestion would be that you sow oats 
and peas, at the rate of If bu. of each 
per acre, right away. You can out. and 
feed these green about June 1. At corn 
planting time, if you would drill Wilson 
Soy beans at the rate of 1 bu. per acre, 
you would have green forage by .Tilly. 
Cattle do well on this feed. Rye sown in 
the Fall makes an ideal cattle forage for 
May and June. j. w. b. 
Blindness 
Will you give a remedy or eyewash for 
a horse with a film grown over oue eye 
which causes him to be blind? The other 
eye is all right. I think this was caused 
from distemper. c. rr. p. 
New York. 
Cataract no doubt is present. and is 
an opacity of the crystalline lens of the 
eye instead of a film upon the eyeball. It 
probably resulted from repeated, attacks 
of periodic ophthalmia (moon blindness), 
and is incrable. A. s. A. 
Site (wistfully) : “I think this is the 
most beautiful month in the year. I wish 
it would last forever.” Tie: “So do I. 
I have a note which fall due on the first.” 
—Credit Lost. 
