955 
The New Tariff Bill 
Tlie Fordney tariff bill, now before Congress, is a 
Tremendous document of 346 large printed pages. It 
covers practically every line of goods which might be 
brought into this country, and is entitled “A bill to 
regulate commerce with foreign countries, to en¬ 
courage the industries of the United States, and for 
other purposes.” The items of greatest interest to 
agriculture are: 
Wools of grade equal to domestic production, 25c per 
lb., “clean wool content.” 
Tobacco, mixed, wrapper and filler, $2 per lb.; tin- 
stemmed. 45c; stemmed, 60c per lb. 
Live cattle, under two years, lc per lb.; over two 
years, 114 c per lb.; fresh beef and veal, 2e per lb.; live 
iiogs, 1 / 2 c per lb.; lamb, 2c per lb.; pork, % per lb.; 
bacon and hams, U/iC Per lb.; lard, lc per lb.; mutton, 
144c per lb.. Milk, lc per gal.; condensed, ltyjC per lb. 
Butter and butter substitutes, 8c per lb.; cheese 5c 
Per lb. 
Cottonseed, cocoanut and Soy bean oil (from which 
butter aud lard substitutes are chiefly made), 2c per 
lb.; peanut oil, 2%c per lb. 
Copra, from which cocoanut oil is made, does not 
seem to be mentioned i~. ffhe bill. 
Live poultry, 2c per lb.; -eggs in the shell, 6c per doz.; 
other eggs, 15c per lb. 
Barley. 15c per bu.; buckwheat. 30c per 100 lbs.; 
corn, 15c per bu.; oats, 10c per bu.; wheat, 25c per 
bu.; flour and products, 30c per 100 lbs.; rye, 10c 
per bu. 
Apples, 25c per bu.; lemons. 2c per lb.; potatoes, 42c 
per 100 lbs.; onions, 75c per 100 lbs. 
Milled rice, 2c per lb. 
The following items are found on the free list: Agri¬ 
cultural implements, animals for breeding purposes, 
coal, hides, leather and leather manufactures, including 
harness, saddles, boots and shoes; phosphates in the 
crude form, sulphur and sulphur ore, from which sul¬ 
phuric acid is made; lumber, including logs and all un¬ 
finished lumber, including lumber planed on one side, 
tongued and grooved. 
There will not be much change in these items, ex¬ 
cept perhaps to increase some of them. There is 
much controversy over the dye and petroleum sched¬ 
ules. This bill would put an embargo on all dye¬ 
stuffs which are “obtainable in the United States on 
reasonable terms as to quality, price and delivery.” 
For other dyestuffs a licensing system is provided. 
This would give the American market absolutely to 
American manufacturers. The manufacturing of 
dyes can, if desired, be changed almost immediately 
to the production of explosives. 
Leg of Lamb and a Sheep 
The enclosed from the Portland Oregonian may be of 
Interest and service. I cannot at this writing say about 
mutton, but I bought a small leg of lamb on Saturday 
last (June 25) which was priced at 85c, and so would 
have bought one of those ewes. Portland is 53 miles 
from here. Robert g. iiarbutt. 
Oregon. 
The article mentioned by Mr. Iiarbutt is as fol¬ 
lows: 
Ultimate consumers, who patronize the corner butcher 
shop, should give particular attention to this very true 
experience of Hugh Smith of Fossil, Ore. Mr. Smith, 
who is at the Imperial, is in the sheep business, and 
therefore is to be commiserated. He needed a certain 
sum of money for a purpose which need not be men¬ 
tioned. Naturally, the way to raise the money was to 
sell some sheep, so he proceeded to do so. From his 
flock he selected some lambs and some ewes. The ewes 
were not of recent vintage; in fact, they were somewhat 
passe, but had reached the point of finding their way to 
the market. A carload was made up and Mr. Smith 
chaperoned the sheep to the yards in Portland, figuring 
that from the carload he would raise the sum necessary 
to liquidate the obligation which was on his mind. For 
the lambs he received a fair price. But the ewes! For 
the ewes, which two or three years ago would have 
been worth $15 each, he received one cent a pound. 
The weight of the ewes was 80 lbs., so for each one he 
was paid 80 cents. The transportation and other 
charges against the ewes amounted to 40 cents, so that 
for each whole ewe he sold he received exactly 40 cents. 
Of course, these sheep are not likely to be sold by the 
butchers as lamb chops—although there is no tolling— 
but they will be sold for mutton chops, and when the 
ultimate consumer buys the chops from those ewes he 
will not get them for a cent a pound nor anything like 
it. The ultimate consumer will probably pay for a mess 
of chops more than Hugh Smith received for the whole 
sheep. 
Thus one leg of lamb cost the consumer more than 
twice as much as the farmer obtained for an entire 
sheep. What share of the consumer’s dollar did the 
farmer get in this case? 
Getting New Ideas 
The American people (as a class) are like an old 
sponge—incapable of absorption of new ideas or pur¬ 
poses. or understanding new trails. The successful ones 
(generally) are a conglomerate mass of grasping op¬ 
portunists who amassed wealth through cheap lands, 
immigration, non-competition in early America. S. A. 
Wo have not found our people like that. After 
more than 30 years of associating with them we 
fmd that they absorb new ideas and grow steadily 
from year to year. There are some people who be¬ 
come discouraged when farmers do not listen to their 
teaching, when half the trouble is with themselves. 
They do not talk or teach in the language of the com¬ 
mon people. They shoot over the heads of the crowd, 
or are so bitter and violent in their denunciation that 
only a few equally radical will listen. The great ma¬ 
•P* RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
jority cf our country people are still conservative, 
with a high regard for what they call orderly pro¬ 
gress. It is a great thing for the country that this 
is true. It is better, on the whole, that this conserva¬ 
tive class should not be swept off its feet by ideas 
which are so new that they are untested. It is very 
easy for a man past 50 to become pessimistic until 
he can see little hope in the future and little help in 
the next, generation. It is quite easy for a man-to 
fall into that view of life, yet by doing so he prob¬ 
ably gives the worst possible sei’vice to his country. 
Looking the Situation in the Face 
When one thinks of the huge sum of money wasted 
on the recent prize fight, the lowering of moral tone 
by the sanction given to this brutality by so-called high 
society, the gigantic charity frauds of pious humbugs 
“pulled off” on our people, the gigantic waste for a 
war stopped too soon by political chicanery, we who are 
still sane must regret that our people arc so thought¬ 
less. 
Millions have been collected and only 10 or 20 per 
cent ever reaches the people for whom the money was 
collected. Our natural resources are being grabbed up 
by beastly interests wholly insane with money madness. 
Only the farmers and those who love Nature have 
retained their normal balance. Our wonderful country 
has been humbugged to the entire satisfaction of Mr. 
Barnum or greedy bankers. Now the presidents of our 
colleges are beginning to wonder what is the matter 
with education. A good education depends on the 
amount of honesty, love and justice one can acquire in 
a lifetime. 
Honesty gives fair dealing in business, stability in 
government. 
Love gives home, friends, country and world unity. 
Justice gives power, nobility and exalted humanity. 
Both religion and education must pry themselves 
away from the past so that a larger vision will enrich 
the now. F. edwin elwell. 
Connecticut. 
A “Hike” Through New Jersey 
I have had my annual New Jersey tour today. A 
friend ran three couple" of us as far as Long Branch, 
via Lakewood. Point Pleasant and Asbury Park, and 
back by Freehold, Burlington and Trenton, which with 
detours and rambles tallied 183 miles. A trip of that 
kind took all the bad out of our systems, especially 
that accumulated in "Washington at the truth-in-fabrics 
hearing. Such a jaunt, especially up that seashore drive, 
should do anyone good. I like to look out on that mag¬ 
nificent expanse of ocean, watch it roll in toward me. 
and think of the wisdom, power and love of the Cre¬ 
ator. In every age a few try to make Bibles and be¬ 
liefs for others by speculating around the fringes of 
natural laws, but they appear awful puny. At any rate, 
the ocean looks grand to one who sees little liquid except 
rainwater. 
'Such a trip shows that Buckeyes do not own all the 
good land, neither do the farmers farther West. The 
readers along our trip will know what was in sight, and 
what an educational ride we had. Some Western men 
have run across the State to Atlantic City, and carry 
the picture of sand and oak barrens. They do not cut 
any figure. Wait a few thousand years, as we had to 
for all our good soil. The sea has not been off the sand¬ 
bars long enough, but scrub vegetation, insects and the 
elements will fix that sand before all the good soil has 
been handled right. Even those barrens have compen¬ 
sation with the beautiful laurel in bloom now, and I 
would give $500 an acre for some of that gray sand that 
has a pine pole with a green brush on top growing up 
out of every square rod, if some fellow will move it 
along my line fence. 
Last year the trip was a zigzag one to Bridgeton, with 
good roads and flourishing crops nearly all the way. 
There are few areas on this planet superior in opera¬ 
tion and fertility to that, expanse of Seabrook Farms. 
There are a whole lot of large and small holdings in 
Jersey that the owners thought worthy of nice names. 
T have no doulfi that Hope Farm belongs in that list. 
Fine, large, healthy looking crops of hay of all kinds, 
corn, vegetables of every variety, were in sight most of 
the time, and the peach, pear and apple orchards were 
the darkest green, and potatoes are a wonderful acre¬ 
age. They might realize more money if but half had 
been planted. I only wish the growers of all this truck 
could sell it at the rate we paid for six “table d’hote” 
dinners at Long Branch. The first course was an unfor¬ 
tunate little sardine, and the ocean teeming with good 
fish 20ft ft. away, but I presume it is good form at “table 
d'hote” dinners to eat one salty, greasy sardine if you do 
not park it with your knife. It will hurry the growers to 
fasten on the “35-cent dollar” this time, I fear. They 
won’t get a handful of hills like I handed that French¬ 
man. He took $18 with one of the nicest, most elon¬ 
gated smiles I have met. and I took his receipt before 
the price raised. I like the French, but only wish they 
liked me more and money less. But to return to the 
crops. There was some wheat, plenty of corn and all 
kinds of vegetables, even big fields of them. Rye is 
plentiful for grain, and quite a lot has been used for 
cover, for pasture and to turn down. Cultivation of 
the fields looks perfect. Alfalfa fits in many sections, 
as well as the clovers. 
There is a plant named vetch with the nicest blossom, 
a dark blue, that I did not find a full growth, but in 
patches and bunches. I wish someone would write on 
that, because I think it must be a good one to fill up, 
and give flavor with the other hay plants. Sometime 
I want leisure to stop and visit. I also want to eat 
some good farmhouse victuals and pay about a dollar, 
but did not have time to get in barns or houses, nor 
question the growers. I know what a chicken is any¬ 
how, and saw enough white ones along to stock the 
largest Western State, and they did not appear to lower 
acreage for other things. There are also some real es¬ 
tate agents, second only to Florida, where the whole 
peninsula is for sale in 'small parcels. Similar to that 
State, the more tiny the area, and the poorer, the 
larger the figure asked and the more vociferous the ad* 
vertising in regard to it. 
It beats all how assiduously so many will work to 
find homes for their fellow men, and to put them in pos¬ 
session of small pieces of dirt that in a short time will 
be worth more money than they could fondly hope ever 
to have. Often it is hard to find street names in cities, 
but they are plain to a man running 30 miles an hour 
in the thicket and on sand heaps miles from nowhere 
Corner lots are all marked as visible to the naked eye 
as the Washington Monument. On the other hand, the 
guideposts are scarce and the directions so dim you 
must stop or back up to get part of the letters on the 
arms, while the balance of the posts, poles, fences and 
trees are gorgeous with brilliant oils, tires and “acces¬ 
sories.” They surely play the changes on that last 
word, and it recalls how David Grayson shut his eyes 
and repeated the term “hereditaments” of the deeds 
from Horace. 
We side-stepped at. Freehold to see the “Old Tennent 
Church,” founded about 200 years ago by some Coven¬ 
anters who got theirs for firmness in orthodox beliefs and 
crossed the ocean for a place “to worship according to 
the dictates of conscience.” They left their mark on 
the country and their descendants. If any Westerner 
thinks he has the only good dirt or methods of operating 
it. he should go to that church, which stands “like 
Mount Zion, beautiful for situation,” and “view the 
landscape o’er.” If someone wants good ideas on the 
rural church he should take a tablet and pencil and 
ensconce himself in one of those quaint pews. He might 
get enough inspiration from only the well-preserved, 
white-painted clapboard weatherboarding and beautiful 
cemetery, filled with members who went by the way of 
that building to a better country than New Jersey. 
Speaking of sheep, I did not see one on the whole 
trip, but a potato cultivator told me of four nearby, kept 
for lawn mowers. There is a daylight saving law in 
New Jersey, but as I return to a State less enterprising, 
will not change my watch. After 4 p. m. by it the own¬ 
ers of fields may be seen at work in them, and shoals 
of others along the sides of the pike going somewhere in 
the pursuit of happiness for a half day almost of day¬ 
light. Others in towns are at play or well-earned rest. 
There will be one benefit from it. It will hold down 
some overproduction unless the farmer tries to do his 
own and the hand’s work. They would get more for 
their yields if they took it easier and hired less. 
Figure a little. The wage earner works eight hours 
for 360 days, less 52 Sundays, less 12 holidays, less 52 
Saturday afternoons, or 2,160 hours in a year. The 
farmer puts in 1ft hours, 300 working days, three hours 
52 Sundays, or 3,156 hours, so to be moderate; which 
gets the most for his toil, interest in work, care and 
investment? “Brethren, think on these things.” I 
know what a pang it gives some farmers to think of 
loosening up a little for mutual welfare. We were 
confronted by a small coterie at Washington that could 
have a billion if they needed it, and I read in today’s 
paper that the American Federation of Labor is going 
to raise two and one-half billions for publicity. 
W. W. REYNOLDS. 
R. N.Y.—Mr. Reynolds is wrong about daylight sav¬ 
ing in New Jersey. There is no State law for it. The 
Legislature refused to pass such a law, but many manu¬ 
facturers advance the clock to suit themselves. 
New York Dog Law News 
Owners of dogs who fail to obtain licenses in com¬ 
pliance with the dog licensing law are liable to prosecu¬ 
tion with a penalty of $10 and costs, under an amend¬ 
ment enacted by the last Legislature and now in effect. 
Under the old law, unlicensed dogs were liable to seiz¬ 
ure, but in spite of this many were without licenses. 
Under the amended law the owner is made responsible. 
The law now provides that the board of assessors of 
a town, and the police department of a city, are re¬ 
quired, during the month of June in each year, to make 
a correct list of owners or harborers of dogs. For this 
service a fee of 20 cents for each name of an owner 
listed is paid. 
Another provision which is expected to be effective in 
the enforcement of the licensing law says that if a dog 
is found without a tag attached to a suitable collar, this 
is presumptive evidence that the dog is unlicensed, and 
it is made the duty of any peace officer to seize such dog, 
and no action may be maintained for injury to or de¬ 
struction of a dog without a tag. 
The law provides that all dogs outside of the counties 
in Greater New York must be licensed. Licenses and 
tags must be obtained on or before July 31 in each year 
from the clerk of the town or city in which the dog is 
owned, harbored or kept. The license fee is $2 for a 
male or spayed female, $5 for a female dog, and $20 for 
a kennel license, with a clerk’s fee of 25 cents for each 
tag issued. The license year begins July 1 and ends 
June 30. 
While the old law provided that claims could be made 
for damages by dogs to domestic animals, the law as 
amended provides for claims for damages to horses, cat¬ 
tle, sheep or swine only. If the owner of the dog that 
did the P-'-^nge is known, his name should be placed 
upon the < 1 5 m, and it is the duty of the county treas¬ 
urer to cause an action to be brought in the name of 
the county for the recovery of the damage; after an 
assignment of the claim to the county. 
From March 1. 102ft, to June 3ft, 1021, licenses were 
obtained for 231,870 dogs from town and city clerks, 
and for 17ft kennels of dogs from town and city clerks. 
The total of dog license fees collected was $646,003.16. 
The amount obtained from fees for the reclaiming of 
dogs which had been seized was $4,506.90, making a 
total of $650,510.06. 
The Profit in Ice Cream 
In this town and vicinity there are probably a dozen 
people who have built a stand in their dooryard, and 
are selling ice cream, bought from a factory. This ice 
cream I consider poor in quality. The man next door 
to me charges 60 cents per quart. Yesterday I had ice 
cream for dinner. It cost the following: Ice, 15c; 
salt, 5c; 1 lb. sugar, 714e; one pint heavy cream, 36c; 
one quart cream, taken off from the top of 3 qts. milk, 
which cost 30e; two quarts strawberries out of my gar¬ 
den, some labor, making a total of 9914 c. We had our 
4-qt. freezer full, and I called it good ice cream. We 
had two quarts of pretty good skim-milk left. 
I would say that a man living in New Jersey or 
Pennsylvania who was out of work and willing to 
work 12 or 14 hours a day, hard, and whose wife could 
make ice cream, could keep out of the poorhouse this 
Summer anyway. I believe that a trust manufacturing 
poor ice cream at a high price spells opportunity for 
somebody. The overhead expenses of these big con¬ 
cerns are tremendous. L. W. 
Pennsylvania. 
