‘Pm RURAL NEW-YORKER 
Northern Ohio Notes 
A State Cabinet. —The farmers of 
Ohio are greatly interested in the new 
order of State government, which is a 
radical departure from old-time methods, 
and gives to the Governor power to 
put all the different administrative affairs 
into eight groups, and appoint a director 
for each—eight in all—to constitute a 
cabinet, each to be responsible for its 
conduct. The great plea was that by this 
plan there would be no overlapping of au¬ 
thority. a “rigid exhibition of economy,” 
a great speeding up of affairs, each of 
these cabinet officers “under the eye” of 
the Governor, all friction avoided, politics 
eliminated (?), and the taxpayers of the 
State saved untold thousands of tax dol¬ 
lars. 
The Position of Agriculture. —Agri¬ 
culture comes off very well in the deal, as 
J. L. Tabor, one of the best-known farm¬ 
ers in the State, and in every way capa¬ 
ble, is Director of Agriculture, and all 
that pertains to agriculture. State Fair, 
experiment station, live stock interests, 
dairy, feeds, fertilizers, etc., are bunched 
and under the control of the director, a 
job which looks as if it would require 
most of his time. He has the confidence 
of the farmers, and as he is Master of 
the State Grange, with its 100.000 mem¬ 
bers, and has- the backing of all the State 
Bureaus, it looks as if he had half won 
the battle at the start. 
Changing Population. —From times 
remote it was and has been the proud 
boast of the people of Geauga Co., O., 
that no 20-mile square of New England 
could marshal more Puritan blood or ex¬ 
cel it in the preservation of the New 
England spirit in ways, manners, customs, 
religion, intelligence or loyal citizenship, 
belief in the freedom of all men—in fact, 
a county of transplanted New England- 
ism. The evolution of time is fast chang¬ 
ing all this, and peoples strange in race, 
language, customs and beliefs, are fast 
crowding in from the four corners of the 
world. The reason is that the old pioneer 
settlers and their first offspring have 
“gone West,” and the modern industries 
and new lands have called thousands of 
the younger generation into new condi¬ 
tions far removed from rural life and the 
old home. The new-comers now occupy 
the farms to a large extent, and the 
weekly bulletin of farm deeds recorded 
show that the larger half of these new 
owners hail to such names as Rudwovidki, 
Percherehk. Vidraskia. Fajaski, Pjak, 
Vbojty, Kashunick, Fejdclum. Solrg 
Chueerivo, and all these recorded deeds 
in a single week. This has been going on 
for two years or more, and seems at full 
tide at present. Each record means an 
American family less, and an added fam¬ 
ily to Americanize. A pronouncing vo¬ 
cabulary of these above names would be 
of great value to us of the next county 
south, and we wish to learn of the prob¬ 
able status of the community by the in¬ 
flux of this tide of the “unpronounceable” 
in the immediate years to come. 
The Rural Chautauqua is now in 
full swing all over the State of Ohio and | 
will in the aggregate probably number ! 
over 100 locations. So popular have they 
become that in addition to the large bu¬ 
reaus. many independent meetings will 
be held here and there, possibly with less 
“attractions” and considerably lower 
priced tickets. These Chautauquas have 
become the rural dwellers’ Summer vaca¬ 
tion, and the large village no longer mon¬ 
opolizes the attendance, for the farmer 
owns his share of the autos, and the coun¬ 
try for miles around arrives quickly and 
increases the numbers, and in the crowd it 
is hard to tell “who is who” from coun¬ 
try and village. And this is plain ; the 
rural attendant is demanding the best 
from the platform, whether orator or lec¬ 
turer. or in music; the dry-as-dust speak¬ 
er has no place, cheap talk or carelessly 
executed music of any kind gets no en¬ 
cores. The live topics of the day are 
wanted and delivered without sing-song. 
Fresh travels are received with great de¬ 
light. The audience likes to be amused 
some of the time, but a lecture by a 
noted man or woman, if “full of meat.” 
takes every time, and is warmly applaud¬ 
ed. These Ohio Chautauquas were a 
Buckeye invention and quickly developed 
into the circuit plan, striking distance of 
each other, so .the talent of today fills the 
•bill at the next stand tomorrow, and a 
new list takes their place, so it is a new 
company of talent each of the seven days. 
The Sunday Chautauqua is a great day, 
a union service for all the churches, and 
the management supplies a most eminent 
clergyman from away, and a fine quartet 
of singers, and the people become in 
touch with what is delivered from the 
great city pulpits, and so, for $3. a ticket 
buyer gets 14 of these entertainments, 
the cheapest course given by any educa¬ 
tional institution in the world. 
The Rural Physician. —This prob¬ 
lem is one of growing concern, for since 
the late war the rural physician has dis¬ 
appeared to a large extent, and leaves 
many of the large country districts en¬ 
tirely without a doctor within easy reach, 
often 10 or more miles away at best, and 
often a day or more is taken before the 
doctor can see the needing patient. This 
is a case in the writer’s home. There is 
only one resident doctor in a thickly popu¬ 
lated district of over five townships, a 
territory exceeding ',125 square miles. 
He is a doctor of great skill, and active 
propelling power, and many a day his 
trips will in the 24 hours aggregate 90 
miles, an impossibility except for his 
auto, which seems to respond to all de¬ 
mands upon it. Ilis is not an exceptional 
case, and it is not to be expected that to 
call a doctor 10 miles away his fee will 
be no more than the dollar a visit paid 
to old Dr. .Tones before the last war. The 
serious thing is the impossibility of 
prompt response to sick calls, as the doc¬ 
tor may be miles away from his office in 
attendance upon a patient who may de¬ 
mand his presence for hours. Yes, more 
doctors. But where are they? Our doc¬ 
tor would gladly welcome two. 
Cleveland Celebrates. — Cleveland 
has been celebrating the one hundred and 
twenty-fifth anniversary of its founding, 
and in the fact that since that time it 
has grown to be the fifth city in the 
Fuited States, with a population of 900,- 
000. and has not forgotten its New Eng¬ 
land origin, or influences, and points with 
pride to its churches, schools, colleges, 
its great banking institutions, its great 
manufacturing interests, one of which is 
being the second in place in the manu¬ 
facturing of every description of ready¬ 
made clothing, and so on through the list. 
So the celebration is a series of pageants, 
depicting the growth of the city, with em¬ 
phasis that shall be not only a reminder 
of a great past, but show as well the type 
and fashioning influence of these pioneer 
men and women who had planned and 
builded and laid the foundations for a 
future city, and so well that in less than 
100 years it has grown from a village of 
S.000 to one of almost a million. So for 
a week the city is to celebrate, oven to 
riding on an ox cart drawn by a sturdy 
yoke of oxen, followed by a 12-c.vlinder 
auto, and all the rest of the filling to 
•be thought of, for the capital of the 
Western Reserve of Ohio, which has fur¬ 
nished three president of the United 
States. j. G. 
The Cabbage Aphis 
I am having lots of trouble with a 
species of green fly which has completely 
destroyed my rutabaga turnips, and is 
crippling my Winter cabbage. I have 
sprayed with a commercial spray. Do 
you think tobacco dust would destroy the 
insects by dusting it on? w. G. 
Dobbs Ferry, N. Y. 
The so-called “green fly” is probably the 
common cabbage louse or cabbage aphid 
which is so abundant and injurious this 
season, especially in localities that are 
not having much rain. The lice increase 
enormously fast, and when so many tiny 
mouths on a leaf are sucking out the 
juices the leaf soon dries, withers and 
eventually dies. This insect infests cab¬ 
bages, turnips, cauliflower, radishes and 
other related plants. 
The aphid is a fairly easy one to kill 
if it can be actually hit. The great diffi¬ 
culty in spraying such low-growing plants 
as cabbages is to get the spray material 
on the under sides of the leaves where 
so many of the lice are at work. If even 
a few of the aphids are left on the plants 
they will soon increase and become as nu¬ 
merous as ever. It is therefore impera¬ 
tive to do thorough work, apply plenty of 
spray material, and hit all parts of the 
plants. 
Whale oil soap, or even ordinary laun¬ 
dry soap at the rate of 1 lb. to'eight gal¬ 
lons of water, will kill the lice. Black- 
leaf-40. a tobacco extract, at the rate of 
three-fourths of a pint to 100 gallons of 
water, with 5 lbs. of soap added to the 
mixture, is very efficient, and perhaps the 
most widely used substance for destroying 
lice on plants. Tobacco dusts contain¬ 
ing 5 per cent nicotine sulphate are very 
effective in killing the cabbage aphid. It 
is difficult to make this mixture at home, 
and one would best purchase it from a re¬ 
liable company. The “contact special,’ a 
1017 
tobacco dust manufactured for this work, 
has given good satisfaction when dusted 
on cabbages for the aphid. The method 
of application of these materials will de¬ 
pend on the size of the field to be treated 
and on the equipment available. A power 
sprayer or duster for large fields is neces¬ 
sary, while for smaller areas hand dusters 
and sprayers may be adequate. 
GLENN V. HERRICK. 
Building a Bee House 
Wlould you tell me how to make a bee 
house, as to size and doors, etc? G. G. 
Waterville, N. Y. 
I know of no rules for making a bee 
house, such buildings being of any con¬ 
venient size and constructed in any man¬ 
ner that suits the fancy of the builder. 
They may be as elaborately or as simply 
built as you wish, the essentials being that 
they be large enough to hold the colonies 
that it is wished to keep in them and give 
convenient working room. Except under 
unusual circumstances, the building of 
bee houses is not much favored by apiar¬ 
ists. They are expensive and present as 
many disadvantages, perhaps, as advan¬ 
tages over ordinary outdoor conditions in 
the manipulation of bees. 
For a discussion of bee houses I would 
suggest the article concerning them in 
"The A, B. C and X, Y Z of Bee Cul¬ 
ture.” by Root. Some of your bee-keep¬ 
ing friends will- have this volume, or you 
may be able to find it in a public library. 
The subject is treated there at much 
greater length than would be possible here 
and with illustrations that will help any¬ 
one intending to build. m. b. d. 
Mrs. Profiteer was very proud of her 
daughter’s connection with a smart pri¬ 
vate school. “My dear,” she said to her 
friend, ‘she’s learning civics, if you 
please.” “What’s civics?” asked the 
friend. “Civics? My dear, don’t you 
know? Why, it’s the science of inter¬ 
fering in public affairs.”—London Post. 
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