1112 
W* RURAL NEW-YORKER 
September 10, 1021 
and 
Dairy 
Live Stock 
The Silage Packer; a New Device 
Two weeks ago reference was made to 
a “silage packer” now coming into use in 
parts of the West. Several readers have 
expressed a desire to know more about 
this implement. The picture on this page 
is taken from the manufacturer’s circular. 
As will be seer, it represents a small 
gasoline engine so mounted on a roller 
that it moves around the silo, crushing 
or packing the silage down. It travels 
about one and one-half times around the 
silo each minute, thus slowly packing the 
silage down as it is thrown in at the top. 
It uses a four-horsepower engine, which 
can be removed for other uses when the 
silo is filled. This “packer” is started at 
the bottom of the silo, and of course it 
runs or mounts upward as the silo fills. 
At the end it is on top, and is then taken 
apart and lowered to the ground with a 
rope and pulley. The heaviest piece 
weighs 100 pounds. It is said that this 
tool does good service, working auto¬ 
matically and crushing the silage down 
so there are no empty spaces or air 
pockets. By this firm packing the capa¬ 
city of the silo is increased about 25 per 
cent, while of course the firmer silage 
will keep to better advantage. 
Cost of Milk Making 
I am about to close a contract on a 
butter proposition, therefore would like 
to consult you in regard to certain 
things. How much butter can I get from 
a cow that averages 10 quarts of milk 
per day, and how much for the year? 
What will it cost me to feed one cow or 
10 for one year, and how much for labor 
on one coav or 10? What is the worth 
of the skim-milk? M. K. 
Till son, N. Y. 
flows of different breeds and individ¬ 
uals of the same breed give milk with 
varying fat content. Hence some will 
give more fat and butter in a given period 
than others. To he able to tell exactly 
how much butter a cow giving 10 quarts 
of milk per day produces, one must know 
the fat test of that milk. Fat in milk is 
expressed in per cent. For example, a 
cow giving 10 quarts of 4 per cent milk 
gives in 100 lbs. of milk 4 lbs. butterfat. 
Ten quarts of milk weighs (10x2.15) 
21.5 lbs. Using the above example, we 
find the fat in 21.5 lbs. as follows: 
21.5x.04 (4 per cent) equals .80 lbs. fat. 
Butterfat is not the same as butter. 
When butter is made, water, salt and a 
little casein (curd) is incorporated with 
butterfat. Usually 100 lbs. butter will 
contain about 83.5 lbs. of butterfat. The 
16 5 lbs. represents what the butter-maker 
calls over-run. Under good conditions of 
butter making one can expect to get 10.5 
per cent, or about one-sixth more butter 
than there is fat in the milk. The follow- 
ing t: 
I'ble has 
been v 
worked out 
in this 
fashion for you 
r study 
. The fat tests are 
representative 
of the 
different In 
*e<*<ls of 
dairy 
cows. .T 
erseys ; 
ind Guernseys test 
higher 
than Ay 
M'shires 
and Ilolstf 
■ins. Iu 
this t; 
ibT, C (] 
luarts or 21.5 lbs. 
milk is 
the daily avera: 
ge. A j 
r early production is 
based 
on 300 d 
ays. 
Lbs. feit 
Lbs. butter¬ 
Butter in 
Tent 
Lbs. milk 
per day 
fat 
300 davs 
5.1 
21.5 
1.000 
1.270 
38.3.5 
5.0 
21.5 
1.07 
1.27 
381.0 
4.5 
21.5 
.07 
1.128 
338.5 
4.0 
21.5 
.80 
1.002 
300.5 
3.8 
21.5 
.815 
.05 
285.0 
3 0 
21.5 
.77 
.0 
270.0 
3.5 
21.5 
.75 
.875 
262.5 
The 
cost of 
keeping 
a cow for 
a year 
verages about $70 for teed and a > tor 
ibor. There are several incidentals, how- 
ver, that must be considered in the cost 
f keeping cows, such as housing, depre- 
iation, bedding, etc. The total cost after 
redit for manure and calf has been de¬ 
noted amounts to practically $130. 
Skim-milk is selling now at creameries 
>r 30 cents a 40-quart can. J. w. B. 
More Questions 
on Churning 
churn and worker 
ripe 
I am operating a 
for making both sweet and ripe cream 
butter from pure Ayrshire cream. Why 
does it take 45 minutes to get butter out 
of cream ripened as you specify on page 
804? Cream tests 30 to 35 per cent, and 
is churned at a temperature of 56 degrees 
F. in hot weather. Churn turns ‘30 to 
35 revolutions per minute. Why does it 
take 00 minutes or more with sweet 
cream at same temperature 
What would be a practical 
buttermilk in both of these 
Port Chester, N. Y. 
and speed? 
fat test of 
churnings? 
A. K. H . 
I should not consider your churning 
problems as being serious ones. It is a 
known fact that the fat fn.ni Ayrshires 
and Holsteins does not churn as readily 
as that from Guernseys and Jerseys. 
This may be due to the large size of the 
fat globules of the latter breeds. Ileuce 
the globules cohere more readily in the 
churning process than the smaller glob- 
bules of the other breeds. Cream testing 
35 to 40 per cent churns more 
as a rule, than thinner cream, 
can regulate the fat content 
readily, 
If you 
of your 
or sweet cream is nroKen ny 
ripening or pasteurizing. For this rea¬ 
son ripened cream churns more easily 
than sweet, cream. I should not say that 
the difference in churning time (15 min¬ 
utes) is extremely abnormal for ripened 
as against sweet cream. 
The fat test of buttermilk as deter¬ 
mined by the Babcock method varies to 
Fresh Paint and Milk; Selling Butter 
1. Would painting my dairy room in¬ 
jure the milk? I have to repaint this 
room and was afraid of the paint smell 
getting into the milk. If so, how could I 
go about it, as I must separate in the 
room? I have but 25 quarts at a time to 
handle, which takes me only about 15 
minutes to separate, and as I could keep 
the milk covered while milking I thought 
it might not take any effect in that time. 
2. We are making more butter than we 
can use, and as I have already stored 
away about 150 lbs., would like to sell 
the surplus to private families. Would 
we have to have the regular health de¬ 
partment inspection or a permit of any 
kind to sell butter? ir a. d. 
White Plains, N. Y. 
1. You would be taking a chance on 
separating milk in a room that you are 
painting. You could, however, paint the 
room right after separating in the morn¬ 
ing, and then skim your milk for a day. 
or, if practical, move your separator. If 
you use a quick-drying paint, 24 hours 
should be ample time for it to dry. 
2. You have the right to sell your but¬ 
ter to anyone. The laws state that one 
must have a permit to sell butter substi¬ 
tutes. j. w. B. 
The Gasoline Silage Taclcer in Operation 
cream, raise it from 30 to 40 per cent, 
and see if it helps any. 
It is known that ripe or sour cream 
is less viscous than sweet cream. The 
some extent, depending upon 
ciency of the churning process, 
buttermilk should test between 
.70 per cent. 
the effi- 
Average 
.10 and 
J. w. B. 
“Now. Edwin, asked the teacher of the 
juvenile class, “what is the meal we eat. 
in the morning called?” “Oatmeal,” was 
the little fellow’s prompt reply.—New 
York Globe. 
A stone mason was on the witness 
stand describing the way in which he had 
been assaulted by the defendant. “He 
walked right into my yard and slammed 
me up against one of m.v tombstones,” 
the witness said. “Did he hurt you?” in¬ 
quired the court. “Hurt me?” roared the 
witness. “Why, I’ve got ‘sacred to the 
memory of’ stamped all down my back!” 
Credit Lost. 
Willys Light Proved 
Mechanically Perfect 
Mechanically Willys Light is built 
with the precision of a watch and the 
sturdiness of a tractor. The engine 
generator unit is simple, compact, re¬ 
liable, efficient and economical. It is 
made up of a Willys-Knight, sleeve- 
valve » air-cooled engine, a direct con¬ 
nected generator and a simplified 
control. All moving parts are en¬ 
closed. 
The Willys Light battery is of large 
capacity (240 ampere hours) assuring 
long life and abundance of power and 
light. It consists of sixteen cells of 
the sealed glass jar type and is ready 
for use when you receive it. 
. The air-cooled Willys-Knight en- 
gme burns kerosene, gasoline, gas, 
distillate or alcohol. There are no 
belts, no chains, no magneto, no 
radiator, no geared fan, no water 
pipes, no switchboard, no exposed 
terminals, no carburetor, no grease 
£“P?» n 9. springs, no valves. The 
w ‘“ys Light is semi-automatic—is 
self-cranking and self-stopping. Has 
only one place to oil and can be 
operated by a woman or child. 
In all, the Willys Light can be 
depended upon to furnish constant, 
ever-ready, efficient power and light 
service for your farm—any hour oi 
all of the twenty-four in a day. 
There is a size to fit your needs— 
as much or as little power as you 
may require. Prices are from 
$ 
UP TO $595 
New York Farmers, Listen! 
Willys Light Pays Its Own Way 
Time has given the proof. Every farm can now have all the 
advantages of electric light and power, because every farm can 
now afford Willys Light. 
Take the word of men who know — who live right in your 
own state—who speak from experience. 
Every Willys Light user in your state is satisfied—and more—with his in¬ 
vestment. These men know. They have found profit as well as comfort and 
convenience. They will tell you they would not think of doing without Willys 
Light. Ask them. We will send you their names. 
They will tell you there is no longer a question as to the practical utility of 
electric light and power—that Willys Light is the most needed addition to the 
American farm today—that it will give more actual returns and raise the standard 
of your home higher than any other assistance you can employ. 
Willys Light is not a novelty—not an imitation of city luxury—not an 
untried, unproved invention. It is built for constant, reliable, lifetime, 
practical electric service on your farm at the convenient touch of your finger— 
with no more personal attention for care and operation than you give 
to any other good farm machinery. 
Economical—Practical — Reliable 
Willys Light pumps the water for house, 
barn and garden—runs the cream separator, 
com sheller, grindstone, fanning mill, churn 
and washing machine—at less cost than the 
very cheapest labor. And there is light in the 
sheds, the barn, granary and garage for work 
or chores. And in the house there is the 
cheery, steady, wholesome illumination that 
makes the home happy—also the con¬ 
veniences for wife and mother that make life 
worth living on the farm. 
No matter where or what the size of your 
place, you should get complete Willys Light 
information and free estimate at once. There 
is a size to fit your farm—as many or as few 
lamps as you wish—as much or as little 
power as you need—at a price to meet your 
requirements to your profit. 
Telephone or call on the Willys Light 
dealer in your locality, or write to us for free 
catalog and illustrated information circulars 
today. Address Dept. 303, 
Desirable Dealer Territory Available 
WILLYS LIGHT DIVISION 
Electric Auto-Lite Corporation 
TOLEDO, OHIO 
Builders of over 2,500,000 electric lighting systems for farm homes; 
Gtores, yachts, Pullman cars and automobiles 
the 
Tower and Light with 
Quiet Knight 
