The RURAL. NEW-YORKER 
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General Farm Topics | jj 
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Oyster Shells or Hydrated Lime 
I can purchase ground oyster shell for 
$6.25, hydrated, $12.50 per ton ; ground 
limestone, $6. Which of these would 
possess the most virtue on sour land, and 
which is the more profitable to buy? 
Easton, Md. v. R. 
Ground oyster shells are worth more 
than ground rock for the shells, but for 
the mud adhering to them, are 100 per 
cent carbonate of lime, while any lime 
rock has a large percentage of other 
materials. But you must take into con¬ 
sideration that it takes double the amount 
of the ground shells or ground rock to 
equal a ton of the hydrated lime. You 
will have to pay double freight, double 
hauling, double spreading. But why buy 
the hydrated lime? When I was actively 
engaged in large farming operations I 
bought my lime direct from the kilns and 
unslaked. A carload was 440 bushels. I 
had to haul it five miles from the rail¬ 
road station. I piled it and turned the 
hose on it till it fell into a powder. Then 
I had nearly 900 bushels of the hydrated 
lime, and I had only freighted and hauled 
440 bushels. Why buy and freight the 
water? Pile it convenient to water and 
slake it, hydrate it with your own water 
supply. Then you will find that the 
burnt lime will be cheaper than either 
the ground shells or the ground rock. I 
am sure that you car?- ,b”*? lump lime 
in carloads in Baltimore County. The 
slaked or hydrated liifib used at rate of 
1.000 lbs. an ncre will make, in general, a 
better effect than a ton of the raw ground 
material. It will flocculate and mellow 
a clay, and will gather together and make 
more compact a sandy soil, and the 
ground material will do neither. You 
cannot make mortar with ground lime¬ 
stone. A correspondent writes that a 
fertilizer salesman told him that the 
farmers in Southern Maryland would use 
no acid phosphate, but that made by a 
certain manufacturer because they said he 
used ground shells as a “filler,” and they 
got lime and phosphoric acid at the same 
time. This man must have phosphate 
rock of extraordinary percentage of phos¬ 
phoric acid, for most manufacturers have 
to remove a large part of the natural 
filler in the shape of sulphate of lime to 
make the grade better in the dissolved 
article. Then the addition of calcium 
carbonate would revert the phosphoric 
acid and make it less available. It is 
well to remember that we use lime not 
as a direct fertilizer, but as a reagent to 
correct evil conditions in the soil, and as 
a protective influence against toxic wastes 
in the plants’ growth. w. F. massey. 
g ,- ow the Baldwin apples here as I saw 
them on the opposite side of the river 
from Grand Rapids some years ago. They 
ripen here too early and fall on the 
ground mainly. I would not hesitate to 
lime land and then use sulphate of am¬ 
monia. In fact, the sulphate will have 
a better effect on limed land. I would 
not care to mix it with lime, but in the 
soil the absorptive power of the soil would 
prevent any loss. The complete nitrifica¬ 
tion of the amount might set sulphuric 
acid free to attack the lime carbonate 
and change some of it to plaster or cal¬ 
cium sulphate. w. f. massey. 
Pittsburgh Wholesale Markets 
BUTTER 
Best creamery, 45 to 46c; common to 
good, 35 to 42c; rolls, 27 to 2Se. 
EGGS 
Select, 40 to 41c; common run, 35 to 
36c ; storage, 38 to 40c. 
LIVE POULTRY 
liens. 30 to 33c; chickens, 31 to 32c; 
ducks. 27 to 30c; geese, 27 to 35c; roost¬ 
ers, 16 to 17c. 
DRESSED POULTRY 
Hens, 40 to 41c; roosters. 20 to 21c; 
ducks, 40 to 45c; broilers, 39 to 40c. 
sjj* FRUITS 
Apples, new, bu., $2.50 to $2.75; musk- 
melons. bu., $2 to $2.50; pears, bu., $2.25 
to- '5; peaches, bu., $2.75 to $3. 
VEGETABLES 
Potatoes, 150 lbs., $4 to $5; sweet corn, 
bu., 75c to $1 ; cabbage, bbl.. $3 to $3.25; 
lettuce, bu., $2 to $2.50; carrots, bu., $1 
to $1.50; cucumbers, bu., $1 to $1.25; 
onions, 100 lbs., $3.50 to $4.25. 
IIAY AND STRAW 
Hay, No. 1 Timothy, $23 to $23.50; 
No. 2. $19 to $19.50; clover mixed, $20 
to $21. Straw, rye, $14 to $14.50; oat 
and wheat, $12.50 to $13.50. 
Philadelphia Wholesale Markets 
BUTTER 
P>est creamery, 43 to 44c; good to 
choice, 38 to 42c; lower grades, 35 to 37c ; 
packing stock, 28 to 30c. 
EGGS 
Best nearby, 52 to 53c; gathered, good 
to choice, 34 to 40c. 
LIVE POULTRY 
Broilers, 28 to 30c: roosters, 16 to 18c; 
fowls, 30 to 33c. 
DRESSED POULTRY 
Fowls, 30 to 35c; roosters, 20 to 22c; 
chickens, 29 to 33c; ducks, 27 to 28c. 
Melon Culture and Fertilizers 
On page 1012 Dr. Massey speaks of 
having no fruit on his melons and egg¬ 
plants ; too much nitrogen. When I plant 
peas in the early Spring I leave a space 
every five feet for melon seeds. I put 
acid phosphate all along the rows, and 
plant the melon seeds about the time the 
peas are well up. When the melon plants 
are up I place a little chicken manure 
around them. Then when the peas are 
off the melons get the ground. We are 
now enjoying some good Hoodoo melons. 
We spread fresh manure on the garden 
before plowing. Would Dr. Massey apply 
lime and sulphate of ammonia to his land 
the same year? Is there not danger of 
the lime setting free the ammonia? Early 
in June I applied seven pounds sulphate 
of ammonia to some large Baldwin apple 
trees that have a good crop, also two 
pounds to some Golden Drop peach trees 
with a full crop, and am watching the 
effect. I expect to pick the peaches early 
in September and the apples about two 
weeks later. Season is fully two weeks 
earlier than usual. j. s. 
Berrien Co., Mich. 
Doubtless in your climate your method 
of planting the melons will answer, but 
here, where the peas are planted in Feb¬ 
ruary and the cantaloupes in April, we 
prefer to put the melons in as a first 
crop, and follow them in August with 
spinach. The peas are off early in May; 
that is, the extra early varieties, and we 
follow them with sweet corn and late 
Irish potatoes. Our cantaloupes are now 
over, having done a little better towards 
the end. and the ground they occupied is 
now sown to spinach. I had a few Hoo¬ 
doo, but the main crop here on thousands 
< f acres is the salmon-tinted Pollock 
from Rocky Ford seed. I wish we could 
FRUITS 
Apples, bbl., $4 to $7; peaches, bu., 
$2 to $4; muskmelons, %-hu., 25c to 
$1.25. 
VEGETABLES 
Potatoes, %-bu. basket. 85c to $110; 
sweet potatoes, %-bu. basket, 40 to 90c; 
onions, 100 lbs., $1.50 to $4; cabbage, 
%-bu., 50 to 65c. 
IIAY AND STRAW 
Timothy, No. 2, $23 to $24; No. 3, 
$20 to $21; clover mixed. $20 to $21. 
Straw, rye, $18.to $20; wheat, $12 to $13. 
lbs of extra fine 
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