Th* RURAL NEW-YORKER 
1327 
Said 
the 
Farmer: 
Brown's 
Reg. U. S. Pat. Off. 
BeachJacket 
“Brown's Beach Jacket certainly fulfills 
all the claims you make for it. The cloth 
while thick is pliable, and readily adjusts 
itself to the form, making it a comfortable 
garment to wear.’* 
It is as warm as an overcoat, cheaper 
than a good sweater, wears like iron and can 
be washed. It comes coat without collar, 
coat with collar, and vest. 
ASK TOUR BEARER 
BROWN’S BEACH JACKET COMPANY 
k Worcester, Massachusetts > 
BIG MONEY SAVED 
by Sawing Wood with an 
Ireland Portable Sawing Machine 
IN VIEW OF RAILROAD 
STRIKE, BE PREPARED 
Ireland Machine & Foundry Co. 
NORWICH, N. Y. 
Wholesale Prices 
on 
Pipe and Fittings 
Save money on all standard water 
or steam pipe and fittings. Our 
prices from 20 to 35 per cent, less 
than you pay elsewhere. 
We not only save you money on 
pipe, fittings, valves and faucets, 
but also on pulleys, belting, ma¬ 
chine tools, eto. 
Before you buy, send for our prices. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. 
SMYTH-DESPARD CO. 
801 Broad St. Utica, N. Y. 
As low as 
BACKS THIS SAW 
Greatest Value 
Money Can Buy 
T«ro numbers. Our No. 0 1 
Portable Wood Saw, with 
capacity to 22 inches, is the 
lowest priced power saw 
# rame made. While our No. 4. 
vhich takes all sizes, offers 
bore value per dollar than you 
*ver expected. Guaranteed 
<one year. Money refunded if 
not satisfactory. Write for 
catalog; also wood-working - 
machinery catalog. 
HERTZLER & ZOOK CO. 
No. 5 Box 3 Belleville. Pa. 
prices beat them all. This 30-day I 
«■ ' ' i f sale means 
rr : - : : : : V ^ BIGG E R 
SggglilP^AVfNGSTHAN 
^E V ER .BUY SO IPj 
^DIRECT FROM FACTORY 
Freight Prepaid. ISO styles ot t 
T.'_-o rwl -sfOAl Pft«tA. I 
WILSON FEED MILL 
For grinding corn in the ear and 
•mall grain 
Has special crusher attachment 
which first breaks the ears of 
corn, which can be shoveled right 
into the hopper. Also Bone and 
Shell Mills and Bone Cutters. 
Send for Catalog 
WILSON BROS., Box IS Easton, Pa. 
When you write advertisers mention 
The Rural New-Yorker and you’ll set 
a quick reply and a “square deal.” See 
guarantee editorial page. i t t 
A Primer of Economics 
By John J. Dillon 
Part L 
What is economic rent? 
Economic rent is the price people are 
willing to pay for the annual use of land 
exclusive of buildings or other improve¬ 
ments of any kind. When population is 
sparse in a new country and there is more 
land available than is used or needed to 
supply the wants of the people, there is 
no rent. The lands yield just enough to 
pay the cost of cultivation, including 
enough to support the cultivator and his 
family in accordance with the accus¬ 
tomed standard of living in the neighbor¬ 
hood. When population increases and de¬ 
mands more food, prices of food increase 
because of the increased demand, and the 
land that just paid only for cultivation 
now pays more. The difference between 
what it produces now over and above 
what it produced before is economic rent. 
This is Ricardo’s law of rent: “The rent 
of land is determined by the excess of its 
produce over that which the same appli¬ 
cation can secure from the least produc¬ 
tive land in use.” The term commercial 
rent is sometimes used to indicate the 
payment for the annual use of land, 
buildings and improvements all together, 
as distinguished from economic rent, 
which applies to the land only. 
Does the landlord do anything to cre¬ 
ate economic rent? 
The landlord can do nothing as an indi¬ 
vidual to create economic rent. It comes 
into being whether he like it or not, and 
whether he wants it or not. It is created 
entirely by the needs of the people of the 
community, and it is paid by them. 
To whom does economic rent rightly 
belong? 
Since the community creates economic 
rent, it rightly belongs to the community. 
Since economic rent is created by the 
community and belongs to the community, 
why does it not go to the community? 
During the early stages of the develop¬ 
ment of private property, in land, com¬ 
munity expenses were not large, taxes 
were consequently light, and society did 
not distinguish between the things cre¬ 
ated by the individual and the things cre¬ 
ated by the community. The principle of 
economic rent was not understood, and 
the owner of land was allowed to absorb 
the economic rent which was created by 
the community as well as the products of 
the land which were created by them¬ 
selves. When population greatly in¬ 
creased and centered in cities, it was seen 
that families which owned much city land 
and natural gifts contingent on land, be¬ 
came enormously wealthy, and with the 
increase of taxes, investigation and study 
developed the law of rent. The general 
public, however, do not yet fully appre¬ 
ciate the importance to them of the dis¬ 
covery. City landlords, land speculators 
and those who monopolize mines and 
other natural gifts oppose any change. 
They have the advantage of a system long 
in use and public concern has not yet 
crystallized into effective demand that 
economic rent should go to the community 
to pay public expenses. 
On what grounds can a change of the 
system be justly demanded? 
The best justification of a social cus¬ 
tom or law is social welfare. That is the 
justification of private property in lands 
and products. What is just and equita¬ 
ble is always justified and always consis¬ 
tent with individual and public good. The 
community recognizes the right of the in¬ 
dividual to the things he produces or 
creates. The community creates economic 
rent and consequently it is rightfully en¬ 
titled to it. 
Does the law of rent apply to city land 
as well as to the cultivated land? 
The principle governing rent is the same 
in the use of. city lots as in agricultural 
lands; but the conditions in the city 
multiply the effects of the law. A city 
lot and a building may in a sparsely set¬ 
tled section of the city rent for just 
enough to pay for cost and upkeep of the 
building and the support of the store¬ 
keeper. When the population increases, 
the community builds roads and sewers 
and provides a water supply. It fur¬ 
nishes means of rapid and cheap trans¬ 
portation to the section in which the store 
is located. In consequence, population 
there increases rapidly. The store will 
(Continued on page 1329) 
Now 
just figure it out 
ANY way you like! 
Hi-Pett —Made to fit same as 
a leather shoe, but all rub¬ 
ber, water-tight, strong, light 
and durable. The extra high 
top makes it ideal for sports¬ 
men and for outdoor work 
in marshes or very muddy 
places. The Pennsy is a 
similar shoe, but with a 
lower top. 
Four Buckle Arctic —For wear 
over leather shoes. Fleece 
lined, warm, light and dura¬ 
ble. Ideal for cold weather 
wear. 
'Top Sawyer —A cold weather 
rubber shoe with bellows 
tongue, making it absolutely 
water - and - weather * proof. 
Made full and wide to wear 
over woolen socks. The Hi- 
Top is a similar shoe in the 
extra high top like a leg¬ 
ging and made full and wide 
for heavy socks. 
Look for this green oval 
when you want satisfaction. 
‘/^lOLD weather is nearly here. Mud, 
\^A snow and sleet mean wet, cold feet 
for outdoor men unless their feet are 
adequately protected. Leather shoes are 
not weather-proof and they wear out 
rapidly in mean weather. Colds, rheu¬ 
matism and other troubles come from 
wet, cold feet. What are you going to 
wear this year? 
“Here’s a line of rubber boots, shoes 
and arctics that has been especially de¬ 
signed for protection and foot comfort. 
Snag-Proof Rubber Footwear is abso¬ 
lutely water-and-weather-proof. The 
special steam cured in vacuum process 
makes them exceptionally long wearing, 
strong and sturdy. 
“We’ve got just exactly the type rubber 
boot, shoe or arctic that will answer your 
every need. Here is the famous Snag- 
Proof short boot that has been preferred 
by outdoor men for over fifty years. It 
is particularly comfortable, snug-fitting, 
light and springy—ideal for general use 
where there is lots of mud or wet 
weather. Other models are illustrated 
and described on the left of this page. 
Come in to see them—you’re always 
welcome. 
(i Signed ) Your Snag-Proof Dealer” 
Look up the Snag-Proof dealer in your 
town. Tell him the kind of outdoor work 
you do and let him help you select a 
Snag-Proof model that will save you 
money and please your feet. He'll be 
glad to help you, for Snag-Proof dealers 
are primarily interested in satisfied cus¬ 
tomers. They could sell you rubber foot¬ 
wear that would give them a larger profit 
—but it would not make them such warm 
friends and boosting customers. They 
know it pays to please—and Snag-Proof 
always pleases. Try it. 
LAMBERTVILLE RUBBER COMPANY 
Lambertville, New Jersey 
“SNA g ProoF” 
UubheiFoolwectP 
