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Live Stock Matters 
Conducted By Prof. F. C. Minkler 
Feeding a Grade Herd 
I have a small herd of grade Jerseys 
and Guernseys, averaging S lbs. per milk¬ 
ing. I would like to have you give me a 
balanced ration from the feeds available 
cornmeal. ground oats, 
beet pulp. I have fair 
cornstalks for roughage. 
A. J. R. E. 
here: Bran, 
gluten, oilmeal, 
mixed hay and 
Pennsylvania. 
For a herd of grade Jersey and Guern¬ 
sey cows yielding approximately 16 lbs. 
of milk per day, where mixed hay and 
cornstalks are available as roughage, I 
would suggest the following: Corn or 
hominy meal, 300 lbs.; bran, 200 lbs.; 
ground oats, 150 lbs.; gluten feed, 200 
lbs.: oilmeal. 150 lbs. 
In addition, I should feed the animals 
3 or 4 lbs. daily of dry beet pulp, after 
it had been soaked with water 12 hours 
previous to feeding. This carbohydrate 
carrier is rich in mineral matter and will 
take the place of silage. No doubt your 
production would be substantially in¬ 
creased in case you could feed some Al¬ 
falfa or clover hay as roughage. 
Feeding Farm Stock 
I would like advice as to feeding my 
horses, cattle and poultry this Winter. I 
have Alfalfa hay, mixed with a small 
amount of grass; also a lot of oat straw, 
good and bright, which I would like to 
at noon, and the major portion of the 
roughage at night. A 1.000-lb. horse do¬ 
ing regular work should be allowed about 
1 V -2 lbs. of grain daily to each 100 lbs 
of live weight; hence a 1,000-lb. draft 
horse would require about 15 lbs. of grain 
and 10 lbs. of roughage per day. 
2. For cows in milk use Alfalfa hay 
morning and evening, and permit the cows 
to have all of the corn fodder that they 
will sort over and eat during the middle 
of the day. A grain ration consisting of 
100 lbs. ground buckwheat. 300 lbs. corn 
and cob meal, 250 lbs. cottonseed meal. 
50 lbs. oilmeal. would give you good re¬ 
sults. This is intended for cows in milk, 
and 1 lb. of the mixture should produce 
Sy 2 lbs. of milk. For the dry cows I 
should use a mixture consisting of equal 
parts of corn and cob meal, ground oats 
and barley, wheat bran and oilmeal. Feed 
the animals generously of this mixture in 
order that they may put on flesh during 
their rest period. The dry cows should be 
given some of the Alfalfa hay, and al¬ 
lowed as much straw or corn fodder as 
they will consume. If you do not have 
enough silage to carry you through the 
Winter (and you can figure that you 
should feed 3 lbs. of silage daily for each 
100 lbs. live weight of the animal) then I 
would suggest that the silage he supple¬ 
mented with moistened beet pulp. When 
these two materials are available the ani¬ 
mals are well supplied with succulent 
matter. 
3. Equal parts of cracked corn, whole 
wheat, buckwheat and whole oats con¬ 
stitute an ideal scratch feed. It will be 
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Price $1.50 
For Sale By 
The Rural New - Yorker 
333 West 30th St., New York 
O. I. C. Boar Mammoth Master 
opu 
feed a considerable amount, 4 1 /> acres of 
food corn stover with the ears removed. 
I have about 45 bn. of buckwheat, 350 
bu. of ear corn and 400 bu. of oats and 
barley. 1. Would it be all right to feed 
horses oat straw with the Alfalfa hay, 
and when and in what quantities would 
you feed while working; also when idle? 
2. What grains and quantity would be 
advisable to feed when working; also 
when idle? I would like to use my own 
grain as much as possible, without hav¬ 
ing to purchase any more than really 
necessary. In regard to milk cows, when 
milking, also when dry, tell me what ra¬ 
tions to use for each, and quantity. I 
have a silo 12x30, full of good silage; 
would like to save as much as possible of 
it for Summer feeding. I am feeding 
poultry Cornell dry mash and would like 
to know how to combine these grains I 
have mentioned in the proper proportion 
for scratch grains, and in what quantity 
to feed to 100 Barred Rocks. j. c. C. 
Marcellas, N. Y. 
1. Alfalfa hay in conjunction with oat 
straw can be safely fed to either idle or 
working horses. It would not be an easy 
matter to mix the Alfalfa and oat straw 
and feed this combination advantageous¬ 
ly ; lienee it is recommended that you feed 
Alfalfa hay one day and oat straw the 
next day to your horse. Usually it is safe 
to figure that a 1.000-lb. horse will con¬ 
sume about 1 lb. of roughage for each 
100 lbs. of live weight. Of course, it 
will require about twice as much straw to 
satisfy the animals as Alfalfa hay. for 
they are very apt to pick over the straw 
and waste a considerable portion of it. 
Idle horses might be given all of the 
straw that they will consume, and fed, in 
addition, enough corn and oats to keep 
them in the desired condition. Irregu¬ 
larly worked horses are the most difficult 
to feed and care for, and it is good judg¬ 
ment to reduce the grain ration to one- 
half on idle days, and to continue the 
regular allowance of hay or straw. Much 
will depend upon the condition of the 
animals, and the degree of work that they 
are subjected to. A mixture consisting of 
five parts oats, three parts bran and two 
parts corn or barley would give good re¬ 
sults. I should feed the grain to the idle 
horses twice daily, morning and evening, 
and give the bulk of the roughage during 
the middle of the day. Horses doing reg¬ 
ular work should be fed three times a 
day. The bulk of the grain should be fed 
necessary for you to provide a mash in 
addition to the scratch feed. A popular 
formula consists of equal parts of corn- 
meal. wheat bran, gluten feed, wheat 
middlings and meat scrap or tankage. 
During the Winter the birds will consume 
about equal amounts of each mixture. 
They should be allowed free access to the 
mash and given enough of the scratch feed 
to keep them in good condition. 
A Fine O. I. C. 
We breed for a type that is most de¬ 
sirable from every angle. We aim to 
breed only the quick-maturing, big. smooth 
type, that have extra good bone, good 
arched backs, good, deep, broad hams, and 
full shoulders, deep sides, and a short 
head. We breed only the type broad be¬ 
tween the eyes, and have the ears where 
they should be, instead of the middle x>f 
the bod' r . We consider the O. I. C. to be 
one of the best breeds, if not the best hog 
bred today, for the reason that they are 
strong and robust of constitution, and as 
a consequence remarkably immune to dis¬ 
ease. They are most prolific, and produce 
pigs that are vigorous and live under con¬ 
ditions that would kill an ordinary pig. 
The meat is fine in grain, tender, and of 
the best of flavor. . When dressed the 
clean, pure, white skin makes an attrac¬ 
tive appearance, and is preferred by the 
consumer to that of the dark, unclean ap- 
nearance of the dark-skinned animal. 
The picture shows our senior herd boar. 
Mammoth Master 04744. showing a well- 
grown 12-year-old boy riding him. This 
will give you some idea as to the size and 
type of this wonderful boar at 22 months 
Of age. AV. AV. AVEIMAN. 
Penns.vlvana. 
R- N.-Y.—This is a fine animal, but 
do. vou think it a good plan to encourage 
children to make free with boars and 
bulls ? Many of these animals are natur¬ 
ally gentle and kind, and under ordinary 
conditions would not injure a child. We 
have known of several accidents resulting 
from such familiarity, and doubt the Avis- 
dom of encouraging it. 
December 24, 1921 
A statement was noticed recently that 
beet pulp at .$33 per ton is as cheap as 
mixed hay at $20 per ton. IIow about 
that? m. T. A. 
It would depend entirely upon the qual¬ 
ity of hay available. A prominent distrib¬ 
utor of beet pulp has suggested that 6 
lbs. of beet pulp might easily replace 10 
lbs. of Timothy hay in a ration for milk- 
cows. It could not replace Alfalfa hay as 
a roughage, especially for high-producing 
animals. I should question the advisa¬ 
bility of replacing more than 50 per cent 
of the mixed hay with beet pulp. In any 
event, the pulp should be moistened 12 
hours before feeding. Based upon total 
digestible units, beet pulp at $33 per ton 
would, be equivalent to mixed hay at $18 
per ton. As to whether your grain ra¬ 
tion might be improved would depend en¬ 
tirely upon the quality of mixed feed that 
you are using 
I 
know 
Combining Dairy Ration 
have the following feeds, but do not 
how to mix them for best results: 
Corn-and-eob meal. 
lbs.; corn gluten 
Feeding a Family Cow 
I keep a family cow, buying all of the 
feed. With hay at $30 to $35 per ton 
and dried be»t pulp at $30 per ton, how 
much of the latter will it be economical 
to feed? For grain I am feeding a ready 
mixed ration. Can I improve on that? 
meal, 150 lbs.; cottonseed meal, 125 lbs.; 
oilmeal. 100 lbs.; bran. 250 lbs., with 
plenty of good silage. Red-top and Timo¬ 
thy hay. oat straw and cornstalks. 
Kirkville, N. Y. c. u. 
With the materials mentioned, inas¬ 
much as you have silage, mixed hay, 
straw and cornstalks for roughage, 1 
should combine the concentrates in tin* 
following proportions: 375 lbs. corn-and- 
eob meal. 150 lbs. gluten feed. 125 lbs. 
cottonseed meal, 100 lbs. oilmeal. 250 
lbs. bran. You will find that the cows 
will require about 3 lbs. of silage and 1 
lb. of roughage for each 100 lbs. of live 
weight per day, and it would be Avell to 
let them have free access to the oat 
straw and cornstalks. It is possible that 
you will find gluten feed more economical 
than the cottonseed meal. If so, you can 
use 300 lbs. of gluten feed and leave out 
the cottonseed meal. 
Supplementing Silage 
I have 11 grade Holstein cows, from 
three to six years old, due to freshen next 
March and April, averaging about 20 lbs. 
of milk per day. I wish to keep them pro¬ 
ducing as long as possible this Winter, 
but am ]oav on both bay and silage. I am 
feeding the following mixture: 300 lbs. 
bran. 200 lbs. cornmeal. 200 lbs. gluten. 
100 lbs. cottonseed, about 1 lb. for each 
-Vn lbs. of milk. Can I cut down on my 
silage, supplementing with dried beet pulp, 
and if so, how shall I feed Avith the above 
mixture, and Iioav much? Is the mixture 
I am using all right? j. d. k. 
In vieAv of the fact that your cows are 
approaching the end of their lactation 
period, I should deem it expedient to add 
150 lbs. of cornmeal and 50 lbs. of cotton¬ 
seed to the mixture you are iioav feeding. 
Ibis is based upon the suggestion that 
you will supplement the silage remaining 
with some moistened beet pul]), and will 
thus be able to cut doAvn slightly on tin 
roughage, of which you are short. A 
peculiar situation prevails so far as rough- 
ages and concentrates are concerned 
Such products as corn and bran that have 
a relatively high energy value cost less 
per ton than Alfalfa, or even Timothy 
hay. For this reason the dairy farmer 
has. no excuse for stinting his cows with 
grain this Winter. I am using the in¬ 
creased amounts of corn and cottonseed 
mea 1 for the purpose of putting on some 
added flesh, and, furthermore, these two 
products are relatively cheap at this time. 
You ought to be able to get at least 31 /, 
lbs. of milk for each pound of grain sup'- 
plied. especially with the ration that vou 
are now leeding, since it is narroAv and 
correspondingly high in protein. You 
will find that 1 lb. of beet pulp will re- 
quire 4 or 5 lbs. of water for complete 
saturation, and that this material will in¬ 
crease the palatability and succulence of 
your ration, in case it is moistened for 
12 hours previous to being fed. 
Cheapening a Dairy Ration 
.}, Vhat would be the cheapest ration for 
milk coavs ! I have silage. Following are 
pnees of grain at this place: Gornmeal. 
loo.- 1 n C °i t0nSeed me 2 1 ' $ 2 -75; gluten, 
82.2.) .barley sprouts. $1.50; bran, 81 30- 
ground oats. $1.65; oilmeal. $2.50 " ‘ ’ 
Fulton, N. Y. ’ * 
Based 
R. FI. 
upon prices that you have quot¬ 
ed, cornmeal. 43 per cent cottonseed meal 
gluten and bran are the cheapest feeds to 
utilize m your dairy ration. With bran 
selling for $26 a ton you could ill afford 
to use ground oats at $32 a ton. although 
it would seem that $45 a ton for gluten 
meal is clearly out of range under exist¬ 
ing market values. Malt sprouts at 830 a 
ton would be cheaper than the ground 
oats at Sol. especially if they carry as 
much protein as you have indicated. With 
silage available, and assuming that vou 
have either Alfalfa or clover hav, I Avould 
suggest that the cows be fed 1'lb. of hav 
and .. lbs. of silage daily for each 100 lbs 
of live weight, and that they be accom¬ 
panied by a grain ration made as fol¬ 
lows: .,00 lbs. cornmeal. 200 lbs. cotton¬ 
seed meal. 200 lbs. gluten feed. 150 lbs. 
malt sprouts. 150 lbs. bran. The amount 
of gram fed should be based upon the 
daily production of each cow. One pound 
of grain should produce at least 3 lbs of 
milk. It would 'be Avell to add 2 lbs of 
salt for each 100 lbs. of grain fed. and to 
allow the animals free access to either 
cornstalks or mixed hay in case 
not meet all their demands for 
with clover hay or Alfalfa. 
you oan- 
roughago 
