ICELANDIC REVOLUTION. 335 
they might be compelled to exercise their public 
functions: the sixteenth article has for its object 
the upholding of the new governor by forbidding 
all irreverence towards his person : in the seven¬ 
teenth and last it is observed that laws and 
regulations shall remain as before until the new 
constitution is established, except # that it is per¬ 
mitted for every Icelander to proceed from place 
to place, and to trade wherever and in whatever 
manner he pleases, without having passports from 
Amptmend or other authorities; and it is de¬ 
creed that all sentences and acts of condemnation 
must be signed by Mr. Jorgensen, before they 
can be put in execution. 
* This exception does not at all meet the approbation of 
Count Tramp, who observes, that it is very favorable for 
“ malefactors and suspicious persons.” But the Tatsroed 
goes farther, and says that, “ the permission granted to 
ramble without a passport along the country is a circum- 
“ stance unheard of in other places, and affords very good 
“ opportunity to robbers, murderers, troops of thieves, and 
“ criminals of all sorts to commit mischiefs and crimes un- 
punished!” Mr. Jorgensen, however, considers it a just 
and necessary clause, for, according to the old laws, no 
person could remove from one district to another without 
a written permission from an officer; in consequence of 
which it frequently happened, that this officer would not 
grant a passport, without the peasant promised to buy the 
necessary supplies for his family from some particular factor, 
by which he perhaps might be compelled to pay double what 
would be asked by others. 
