168 LAND AND FRESH-WATER M0LLUSKS. 
This elegant species is local, and chiefly con¬ 
fined to the southern counties in England, reach¬ 
ing the limit of its northern distribution in 
Hulne Woods, Alnwick; it is rare in Ireland. 
0. laminata is especially met with in woods on a 
limestone soil; it is gregarious on the trunks of 
beech and other trees, during the night and 
after rain. 
The eggs of this snail are very large in pro¬ 
portion to the animal, and are deposited among 
decaying wood in the autumn, to the number of 
ten or twelve; the young appear at the end of 
twenty days, and do not attain the adult state 
until the end of the second year. 
Clausilxa rugosa —{the Rugose Close Shell) 
(PL IXo, fig. 91).—This species is also known 
under the names of C . nigricans and C . perversa ; 
it is the commonest of the Clausilice , and lives on 
walls, about rocks, and under stones, and on the 
trunks of beech and ash in woods. 
The shell is more or less fusiform or spindle- 
shaped, of about half an inch in length, and com¬ 
posed of nine or ten, and not unfrequently twelve 
or thirteen whorls ; the colour varies from a very 
pale greyish-white to a deep reddish-brown; 
greenish-white specimens are of rare occurrence; 
the shell is streaked with lines of grey, and stri¬ 
ated obscurely or prominently in different indi¬ 
viduals. The peristome is thickened, detached 
