Spirifer. 
MOLLUSCA. 
113 
60 . Spirifer elongata -The Elongated Spirifer, pi. 
LII. fig. 3. 
Spirifera elongata . Phillips, II. p. 220, pi. 11, fig. 9. 
Elongated, somewhat pentaedral, sides nearly fiat, smooth; 
with numerous, rather broad, depressed, longitudinal radiations; 
a shallow mesial furrow; base fiat, and straight. 
Mountain Limestone, Bolland. 
Section VI.—Filos.e _Surface with prominent, radi¬ 
ating, thread-like stride. 
61. Spirifer resupinata. —The Resupient Spirifer, pi. 
LII. fig. 6. 
Spirifera resupinata . Phillips, II. p. 220, pi. 11, fig. 1. 
Transversely elliptical; umbones small, approximate; upper 
valve depressed in the middle; lower valve concave, and undu¬ 
lating; surface covered with numerous, fine, longitudinal, diver¬ 
gent stria?, which at intervals rise into prominent spinous lines. 
Mountain Limestone, Dowall, near Buxton, Derbyshire; 
Bolland, Greenhow Hill, Hawes, and Otterburn. 
62. Spirifer radialis —The Radiating Spirifer, pi. LII. 
fig. 8. 
Spirifera radialis. Phillips, II. p. 220, pi. 11, fig. 5. 
Semielliptical, greatly elongated transversely, its width being 
upwards of three times its length ; hinge line nearly parallel; 
base semicircular; whole surface covered with strong, divergent 
ribs, with intervening smaller ones, crossed by imbricated 
lamella); umbones obtuse. 
Mountain Limestone, Cumberland and Florence Court. 
63. Spirifer glabistria. —The Smooth-striated Spirifer, 
pi. LII. fig. 7. 
Spirifera glabistria. Phillips, II. p. 220, pi. 10 , fig. 19* 
Transversely oblong ; umbones obtuse, approximating ; sur¬ 
face with fine, longitudinal, radiating stria); mesial fold pro¬ 
duced. 
The Mountain Limestone, Bolland. 
SUPPLEMENTARY SECTION. 
64. Spirifer iieteroclitus. —The Heterocitical Spirifer, 
pi. LII * fig. 17, 18, 19. 
Spirifer heterocliticus. Phillips, Pal. Fos. p. 72, pi. 29, fig. 
125. 
Acutely pyramidal, or converging on four faces to the pointed 
umbo of the lower valve, the widest area of the four being that 
under the beak; the smaller valve forming a rounded base to 
the shell; foramen very long, narrow, and frequently obtect; 
mesial fold broad, and well defined in the larger valve, with 
four or five lateral, obtuse, radiating plaits, provided with trans¬ 
verse striae; beaks in some specimens are bent irregularly back¬ 
ward or forward. 
Found at Barton, Newton, and South Devon. 
65. Spirifer speciosus. — The Handsome Spirifer, pi. 
LII.* fig. 24, 25. 
Spirifer speciosus. Schloth, pi. 16, fig. 1. Spirifer costata , 
Phillips, Pal. Fos. p. 77, pi. 30, fig. 134. Sowerby, Geo. Trans. 
V. 2nd series, pi. 55, fig. 5, 6. 
Transversely elongated, fusiform, convex, with broad, pro¬ 
minent, divergent ribs, five or six on each side of the umbones, 
where there arc two approximate and more elevated than the 
others; lower valve with a deep and broad depression, circum¬ 
scribed by two strong ribs; cardinal area broad, with parallel 
margins. Length hardly a sixth of its width. 
In soft Slate-stone at Fowey, and in hard Blue Slate at Looe 
and Tintagel, also at Hope, Ogwell, and Berry. 
66 . Spirifer biloba. —The Two-lobcd Spirifer, pi. LII.* 
fig. 20, 21, 22. 
Terebratula sinuata. Sowerby, Linn. Trans. XII. p. 516, 
pi. 28, fig. 5, 6 . Spirifer sinuatus , Sowerby, Sil. Syst. p. 630, 
pi. 13, fig. 10 . 
Obcordate, deeply bilobate, eared, and longitudinally striated; 
larger valve more convex than the smaller, with an incurved 
beak ; hinge area triangular. Length and breadth three lines 
and a half. 
Found in the Wenlock Shale at Hay Head and Malvern. 
67. Spirifer giganteus.— The Gigantic Spirifer, pi. LII.* 
fig- 23. 
Spirifer giganteus. Sowerby, Geo. Trans. V. 2 nd series, pi. 
55, fig. 1, 2, 3, 4. Phillips, Pal. Fos. p. 219? pi. 30, fig. 130. 
Convex, sides cuspidate, and with numerous, divergent, radi¬ 
ating ribs, emanating from the umbones, nine or ten of which 
are more prominent in front, which is deeply cmarginated; with 
somewhat conspicuous, concentric lines of growth crossing the 
ribs. Frequently attaining nine inches in width. 
Found at Tintagel and Petherwin. 
68 . Spirifer striatulus. —The Striated Spirifer, pi. LII.* 
fig. 26 . 
Atrypa polygramma. Sowerby, Sil. Syst. p.637, pi. 21, fig. 
4 a. Terebratula striatula y Schloth, pi. 15, fig. 4. 
Transversely obovate; valves unequally convex, the lower 
one with a wide, shallow, longitudinal canal along the middle; 
sides with numerous, fine, radiating stria), increasing as they 
approach the sides and base of the valves. Length and breadth 
about an inch. 
Found in the Lower Silurian Rocks at Powis Castle. 
69* Spirifer radiatus.— The Rayed Spirifer, pi. LII.* 
fig. 27, and fig. 60, var. 
Spirifer radiatus. Sowerby, Sil. Syst. p. 625, pi. 12, fig. 6 . 
Ib. p. 638, pi. 21, fig. 5, var. 
Larger valve with the umbo much produced, and an incur- 
vccted beak; hinge area subtriangular; lesser valve with a 
double produced rib in the centre, and an intermediate furrow ; 
whole surface with numerous, somewhat irregular, divergent 
striae. Length fourteen lines; width sixteen lines; each valve 
six lines in depth. 
Sowerby considers this as identical with S. lincatus , pi. L. fig. 6, 7, 
but its greatly produced beak and general contour at once point it out as 
separate. Fig. fiO is a variety with straight beaks. 
Found in the Dudley and Wenlock Limestone at Abberley 
Lodge, Dudley, Wenlock, and Tynewidd, Caermarthenshire. 
70. Spirifer piial^ena —The Moth-like Spirifer, pi. LII.* 
fig. 28. 
Spirifera plialcena. Phillips, Pal. Fos. p. 71 1 pb 28, fig. 123. 
Transversely elongated, the sides rounded; larger valve with 
a deep, broad, mesial furrow ; surface with regular, equidistant, 
small ridges, and shallow intermediate furrows; beak produced. 
2 f 
