Cardinia. 
CONCHIFERA. 
213 
Sab-orbicular; beaks nearly central; sides sloping almost 
equally ; surface with many strong concentric ridges; external 
edge with large prominent crenulations. 
The Coral Crag, Sutton. 
Genus XXXVII.—CARDINIA.— Agassiz. 
Shell transverse, elliptical, equivalve, inequilateral, thick ; 
hinge very strong, with one oblique, thickened, cardinal tooth 
in the right valve, and a pit for its reception in the left valve; 
anterior lateral tooth in the right valve obtusely conical; the 
posterior tooth in the left valve elongated, and attenuated to¬ 
wards the umbo ; right valve with a flattened fold lying paral¬ 
lel to the ligament, and divided obliquely near the umbo by a 
faint groove ; from the anterior extremity of this fold a de¬ 
pression extends beneath the lunule, in front of the anterior 
lateral tooth, with a corresponding elevation ; umboncs closely 
approximating; muscular impressions deep; pallial impres¬ 
sions entire, deeply defined, and destitute of a sinus; ligament 
external, situate in a deep, marginal, dorsal sinus. 
1 . Cardinia abducta. —The Distant Cardinia,pi. LXXIV. 
fig. 9. 
Pachyodon alducta. Stutchbury, Ann. Nat. Hist. 1842, p. 
484, pi. 10 , figs. 9, 10 . Unio abductus. Phillips, Geo. York, 
I. p. 127, pi. 11, fig. 42. 
Sub-trigonal, inflated; beaks small and approximating; 
anteriorly produced, nearly central, and considerably turned 
to one side; lunule cordato; surface smooth, with a fow ro- 
mote, nearly obsolete transverse lines of growth. 
The Inferior Oolite, Duudry and Yorkshire; and the Lias, 
Cheltenham. 
2. Cardinia cuneata. —The Wedge-shaped Cardinia, pi. 
LXXXVIII. figs. 3, 4. 
Pachyodon cuneata . Stutchbury, Ann. Nat. Ilist. VIII. 
Suppt. p. 484-9, figs. 10, 11. 
Sub-triangular, cuneiform ; beaks acute, with a deep cordi- 
form lunule under them ; anterior side short, rounded ; poste¬ 
rior side long, acute; surface covered with numerous, nearly 
equidistant, and rather deeply defined transverse furrows. 
The Lias, Frethern, Gloucestershire. 
3 . Cardinia imbricata. —The Imbricated Cardinia. 
Pachyodon imbricatus. Stutchbury, An. Nat. Hist. VIII. 
Suppt. p. 483, pi. 9, figs. 5, 6 . 
Sub-triangular,with numerous transverse, imbricated, deeply 
defined ribs; beaks acute, with a heart-shaped lunule ; basal 
line slightly bent. 
In the Lias, on the banks of the Severn, Gloucestershire; 
and at Bridport, Somersetshire. 
4 . Cardinia attenuata. —The Attenuated Cardinia, pi. 
LXXXVIII. fig. 20. 
Cuneiform, transverse; posterior sido considerably elong¬ 
ated and attenuated ; anterior side rounded, and of medium 
length; beaks rather acute, but not inflected; lunule small 
and deep; basal line rather arcuated ; breadth of the shell 
once and a half its length. 
In the Lias at Battledown, near Cheltenham. 
This species has much the aspect of a Unio, but the teeth at once point 
out its connection with the present genus. 
5. Cardinia ovalis. —The Oval Cardinia, pi. LXXXVIII. 
figs. 11, 12. 
Pachyodon ovalis. Stutchbury, Ann. Nat. Hist. VIII. 
Suppt. p. 485, pi. 10, figs. 17, 18, 19. 
Elliptical, transverse; beaks obtuse, approximate ; lunule 
small and narrow ; autorior sido rounded ; posterior side a 
little attenuated and sub-acuto ; back and basal margin arcu¬ 
ated ; external surface with irregular, concentric, rather shal¬ 
low lines of growth. 
Tho Lias, Frethern, Gloucestershire. 
6 . Cardinia lanceolata. —The Spear-shaped Cardinia, 
pi. LXXXVIII. figs. 18, 19. 
Pachyodon lanceolata. Stutchbury, Ann. Nat. Hist. VIII. 
Suppt. p. 484, No. 8. 
Lanceolate, thick, transverse ; anterior side short and round¬ 
ed ; posterior sido very long and produced ; hinge-line nearly 
straight; beaks obtuse ; lunulo small and narrow ; back and 
basal line arcuated; external surface with irregular, concen¬ 
tric, well-defined lines of growth. 
The Lias, Scarborough. 
This is nearly allied to P. attenuate, , but differs in the posterior side 
being more acute, in tho hinge-line being straighter, and in its superior 
thickness. Its external contour has much the form of a true Unio. 
7 . Cardinia Listeri. —Listor’s Cardinia, pi. LXXIV. f. 20. 
Pachyodon Listeri. Stutchbury, Ann. Nat. Hist. VIII. p. 
482, pi. 9, figs. 1, 2. Unio Listeri. Sowerby, II. p. 123, pi. 
154, figs. 1, 3, 4. 
Hoari-shaped, somewhat wedge-shaped, thick; beaks de¬ 
pressed, recurved, acute, and nearly central ; lunule rather 
deep but small; back considerably rounded; base with a 
slight flexure ; surface with sub-imbricated, concentric ridges, 
and somewhat flattened on the disk ; length and breadth nearly 
equal. 
The Inferior Oolite, Durham and Norfolk ; the Lias, Fre¬ 
thern, Gloucestershire, and Battlodown, near Cheltenham. 
8 . Cardinia concinna. —Tho Neat Cardinia, pi. LXXIV. 
fig. 4. 
Unio concinnus. Sowerby, III. p. 43, pi. 223. 
Transversely oblong-ovate; beaks small, rather pointed, 
and approximate; hinge-line a little curved; anterior side 
short, somewhat narrowed; posterior sido lengthened and 
rounded; surface smooth, with transverse, nearly rogular, 
somewhat sharp wrinkles and intervening lines ; cardinal teeth 
small; lateral tooth large and long; back and base gently 
curved ; muscular impressions very deep. 
Tho Inferior Oolite, Croprcdy, near Bambury, Oxfordshire. 
9. Cardinia scutela. —The Scuttle-shaped Cardinia, p. 
LXXXVIII. figs. 13, 14. 
Pachyodon concinna. Stutchbury, Ann. Nat. Hist. VIII. 
p. 485, pi. 10, fig. 15. Unio concinnus. Goldfuss, pi. 132, f. 2. 
Much elongated transversely; compressed; beaks obtuse 
and approximate ; bingc-liuo gently curved; lunulo long and 
very narrow ; anterior side short and rounded; posterior side 
lengthened, and somewhat acute; back and base moderately 
arcuated ; tho point of the basal line a little turned up behind ; 
surfaco smooth, with nearly equidistant lines of growth, and 
intervening shallow lines. 
