Sanguinolaria. 
CONCH IFERA. 
219 
G en us XLV.—SA NGUINOL A RIA.— Lamarck. 
Shell equivalvo, inequilateral, transverse, sub-elliptical, or 
ovate ; sometimes transversely oblong, compressed, and for the 
most part thin, and generally covered with a glossy, olivaceous 
epidermis; length of the two sides of each valve varying in 
different species, and gaping at both extremities ,* margins 
generally rounded, but not parallel to each other ; both valves 
provided with two cardinal teeth, but destitute of lateral teeth ; 
ligament external, the fulcrum or space to which it is attached 
generally prominont; two very irregularly shaped, lateral, 
muscular impressions in each valve, pallial impressions with a 
largo sinus. 
1. Sanguinolaria attenuata. — Attenuated Sanguino- 
laria, pi. XC. fig. 11. 
S. attenuata. Portlock, Geo. Rep. p. 435, pi. 33, fig. 3. 
Much elongated transversely ; rounded at the anterior side, 
and attenuated posteriorly ; rounded at the terminations ; sur¬ 
face smooth ; destitute of a diagonal ridge. 
The Carboniferous Limestone, Erriglo Kceroguo, Tyrone, 
Ireland. 
2. Sanguinolaria lirata. —The Ridged Sanguinolaria, 
pi. XC. fig. 8. 
S. lirata. Phillips, Pal. Foss. p. 136, pi. 58, fig. 53*, a, h. 
Transversely elongated, width more than double the length ; 
convex ; anteriorly rounded, and posteriorly sub-truncated and 
ridged; surface smooth, with acute thread-like strite parallel 
to the margin ; strongest on the posterior portion. 
Devonian Rocks, Pilton, North Devonshire. 
3. Sanguinolaria vetusta. —The Ancient Sanguinolaria, 
pi. XC. fig. 15. 
S. vetusta . Phillips, Geo. York, I. pi. 14, fig. 1. 
Oblong ovate; anteriorly short and narrowed, and long 
and expanded posteriorly; with strong, concentric lines of 
growth. 
The Lias, Robin Hood’s Bay, Yorkshire. 
4. Sanguinolaria IIollowaysii. —Holloway’s Sanguino¬ 
laria. 
5. Hollowaysii. Sowerby, II. p. 133, pi. 159. 
Much elongated transversely ; beaks very small, situate 
near the posterior side, which is short; anterior side lengthen¬ 
ed and expanded; surface smooth, with rather short lines of 
growth; a furrow extends from the beak on the anterior side 
to the margin ; shell thin. 
The London Clay, Braeklesham Bay. 
5. Sanguinolaria com press a.— Compressed Sanguino¬ 
laria, pi. XC. fig. 20. 
5. compressa. Sowerby, Y. p. 91, pi. 462. 
Transversely oblong ovate,compressed; anterior side largest, 
with a rounded truncation; surface rather smooth ; several 
obscure rays emanate from the beaks and terminate on the mar¬ 
gins ; posterior side obliquely truncated ; shell thin. 
The London Clay, Barton and Braeklesham. 
6. Sanguinolaria tumida. —The Tumid Sanguinolaria, 
pi. XC. fig. 13. 
S. tumida. Phillips, Geo. York, II. p. 208, pi. 5, fig. 5. 
Transversely elongated ; diagonally gibbous ; hinge-line 
straight; surface supposed to bo imbricated. 
The Carboniferous Limestone, Bolland, Coalbrook Dale, 
Kirby, Lonsdale, and Kildare, Ireland. 
7. Sanguinolaria arcuata. —The Arcuated Sanguino¬ 
laria, pi. XC. fig. 16. 
S. arcuata. Phillips, Geo. York, IT. p. 208, pi. 5, fig. 4. 
Transversely elongated ; anterior side short and attenuated ; 
posteriorly lengthened and expanded; hinge-line arcuated ; 
surface smooth. 
The Carboniferous Limestone, Ilarelaw, Northumberland. 
8. Sanguinolaria angustata. —The Narrowed Sanguino¬ 
laria, pi. XC. fig. 12. 
S’, angustata. Phillips, Geo. York, II. p. 208, pi. 5, fig. 2. 
Much elongated transversely; compressed ; posterior side 
smooth, with a diagonal ridge from the beak to the margin ; 
hinge-line straight; surface with furrows parallel to the mar¬ 
gin- 
The Carboniferous Limestone, Bolland. 
9. Sanguinolaria maxima. —The Large Sanguinolaria, 
pi. XC. fig. 14. 
S. maxima. Portlock, Geo. Rep. p. 434, pi. 36, fig. 1. 
Transversely elongated and sub-quadrate; beaks situate 
close to the anterior side, which is extremely short and nearly 
square; hinge and basal lines quite parallel; surfaco with 
many concentric furrows and stria?. 
The Carboniferous Limestone, Donaghery, Tyrone. 
10. Sanguinolaria oblonga. —The Oblong Sanguinolaria, 
pi. XC. fig. 43. 
S. oblonga. Portlock, Geo. Rep. p. 434, pi. 36, fig. 2. 
Transversely sub-quad rate; anterior side extremely short, 
the beaks closo to that side, and rounded ; posterior side 
lengthened, and nearly straight at the end ; hinge and basal 
lines parallel ; surfaco concentrically furrowed aud striated. 
The Carboniferous Limestone, Errigle and Keerogue,Tyrone. 
11. Sanguinolaria plicata. —The Plaited Sanguinolaria, 
pi. XC. fig. 19. 
S. plicata. Portlock, Geo. Rop. p. 433, pi. 34, fig. 18. 
Transversely elongated; compressed ; anteriorly rounded, 
and obliquely sub-truncated posteriorly ; beak near the ante¬ 
rior side, from which a faint ridge proceeds to the margin ; 
bingo-line straight, with a slight furrow below it; surface 
with many transverse folds, parallel to the margin, until they 
reach the ridge, where they run abruptly angular towards the 
hinge-lino. 
The Carboniferous Limestone, Benburb, Tyrone. 
12. Sanguinolaria undata.— The Waved Sanguinolaria. 
S. undata. Portlock, Geo. Rep. p. 434, pi. 34, fig. 20. 
Transversely elongated ; narrow ; hinge-line quite straight; 
a furrow extends from the beak to the posterior margin below 
and almost parallel to the hiugo-line ; surface with broad fur¬ 
rows. 
TliO Carboniferous Limestone, Tyrone and North Sunder¬ 
land. 
13. Sanguinolaria transversa. —The Transverse San¬ 
guinolaria, pi. XC. fig. 33. 
S. transversa. Portlock, Geo. Rep. p. 434, pi. 34, fig. 21. 
Extremely elongated transversely, compressed and short; 
anteriorly rounded and short; beaks near to this side; poste¬ 
rior side much lengthened, obliquely truncated, with a diago¬ 
nal ridge extending from tho beaks to the margins; hinge-line 
