12 
MARINE FAUNA OF ST. ANDREWS. 
Mr. David Robertson, in the absence of Mr. Brady, kindly 
examined similar shell-sand, and also mud from the interstices 
of Filigrana implexa from deep water. To the foregoing list 
he adds Discorbina globular is, D’Orb., and gives the follow¬ 
ing species from the latter:— 
Cornuspira foliacea, Phil. Moderately common. 
Quinqueloculina seminulum, L. Rare. 
- subrotunda, Mont. Rare. 
Trochamniina incerta , D’Orb. Moderately common. 
Polymorphina lactea, W. & J. Rare. 
Textularia sagittula , Defr. Common. 
Bulimina marginata, D’Orb. Rare. 
Discorbina globularis , D’Orb. Moderately common. 
Truncatulina lobatula, Walker. Common. 
Rotalia Beccarii, L. Moderately rare. 
Patellina corrugata , Will. Rare. 
Operculina ammonoides , Gron. Rare. 
Nonionina depressida, W. & J. 
Order SPONGIAD^}. 
The Sponges of St. Andrews are, perhaps, the least-inves¬ 
tigated group, partly because a collection carefully made many 
years ago has been lost. In looking over those obtained since, 
Dr. Bowerbank has most kindly given his experienced aid in 
doubtful cases ; and the description of the new species is solely 
his. The littoral forms are scattered in considerable profusion 
between tide-marks under ledges and stones, sometimes near 
high-water mark. Indeed, in the higher pools and tide-runs 
in the latter region they are often peculiarly luxuriant. The 
brightly coloured Halisarca , so abundant on the under surfaces 
of stones in the Hebrides, and the rarer botryoidal Tethea are 
unknown at St. Andrews, as are likewise the cup and turnip 
sponges of the Zetlandic seas. The greater luxuriance of the 
ubiquitous Halichondria panicea on the stems of the Lami- 
narias further characterizes the coast of the extreme west; 
