88 
PROCEEDINGS OF 
[June* 
accompanying weeds, gets the better of them in luxuriance; but after some days, 
the contrary will be the case, and this is the proper time for transplanting them ; this 
is done in holes, in rows three palms apart, four or five plants in a hole or hill, with 
sufficient space for a plough to pass. Weeds pulled up, and the weakest of the 
plants also, leaving only one in each hill. From the commencement of flowering 
to the dying of the flower the field should not be entered, it being injurious to shake 
the flower. If the plants become parched, water will restore them. If too luxu¬ 
riant, no water, and even the head of the main shoot may be nipped off with the 
nails; which is also requisite, at all events, when the plant is about a foot high, in 
order to give force to the lateral branches, which produce more fruit than the main 
shoot. 
The plant lives twelve years if well taken care of, and continues to produce; but 
here (in Andalusia) it is grubbed up after six years. The first year it is allowed to 
grow at discretion, unless too luxuriant. It is to be pruned in the spring of the 
second year, (that is, after having given one crop,) and trimmed down within six 
inches of the ground, cutting all off close to the main stem ; next spring two 
branches are left close down about six inches long from the stem, cutting all 
others. Next spring all but three or four shoots are cut away in the same manner, 
the strength of the plant being considered. After about four months it commences 
to flower, and at this epoch every operation should be suspended that may shake 
the bush or brush away the flowers. 
The plant has its infirmities, one of which is announced by the leaves turning 
yellow and falling off by degrees; this is particularly occasioned by sudden changes 
of temperature and rapid transition from heat to cold. This is mostly observed in 
May, and lasts about twenty days; if repeated, it is very destructive. High winds 
and frost, excessive heat or rain, with insects, &c., all are injurious to the plant, as 
well as to many other objects of agriculture. 
From Dr. H. G. Bronn, Professor in the University of Heidel¬ 
berg .—( Translation.) 
Heidelberg, (Germany,) April 30, 1841. 
The Zoological Museum of the University of Heidelberg, offers to foreign pub¬ 
lic and private museums, principally to those which are not yet richly provided 
with zoological objects coming from Germany or Europe, the exchange of the zoo¬ 
logical productions of the respective countries, and proposes the following bases 
for this exchange, to render as simple and as little costly as possible, the acquisition 
of even the rarest specimens of zoology. 
I. The exchange may be made to embrace every zoological object, prepared skins 
of vertebrated animals, reptiles, fish, mollusca, and worms, preserved in spirits of 
wine, dried insects, expanded and attached to pins expressly manufactured for that 
purpose, shells, &c. 
II. Considering the difficulty and even the impossibility of finding—for a suite 
of birds, for example—the real equivalent in insects, &c., and to avoid a long and 
expensive correspondence between two distant countries, only animals of the same 
class will be usually exchanged, birds for birds, insects for insects. Only collections 
somewhat more considerable will be exchanged at the same time; as, for example, 
