718 
TOSIA. 
The main source of the Halys rises in the Ardgeh Daghler 
mountains; and after winding through a portion of ancient 
Phrygia and Galatia, discharges itself into the Black Sea about 
forty miles to the north-west of the Gulf of Samsoon. This 
river was once the boundary between the Lydian and Persian 
empires. Just where the Hadji Humza valley takes its bend, the 
village of Kargay appears; a considerable place, and abundant 
in rice plantations. Thence our road led up a fertile glen, in a 
course S. 60° W.; the tracts around being well-watered from the 
river Daly-dawraz, which, near to this spot, joins the Kizzil 
Irmak. We continued along its bank for an hour, then forded 
the stream through a very wide bed ; and left it entirely on 
entering a very close dell, thickly overgrown with wood, which 
carried us, in a gradually ascending direction, rather to the 
northward of west. Two miles of this kind of road, finished in 
a more open country, and at the door of a little wooden house, 
where we took the refreshment of excellent coffee at two paras 
a cup, something equal to a farthing British. An hour’s ride 
brought us again on the banks of the river, and into another 
part of the winding valley where we had left it before. This 
tract also, was dedicated to the culture of rice. The day was 
then closing, and it became quite dark before we arrived at 
Tosia, our place of rest. But while it was yet twilight we met 
a large body of Turks, who had been at Constantinople in quest 
of employment, and were now returning to their own homes in 
this part of the Grand Seignior’s dominions. Many of them 
claimed kindred to the Prophet by their green turbans; and in 
passing us, some of these holy personages called to each other 
in loud contemptuous voices, a remark which was soon translated 
to me in these terms: “ See what trouble yon Tatars shew in 
