DON 
dffpofed of by the patron to a man, withouteither pre¬ 
fentation to, or inftitution by, the ordinary, or induction 
by his order. Donatives are fo termed, becaufe they be¬ 
gan only by the foundation and eredlion of the donor. 
The king might of ancient time found a church or cha¬ 
pel, and exempt it from the jurifdidlion of the ordinary; 
fo lie may by his letters patent give licence to a com¬ 
mon perfon to found fuch a church or chapel, and make 
it donative, not prefentable ; and that the incumbent or 
chaplain (hall be deprived by the founder and his heirs, 
and not by the bifliop ; which feems to be the original 
of donatives in England. 2-Comm. 2.2. When the king 
founds a church, &c. donative, it is of courfe exempted 
from the ordinary’s jurifdiction, though no particular 
exemption is mentioned; and the lord chancellor (hall 
vi(it the fame: and, where the king grants a licence to 
any common perfon to found a church or chapel, it may 
be donative, and exempted from the jurifdidlion of the 
bilhop, fo as to be vilited by the founder, &c. Co. Litt. 
134. The refignation of a donative mud: be to the donor 
or patron, and not to the ordinary; and donatives are 
not only free from all ordinary jurifdidlion, but the pa¬ 
tron and incumbent may charge the glebe to bind the 
fucceffor ; and, if the clerk is difturbed, the patron may 
bring quart impedit, See. Alfa the patron of a donative 
may take the profits thereof when it is vacant. Co. Lit. 
344. If the patron of a donative will not nominate a 
clerk, there can be no lapfe: but the bidiop may com¬ 
pel fuch patron to nominate a clerk by ecclefiaftical cen- 
fures ; for, though the church is exempt from the power 
of the ordinary, the patron is not exempted : and the 
clerk mud be qualified like unto other clerks of churches; 
no perfon being capable of a donative, unlefs he be a 
pried lawfully ordained. 14 Car. II. c. 4. 
There may be a donative of the king’s gift with cure 
of fouls, as the church of the Tower of London is : and, 
if fuch donative be procured for money, it will be within 
the datute of fimony. A parochial church may be do¬ 
native, and exempt from the ordinary’s jurifdidlion. Go- 
dolph. 262. The church of St. Mary-le-Bone, in Middle- 
fex, is donative ; and the incumbent being cited into the 
fpiritual court, to take a licence from the bilhop to preach, 
pretending that it was a chapel, and that the parion was 
a dipendiary; it was ruled in the king’s-bench that it 
was a donative ; and, if the bifliop vifit, the court will 
grant a prohibition. 1 Nelf. Air. 676. If a patron of a 
donative doth once prefent his clerk to the ordinary, and 
the clerk is admitted, indituted, and inducted, then the 
donative ceafeth ; and it becomes a church prefentative. 
Co. Litt. 344. But when a donative is created by letters 
patent, by which lands are fettled upon the parfon and 
his fuccelfors, and he is to come in by the donation of 
the king, and his fucceflors ; in this cafe, though there 
may be a prefentation to the donative, and the incum¬ 
bent come in by inditution and induction, yet that will 
not dedroy the donative. 2 Salk. 341. All biflioprics be¬ 
ing of the foundation of the king, they were in ancient 
time donative. 3 Rep. 75. Donatives have two peculiar 
properties : one, that the prefentation does not devolve 
to the king, as in othjr livings, when the incumbent is 
made a bilhop. Ca. Pari. 184. The other, that a dona¬ 
tive is within the datute of pluralities, if it is the fird 
living; but if a donative is the fecond benefice taken 
without a difpenfation, the fird would not be void ; for 
the words of the datute are injlituted and induced to any 
other, which are not applicable to donatives. 1 Woodd. 
330. And therefore it feems if donatives are taken lad, 
they may be held with any other preferment. 
DONA'TO (St.), a county of Maritime Auflria, con¬ 
taining, befides a few villages, the large borough of St. 
Dono di Piave, which carries on a confiderable commerce. 
DONA'TO (Bernardino), a learned Italian of the fix- 
teenth century, born at Zano in the Veronefe. He was 
Greek profeflbr at.Padua, andalfo taught at Parma, Fer- 
aara, and Carpi; and died about the middle of the cen- 
DON IQ 
tury In his own country. He is particularly known for 
his Latin verfion of the Demonjlralio Evangelica of Eufe- 
bius, which has feveral times been reprinted. He like- 
wife tranflated fome works of Galen, Xeno-'hon, and 
Aridotle. In 1341, he wrote a Latin dialogue on the 
difference between the Aridotelic and Platonic philofo- 
phy. A Latin grammar, publiflied at Venice in 1329, is 
aferibed to him. 
DONA'TO (Girolamo), a patrician of Venice, born 
about 1454. He was a perfon eminent for probity and 
talents, and was employed by his country in various im¬ 
portant and difficult negociations. He commanded in 
‘Brefciai and Ferrara ; and, in 1310, reconciled the repub¬ 
lic to pope Julius II. He was at the fame time one of 
the mod learned men of the age, particularly in the 
Greek tongue. He tranflated into I.atin the commen¬ 
tary of Alexander Aphrodifeus upon Ariftotle on the 
foul, and a homily of St. John Chryfoftom ; alfo fome 
pieces attributed to Dionyfius the Areopagite, and to 
John Damafcenus. He wrote an apology for the pope’s 
fupremacy, againfl: the Greek church, anda letter to car¬ 
dinal Caratfa upon the fame fubjedl. Five of his epifiles 
are extant, with thofe of Angelo Poliziano, and Pico of 
Mirandula. He likewife drew up a long and forcible 
apology for the Venetians againfl:- Charles VIII. king of 
France. He died in 13x1. 
DO'NATORY, f. in Scots law, that perfon to whom 
the king beftows his right to any forfeiture that has fallen 
to the crown. 
DONA'TUS (^ilius), an ancient grammarian, flou- 
rifhed in the time of Conftantine, and was one of the pre¬ 
ceptors of St. Jerom. He wrote commentaries upon Vir¬ 
gil and Terence ; and compofed fome works on grammar, 
(fill remaining, printed in the colledtion of ancient gram¬ 
marians. The author of a life of Virgil, is fuppofed to 
have been Tiberius Claudius Donatus, a later writer. 
DONA'TUS, bifliop of Cafa: Nigrae in Numidia, in 
the fourth century, gave name to the fedl of the Dona- 
tifts in Africa. His party became exceedingly powerful 
and numerous, and for a long time fupported their caufe 
againfl their rival fadlion : but, finally, the fentence of 
deprivation and excommunication was pronounced againfl 
him by the bilhop of Rome. 
DONA'TUS, bifliop of Carthage, was eledled to that 
office by the Donatift party, after the death of Majorinus, 
in 316. He was a perfon of confiderable learning and 
abilities, whence he obtained among his fedt the furname 
of the Great, and acquired more influence in the manage¬ 
ment of their concerns than any other of their bifhops. 
By his perfuafive eloquence he induced vaft multitudes 
to join their communion ; and by his writings confirmed 
them in a zealous adherence to their diflinguifliing prin¬ 
ciples. But he is faid to have been haughty, conten¬ 
tious, and intolerant; and, for the latter charge, the 
dife-riminating tenets of the Donatifts, which he is con- 
fidered as having fyftematifed, afford too ftrong evidence, 
DONAUESCHIN'GEN, or Doneschingen, a town 
of Germany, in the circle of Swabia, (ituated in the Black 
Forefl, where the prince of Furftenberg has a palace, 
near which is a fpring, faid to be the fource of the Da¬ 
nube : thirteen miles north-north-weft of Schaffhaufen, 
and thirteen weft of Duttlingen. 
DONAVIT'Z, a town of Hungary: fixteen miles north- 
north-weft of Palotza. 
DO'NAUSTAUFF, or Domstauf, a town of Ger¬ 
many, in the circle of Bavaria, and biftiopric of Ratifbon, 
on the Danube : fix miles eaft of Rati (bon. 
BONAWERT', a town of Germany, in Upper Ba¬ 
varia, on the Wernitz, near its union with the Danube, 
It was formerly imperial, and in the circle of Swabia; 
but, being put under the ban of the empire, in 1607, was 
feized by the duke of Bavaria. It is fortified, and has 
a bridge acrofs the Danube. It has been taken feveral 
times in the wars of Germany, both by the French and 
the Swedes, On the 3d of July 1704, the elector of Ba¬ 
varia., 
