D R U 
the veins and finiifes, comprefs tlie medullary fubftance, 
and difpofe to deep, and to a paralytic affeCtion of ti e 
nervous fyftem. ' 
“ What fob'ernefs conceals, Drunkenness reveals.” 
The'Latins fay ; Quad in cordefobrii, in lingua cbm : What 
is in the heart of the fober man, is in thb tongue of the 
drunkard; or, In vino veiritas. Gr. Ev oivu «?o)6eio:, In wine 
is truth. Fr. L.e vinfait dine la veritc : When wine is in, the 
wit is out. A proverb calculated to guard all men againfl 
placing'any confidence in drunkards. 
DRUPACE'riE, / in botany, the thirty-eighth order 
in Linnaeus's Fragments of a Natural Method: contain¬ 
ing thole trees which bear a drupe or plum. 
DRUPA'CEOUS, adj. [ drupa , Lat. ripe fruit.] In 
botar.v, trees bearing ripe fruit with a flefhy pericarpium. 
DRUPE,/, [drupa, Lat.] In botany, a pulpy peri¬ 
carp or fruit without valves, containing a nut or (lone 
with a kernel: as plum, apricot, peach, almond, olive, 
cherry, &c. 
DRU'RYD, a river of Wales, in the county, of Meri¬ 
oneth, which runs into the Irifli fea, about two miles 
north-north-wed of Harlech. 
DRU'SES, or Druzes, a remarkable nation in Palef- 
tine, inhabiting between Mount Lebanon and the Medi¬ 
terranean Sea, and about Kefroan, under the fovereignty 
of the grand emir of Deir al Camer ; and of whofe origin 
and lridory a very entertaining detail is given in the writ¬ 
ings of M. Volney. The proper and didinCtive character 
of the Drufes is a fort of republican fpirit, which gives 
them mope energy than any other fubjefts of the Turkifh 
government, and an indifference for religion, which forms 
a finking contrail with the zeal of the Mahometans and 
Chriftians. In other refpe&s, their private life, their 
cuftoms and prejudices, are the fame with other orientals. 
They may marry feveral wives, and repudiate them when 
they choofe ; but, except by the emir and a few men of 
eminence, that is rarely pra&ifed. Occupied with their 
rural labours, they experience neither artificial wants, 
nor thofe inordinate paflions which are produced by the 
idlenefs of the inhabitants of cities and towns. The veil, 
worn by their women, is of itfelf a. prefervative againfl 
thofe defires which are the occafion of fo many evils in 
fociety. No man knows the face of any other woman 
than his wife, his mother, his filler, and fifters-in-law. 
Every man lives in the bofont of his own family, and 
goes little abroad. The women, thofe even of the lhaiks, 
make the bread, road the coffee, wafh the linen, cook 
the victuals, and perform all domeflic offices. The men 
cultivate their lands and vineyards, and dig canals for 
watering them. In the evening they fometimes affem- 
ble in the court, the area, or houfe of the chief of the 
village or family. There, feated in a circle, with legs 
crolfed, pipes in their mouths, and poniards at their 
belts, they difeourfe of their various labours, the fcar- 
city or plenty of their harvefls, peace or war, the con¬ 
duit of the emir, or the amount of the taxes ; they re¬ 
late pad tranfaClions, difeufs prefent intereds, and form 
conjectures on the future. Their children, tired with 
play, come frequently to liden; and a ftranger is fur- 
prifed to hear them, at ten or twelve years old, recount¬ 
ing, with a ferious air, why Djezzar declared war againd 
the emir Youfef, how many purfes it cod that prince, 
what augmentation there will be of the miri, how many 
mufkets there were in the camp, and who had the bed 
mare, This is their only education. They are neither 
taught to read the p fa 1 iris as among the Maronites, nor 
the koran lik<* the Mahometans. But if their mind be 
deftitute of ufefirl or agreeable information, at lead it 
is not pre-occupied by falle and hurtful ideas ; and, with¬ 
out doubt, fuch natural ignorance is worth all our artifi¬ 
cial folly. This advantage refults from it, that their 
underdandings being nearly on a level, the inequality of 
conditions is lefs perceptible. For, in fadt, we do not 
perceive among the Drufes that great didance which, in 
mod other focieties, degrades the inferior, without con- 
D R U 91 
tributing to the advantage of the great. All, whether 
fliaiks or peafants, treat each other with that rational fa¬ 
miliarity which.iS equally remote from rudenefs and fer- 
vility. The grand emir himfelf is not a different man 
from the red : he is a good country gentleman, who does 
not difdain admitting to his table the meaned farmer. 
In a word, their manners are thofe of ancient times, and 
of that' rudic life which marks the origin of every na¬ 
tion; and prove that the people among whom they are 
dill found are as yet only in the infancy of the focial 
date. According to Volney, they praflife neither cir- 
cumcifion, prayers, nor fading ; they obferve neither fef- 
tivals nor prohibitions ; they drink wine ; and allow mar¬ 
riage between brothers and fiders, but not between pa¬ 
rents and children, nor with drange women. They fub- 
mit with implicit obedience to the government of their 
emirs, and are faid to make the bed foldiers in the Turk¬ 
ifh empire. They are divided into a profane and a facred 
cad, and make a didinclion between clean and unclean 
food. They fvvear not at all ; and only corroborate their 
affirmations with an “ I have faid it.” Their fabbath is 
kept on the Friday. Their iman, or chief pried, is elqc- 
tive. They are Unitarians ; but they acknowledge feven 
holy law-givers, or prophets, Adam, Noah, Abraham, 
Mofes, Jefus, Muhamed, and Sain. They maintain that 
the fame celedial fpirit, divine mind, holy ghod, or an¬ 
gelic foul, was fucceffively incarnate in each of.thefe hu¬ 
man bodies. They believe the fouls of the four evange- 
lids to have in like manner re-appeared among them, in 
the forms of Ifmael, Alcolamoch, Ali, and Behardin. 
They permit exterior conformity to the rights of other 
feds, in thofe who travel ; but forbid the revelation of 
their own tenets to the heathens. Their Muhamed flou- 
rifhed in 1017, and was alfo called Druf, whence they 
take their name ; but they value dill higher a later pro¬ 
phet, whom they not only call Sain, but Hamfa, and 
whom they confider as the real Mediah. See C. W. Lu- 
decke’s Defcription of the Turkifh Empire, 1780; and 
Eichhorn’s Repertory, part xii. 
DRUSIL'LA, [Gr. i. c. dewy eyes.] A proper name 
of women. 
DRU'SIUS (John), a protedant writer of great learn¬ 
ing, born at Oudenarde, in Flanders, in 1555. He was 
defigned for the dudy of divinity ; but his father being 
outlawed, and deprived of his ellate, they both retired 
to England, where the'fon became profelfor of the orien¬ 
tal languages at Oxford : but, upon the pacification of 
Ghent, they returned to their own country, where Dru- 
fius was foon appointed profeffor of the oriental languages. 
From thence lie removed to Friedand, where he was.ad¬ 
mitted Hebrew profeffor in the univerfity of Franeker; 
the functions of which he difeharged with great honour till 
his death in 1616. His works fhew him to have been well 
drilled in Hebrew ; and the dates-general employed him 
to write notes on the mod difficult paffages in the Old 
Tedament, with a penfion of 400 florins a-year: but, be¬ 
ing frequently didurbed in this undertaking, it was not- 
publifhed till after his death. He held a vad correfpon- 
dcnce with the' learned ; for,' befides letters in Hebrew, 
Greek, and other languages, there were found 2300 La¬ 
tin letters among his papers. He had a fon John, who 
died in England, aged only twenty-one, and was a pro¬ 
digy for his early acquifition of learning ; he wrote Notes 
on the Proverbs of Solomon, with many letters and verfes 
in Hebrew. 
DRU'SUS, a valiant Roman, fon of Tiberius and Vip- 
fania, who made himf?lf famous by his intrepidity and 
courage in the provinces of Illyricum and Pannonia. He 
was raifed to the greated honours of the date by iris fa¬ 
ther, but a blow which he gave to Sejanus, an audacious 
libertine, proved his ruin. Sejanus corrupted Livia.the 
wife of Drufus, and in conjunction with her he caufed 
him to be poifoned by an eunuch, A.D. 23.—A fon of 
Germaiiicus and Agrippina, who enjoyed offices of the 
greated trufl under Tiberius. His enemy Sejanus, how- 
2 ever. 
