DUB 
&c. the principal ftreets are well paved and lighted, 
and the flagged way on either fide, with fome few excep¬ 
tions, is broad and tolerably clean. The places which 
form fquares, are St. Stephen’s Green, in the centre of 
which is an equeftrian ftatue of George the Second, finely 
executed in copper, and elevated upon a large pedeftal; 
the ground in this fquare is one mile in circumference. 
Merrion-fquare is delightfully fituated; mod of the 
houfes having a view of Dublin bay and Wicklow moun¬ 
tains ; the centre is inclofed by an iron palifado, eredted 
upon a handfome cut-ftone plinth and bafe, and a neat 
lhrubbery running round the whole, immediately within- 
fide the railing ; the houfes-are all of a very large fize ; 
much uniformity has been preferved in building them ; 
and the appearance altogether is highly improved by 
Leinfter-houfe, and lawn, forming the weft fide of this 
-fquare. Rutland-fquare, from its lofty trees and hand¬ 
fome walks, fituated upon the declivity of a, hill, adds 
much to the beauty of Dublin; and Mountjoy-fquare is 
beautifully fituated, and commands various delightful 
profpefts. 
Hofpitality reigns throughout Dublin with as much 
profufion as in the reft of the kingdom ; the people of 
fafliion can no where be found more refined and fplendid. 
The only public entertainment is a badly-attended thea¬ 
tre, open about eight months in the year. Vice feems 
not to have arrived at that pitch of audacity in Dublin, 
as in London; a courtezan would not be fuffered to mix 
with the company in the lower boxes of the theatre, 
they muft go aloft; nor is the Cyprian tribe there cither 
proportionably numerous, or alluring; the Irifli women 
are charadteriftically induftrious and virtuous. 
The Phcenix park, belonging to the crown, and which 
takes its name from a lofty pillar in white marble, of the 
Corinthian order, with a phoenix on the top, is fituated 
at the weftern extremity of Dublin, extending weftward 
upwards of three miles, and about two from north to 
fouth ; in this park is the phcenix lodge, which was pur- 
chafed by government about the year 1782, for the bum¬ 
mer residence of the lord lieutenants. And here a Ho is 
the falute battery, on which is eredled twenty-two pieces 
of cannon, which are fired upon all occafions of public 
rejoicing; and a little to the weftward is the magazine of 
ammunition for his majefty’s forces, a ftrong fortification, 
always occupied by an officer’s guard of the royal Irifli 
artillery, and latterly confiderably augmented. In the 
eaftern part of this park there has been, a few years fince, 
erected a fimple but beautiful building, an infirmary for 
the foldiery, which is 1110ft pleafingly fituated upon an 
elevated piece of ground, and adds much to the tout en- 
femble of this charming fpot. This extenfive place is the 
Hyde Park of Dublin, being open to the public, and much 
frequented by equeftrians, as well as pedeftrians; and 
here are performed all military reviews. ' 
The cal tie of Dublin is fituated nearly in the centre of 
the city: it was not ufed as a palace, or refidence of the 
viceroy, till the reign of Elizabeth, when it was repaired 
and beautified by fir Henry Sidney, lord deputy. The 
parliament houle, now difufed, is a magnificent building, 
eredted between the years 1729 and 1739, at the expence 
of 40,0001. The Royal Exchange coft likewife 40,0001. 
and was ten years in building, from the year 1769 to the 
year 1779. The royal college of phyficians was efta- 
blillied in 1679; the royal college of burgeons in 1785; 
the academy for the advancement of fciepce, polite lite¬ 
rature, and antiquities, in 1786. Other focieties are for 
foldiers’ orphans; the marine fociety ; fociety for pro¬ 
moting the linen and hemp manufacture ; for improving 
agriculture, &c. The houfe of induftry alfo merits re¬ 
gard, as being the belt regulated, and perhaps the mod 
productive, in coming nearer the original defign, than 
any other in Europe. The civil government of Dublin 
is executed by a lord mayor, recorder, two flieriffs, twen¬ 
ty-four aldermen, and a common-council, formed of re- 
prefentatives from the twenty-five corporations. The 
Vol. VI. No. 334. 
L I N. 101 
mayor tries all offences, even capital ones, except murder 
and treafon, and matters of property for any fum under 
twenty pounds. A new police, lately'eftabliflied by aft 
of parliament, under a chief and three affiftant comniif- 
fioners and four divifional juftices, who are aldermen of 
the city, conlifts of forty horfe, and four hundred foot, 
well armed, trained, and clothed, ftationed in watch- 
houfes, and patrolling the ftreets every night. Befides 
the filk, woollen, and worfted, manufactures carried on in 
that quarter of the fuburbs called tk% earl of Meath's li¬ 
berty, and confiderably improved within thefe few years, 
other branches of ufefnl manufacture are eftabliftiing in 
different parts of the metropolis; and though the trade 
in Dublin has heretofore confided chiefly in the importa¬ 
tion of foreign commodities, yet now that the reftriftion 
of its woollenand 1110ft other goods are removed, it is ex¬ 
pected that the daily enlargement of the export trade 
will caufe a proportional increafe of opulence. Dublin 
is remarkably well (applied with provide)ns ; with coals, 
chiefly from Scotland and Cumberland, and with water 
from the Liffey, by machines curioufly conftruCted at 
Itland-bridge on.the north, and from a fine refervoir on 
the fouth. The atmofphere being chiefly moiftand wet, 
contributes to give the ftreets a dirty appearance. Lat. 
53. 21. N. Ion. 6 . 15. W. Greenwich. 
The vicinity of Dublin is rich in cultivation, and ma- 
jeftically adorned with feats and noble manfions. From 
the weftern gate of the Phoenix park, the approach com¬ 
mands a view of a rnoft beautiful valley, taking in the 
villages of Chapel-izod and Palmerftown, through which 
the river Liffey grandly glides, forming different cafcades, 
and the whole terminated by the finely-lituated houfe of 
lord Donoughmore. Proceeding to the top of Knock- 
maroon hill, a village about three miles from Dublin, 
we have a mod delightful, profpeft; and, defeending 
more to the weftward, we enter one of the mod beauti- 
fully-lituated roads perhaps in the world, called the low 
road to Lucan, being about four miles in length; it is 
through a winding valley on the light hand of which is, 
for the rnoft part, a very high hill, richly cultivated, and 
from its fouthern afpeft is extenfively planted with ftraw- 
berries, which fruit it produces in great abundance, and 
in conftant fucceffion, from May until September, both 
months inclufive. The road is ihadowed by plantations 
of oak, elm, and afh trees; and all along the left hand, 
from Knockmaroon, is the river Liftey filently flowing 
its courfe, the grandeur of which is fometimes interrupted 
by mill-weirs crofting the river, but which amply com- 
penfate the feaft of the eye, by the cafcades which they 
form ; and hence it is that the navigation of the river 
Liffey is in this part impeded. Farther to the left hand, 
and to the end of this road, beyond the river, the ground 
riles in a gradual afeent; in fome parts next the water 
are mills, in others bleach-greens for linens; but, for the 
rnoft part, the fide of the hill prefents the highly deco¬ 
rated improvements of lord Leitrim, lord Carhampton, 
and lord Pery, which-terminating by a bridge, we arrive 
at the village of Lucan, fituated between fix and (even 
miles weft from Dublin. Here is tire celebrated Lucan 
fpa, much reforted to, and deemed extremely efficacious 
in fcorbutic and nervous complaints; the fpa has lately 
been decorated, and is now fiieltered by a building, form¬ 
ing a ninegon, neatly executed ; and upon the top of the 
pump is placed a handfome urn. There is a rural 
thatched feat for the water drinkers ; near which is Lucan 
Houfe, finiftied in 1780, in an elegant ftyle, enriched with 
medallions from the defigns of Angelica Kauffman. 
About a mile to the weft is a neat and beautiful village, 
called Leixlip, inhabited by an humble fet of people, 
who, in addition to their induftry in lnifbandry, let lodg¬ 
ings in the fummer feafon, to fuch as refort there for the 
benefit of the Lucan fpa. In a part of this demefne is a 
rnoft grand water-fall, called the falmon leap, about eigh¬ 
teen feet high ; the top of the ridge is paffable when the 
water is low, and with the afiiftance of a ruined arch, a 
D d communication 
