D U I 
ITS 
He died at Paris in 1733, in the eighty-fourth year of his 
age. The ftyle of his writings is commended in general, 
for perfpicuity, purity, and elegance. Among the va¬ 
rious productions of his fertile pen, are, 1. Comment.n ies 
on the Works of Six Days, and on the Book of Genelis, 
in fix vols. 121110. compofed at the requelt of the cele¬ 
brated Rollin. 2. An Expofition of the Book of Job, 
in four vols. 121x10. 3. An Expofition of Seventy-five 
Pfalms, in fix vols. 121110. 4. An Expofition of the Pro¬ 
phecies of Ifaiah, of Jonas, and Habakkuk, in (even vols. 
itmo, 5. An Expofition of the Books of Kings, of Ef- 
dras, and of Neherniah, in fe.ven vols. 121110. 6. An Ex¬ 
pofition of the Song of Songs, and of the Book of VVif- 
dom, in two vols. 121110. 7. Rules for the Undei (landing 
of the Sacred Scriptures, in i2mo. 8. Of the Education 
of a Prince, in 4to. and in four vols. 121110. 9. Eccle- 
fiaftical Conferences, in two vols. 4to. confiding of fixty- 
feven diflertations on the writers, the councils, and the 
difcipline, of the firft ages of the church. 10. A Trea- 
tife on the Principles of the Chriftian Faith, in three vols. 
121110. ir. A Collection of Letters on Piety and Mo¬ 
rality, in nine vols. 121110. Together with a va(t number 
of religious and devotional tracts, controverfial pieces, 
refolutions of cafes of confcience, &c. 
DU'HAM, a town of Bohemia, in the circle of Bole- 
flaw : twenty miles weft-north-weft of Jung Buntzlau. 
DUKOKUN'D A, a town of Africa, in the kingdom of 
Jemarrcw. 
DUIL'LIA LEX,/ was enacted by M. Duillius, a 
tribune, in the year of Rome 304. It made it a capital 
crime to leave the Roman people without its tribunes, 
or to create any new magillrate without a fufficient caufe. 
Another Duillian law palled in 392, to regulate the inte- 
reft for money lent. 
DUIL'LIUS (C. furnamed Nepos), the firft Roman 
who obtained a naval victory, was conful before Chrilt 
260. After his colleague C11. Corn. Scipio had been 
taken at lea by the Car liaginians in the (lift Punic war, 
lie proc eded with a new-built Roman fleet to Sicily in 
quelt of the enemy. Conlcious of the fuperiority of the 
Carthaginians in naval lkill, he employed a machine in¬ 
vented by an engineer, called the corvus, or crow, by means 
of which lie could grapple with the enemy's veflels as 
they approached, and thus convert the combat into a fort 
of land-fight. Through the aid of this contrivance he 
entirely defeated the Punic fleer, taking eighty Ihips, and 
deftroyirg thirteen. This victory was fo important, that 
Duillius was received at Rome with the greateft applaufe, 
and enjoyed a triumph. A naval column was erected in 
the forum to his memory; which was (landing in Pliny’s 
time, and was found again, with its infeription, in 1560. 
Duillius alfo obtained from the people tlie diltinCtion of 
being accompanied with torches and muli'c whenevei he 
returned by night from an entertainment. 
DUTNA, or Dona, a river of Ritflia, which rifes from 
a lake, (ixteen miles north-eaH from Toropetz, in the 
province of Plkov, palfes by Veliz, Suraz, Viteplk, Po- 
lotik, Dinaburg, Riga, &c. and empties itfelf into the 
Baltic at Riga. This river formed the boundaries be¬ 
tween Ruflla and Poland, as fetrled in the year 1773. 
DUIN'GEN, or Duin, or Dudingex, a town of Ger¬ 
many, in the circle of Lower Saxony, and principality of 
Calenberg : eighteen miles fouth-eall of Hameln. 
DUI'i\G, or Doi.no, opTybein, a fea-port town of 
Germany, in the duchy of Carniola : eight tubes north- 
well of Triefte, and 174 fouth-fouth-weft of Vienna. Lat. 
45.55.N. Ion. 31. 32. E. Ferro. 
DU'JSBURG, a town of Germany, in the circle of 
Weftphalia, and duchy of Cleves, fituated near the ealt 
bank of the Rhine ; formerly imperial and Hanfeatic ; it 
yet enjoys great privileges, and has a voice and feat at 
the provincial diets. It contains two churches, three 
convents, and an univerlity, founded for proteftants, in 
1655. It is a (tuple for iron manufactures and cloth: 
1 
i U K 
fourteen miles north of Duffeldorp, and twenty-nine 
Couth ealt of Cleves. Lat. 51. 28. N. Ion. 24. 9. E. 
Greenwich. 
DU'ISBURG (Peter de), an ancient chronicler, native 
ot the town of that name in the duchy of Cleves. He 
flourillied towards the beginning of the fourteenth cen¬ 
tury, and was a pried of the Teutonic order in Pruflia. 
He wro'e in Latin a Chronicle of Pruflia from 1226 to 
1325, which has been continued by an anonymous writer 
to 1426. The learned Hartknock gave an edition of the 
original in 1679, Frankf. 4to. illuftrated by nineteen dif- 
fertations, which throw great light upon the hidory of 
Pruflia. 
DU'ITZ, or Duytz, a town of Germany, in the circle 
of Weftphalia, and duchy of Berg, on the eaft lide of the 
Rhine, oppolite Cologn, chiefly inhabited by Jews, who 
are not permitted ro dwell at Cologn, or even enter that 
city, without permiflion. 
DUKA'NA, a river of Ruflian Siberia, which, united 
with the Ancha, forms the Juna. 
DUKE,/ [due, Fr. dux, Lat.J One of the higheft 
order of nobiliry in England, in rank a nobleman next to 
the royal family. The tide of duke is originally a Roman 
dignity, denominated a duccndo, leading or commanding. 
Accordingly the (lift dukes, duces, were the duElores exer- 
ciluum, commanders of armies. Under the emperors, the 
governors of provinces in war-time were intitled duces. 
In after-times the fame denomination was alfo given to 
the governors of provinces in time of peace. The firft 
•.governor under the name of duke was a duke of the 
M irehia Rhaetica, or Grifons, whereof mention is made 
in Caftiodorus ; and there were afterwards thirteen dukes 
in the ealtern empire, and twelve in the weftern. The 
Goths and Vund.ds, upon their over-running the pro¬ 
vinces of the weftern empire, abolilhed the Roman dig¬ 
nities wherever they fettled. But the Franks, &c. to 
pleafe the Gauls, who had long been ufed to that form 
of government, made it a point not to change any thing 
therein : and accordingly they divided all Gaul into 
duchies and counties ; and gave the names fometimes of 
dukes, and fometimes of counts, comites, to the governors 
thereof. In England, during the Saxon times, as Cam* 
den obferves, the officers and commanders of armies were 
called dukes, duces, after the Roman manner, without 
any other addition. After the Conqueror came in, the 
title lay dormant till the reign of Edward III. who cre¬ 
ated his fon Edward, firft Called the Black Prince, duke 
of Cornwall ; which hath ever fince been the peculiar in¬ 
heritance of the king’s eldeft Ion during the life of his 
father; fo that he is dux natus, non creatus. After whom 
there were more made, in fuch manner as that their titles 
deicended to 1 heir pofterity. See the article Heraldry. 
DUKE’s COUNTY, a county of the American States, 
in Malfachufetts,comprehending Martha’-sViueyaid iiland, 
Chabaquiddick iiland, Norman’s iiland, and the Elizabeth 
illands; lituated on the f uth-ealt coaft of the (late. The 
number of inhabitanfs by he cenlus of 1796, is 3265. 
They fend three reprelentatives, and, in conjunction with 
Nantucket ifland, one lenator, to the general court. The 
chief town is Edgarton. 
DUKE OF GLOUCESTER ISLAND, an ifland in 
the South Pacific Ocean. Lat. 19. 11. S. ion. 140. 11. W. 
Greenwich. 
DU'KEDOM, / The feigniory or polfeflions of a 
duke.— i lie cardinal never religned his purple for the 
prolpett of giving an heir to the dukedom or Tulcany. 
Addifon .—The title or quality of a duke. 
DUKE'E, or Dust, a town of Afia, in the country of 
Candahar, in the r^ad from Candahur to Mouitan : 180 
miles fouth-eall of Candahar. 
DU'KLA, a town of Poland, in the palatinate of San- 
domirz : fixty miles fouth-louth-vvell of Sandomirz. 
DUKO'VA, a town of Lithuania, in the province of 
Minlk: (ixteen miles lbuth-eall of Minlk. 
DU'LAS, 
