f 
DYE 
The force of fire afcended fir ft on high. 
And took its dwelling in the vaulted Iky. Dry dev. 
State of life ; mode of living.—My dwelling fliall be with 
the beads of the field. Daniel. 
DWEL'LINGHOUSE, f The houfe at which one 
lives.—A perfon ought always to be cited at the place 
of his dwcllinghoufe, which he has in refpect of his habita¬ 
tion and ufual refidence; and not at the houfe which he 
has in refpedt of liis eftate, or the place of his birth. 
Ayliffc. • 
DWEL'LINGPLACE, f. The place of refidence.—■ 
People do often change their dwelling-places, and lbme muft 
die, whilft other fome do grow up into firength. Spenfer. 
DWIN, a town and cattle of Hungary : fourteen miles 
ealt of Schemnitz. 
DWI'NA, a river of Ruflia, which rifes in the fouthern 
part of the government of Vologda, and runs into the 
White Sea, a little to the north of Archangel, after a 
courfe of about 5000 miles. 
To DWIN'DLE, v. n. [bpinan, Sax.] To fiirink; to 
lole bulk ; to grow little.—Thy dwindled legs feem crawl- 
ing to the grave. Dryden. 
Our drooping days are dwindled down to nought, 
Their period finifli’d ere ’tis well begun. Thomfon. 
To degenerate ; to fink.—Religious focieties, though be¬ 
gun with excellent intentions, are faid to have dwindled 
into factious clubs. Swift. —To wear away; to lole health; 
to grow’ feeble.—We fee, that fome final 1 part of the foot 
being injured by a wrench or a blow, the whole leg 01- 
thigh thereby lofes its ftrength and nourifhment, and 
dwindles away. Locke. 
Phyficians, with their milky cheer, 
The love-fick maid, and dwindling beau, repair. Gay. 
To fall away ; to be diminifhed ; to moulder off.—Under 
Greenvil, there were only five hundred foot and three 
hundred liorfe left; the reft were dwindled away. Claren. 
DVVOR'ZEC, a town of Lithuania, in the palatinate 
ofNovogrodek : eight miles fouth of Novogrodek. 
DWOR'ZYSZCE, a town of Lithuania, in the pala¬ 
tinate of Wilna : twenty miles fouth of Wilna. 
DYE. See Die. 
DYE,/, in architecture, the trunk of the pedeftal, or 
that part between the bafe and the cornice, being fo 
called, becaufs it is often made in the form of a dye or 
cube. 
DY'ER,/. One who follows the art or profefiion of 
dying cloth, &c. 
DY'ER (fir James), an eminent lawyer and judge, 
born about 1511, at the feat of his father in Somerlet- 
fhire. He received his academical education at Broad- 
gate-hall, Oxford, whence he removed for the ftudy of 
the law to the Middle-Temple. He rofe through dif¬ 
ferent offices in his profelfion to that of chief juftice of 
the common pleas in the reign of queen Elizabeth, which 
he held for upwards of twenty-two years with a high 
character for integrity and ability. Llis temper was pla¬ 
cid and ferene, and he was free from that rudenefs and 
violence of inveCtive which too often dilgface great cha¬ 
racters on the bench. He died at his eftate of Howton 
in Huntingdonfhire, in 1581. Sir James Dyer was the 
author of a valuable Book of Reports, in folio, contain¬ 
ing cafes and decifions occurring in the reigns of Henry 
VIII. Edward VI. Mary, and Elizabeth. It was firft 
printed in 1601, and has been feveral times reprinted, 
the belt edition being that of 1688, It is much efteemed 
for concifenefs and folidity. He alfo wrote A Reading 
upon Stat. 32 Hen. VIII. c. 1. of Wills, and upon two 
others for its Explanation, 4to. 1648. 
DY'ER (John), a refpeCtable Englifh poet, fon of an 
eminent folicitor at Aberglafney in Caermarthenfhire, 
born in 1700. He was brought up at Weftminfter fchool 
under Dr. Freind, and was defigned by his father for his 
awn profelfion ; but, being atliberty, in confequence of 
D Y I 159 
his father’s death, to purfue his own inclination, he in¬ 
dulged in a natural tafte for painting, and became a pu¬ 
pil to Mr. Richardfon. He afterwards wandered about 
South Wales and the adjacent counties as an itinerant 
artift; but it does not appear that he ever attained dif- 
tjnClion in that profefiion. In 1727, he made himfelf 
known as a poet, by the publication of his GrongarHill, 
which became one of the mod: popular of deferiptive 
poems, and has been admitted into numerous collections. 
After the publication of this piece, Dyer travelled to 
Italy for profeilional improvement. If he did not ac¬ 
quire that in any confiderable degree, he certainly im¬ 
proved his poetical tafte, and laid in ar-ftore of new 
images. Thefe he difplayed in a poem of fomc length, 
written in blank verfe, and publilhed in 1740, intitled 
The Ruins of Rome. It conlifts of a fimilar combination 
of defeription and fentiment with his Grongar Hill, but 
both in a more elevated and varied ftile, proportioned 
to the fuperior magnitude of the fubjeCt. Dr. Johnfon 
fays of it, that “ the title raifes greater expedition than 
the performance gratifies.” This, upon the whole, may 
be the fa£t; yet it contains many paltages truly poetical, 
•and the ftrain of moral and political reflection is that of 
a benevolent and enlightened mind. The author being 
in a delicate flate of health, and by character apparently 
not calculated to make his way in bufy life, was adviled 
by his friends to take orders; his liberal education and 
irreproachable manners rendering fuch a change not un- 
luitable. He was accordingly ordained by Dr. Thomas, 
bifliop of Lincoln; and entering into the matrimonial 
flate, he fat down on a fmall living in Leiceflerfhire. 
This he exchanged for one in Lincolnfhire, to which a 
iecond benefice was loon added. His place of refidence 
was Coningiby in Lincolnfiiire ; but the fenny country 
did not agree with his health. In 1757, he publilhed 
his largeft work, The Fleece, a didaCtic poem, in four 
books. Its propoled theme is, “ the care of fheep, the 
labours of the loom, and arts of trade;” the firft part paf- 
toral, the fecond mechanical, the third hiflorical and 
geographical. The compafs, therefore, is large; but 
many of the topics are not very well adapted to poetry. 
The author did not long furvive its publication. He 
died of a gradual decline in 1758, leaving behind him, 
befides the reputation of an ingenious poet, the charac¬ 
ter of an honefl, humane, and good man. His poems 
were printed together in one volume oCtavo, 1761. He 
was the author of a few fmaller pieces befides thofe 
above-mentioned. 
DY'ER’s ISLAND, a fmall ifland of America, in 
Narraganfett Bay. 
DY'ER’s WEED. See Genista and Reseda. 
DY'ING, the part, of die. Expiring; giving up the 
ghoft. Tinging ; giving a new colour. 
DY'ING,/. The art of fixing or communicating any 
given colour to the fabric of cloth, filk, cotton, linen, 
&c. Some lexicographers include, as part of the mean¬ 
ing of this word, a developement of the nature and pro¬ 
perties of thofe colours which conflitute the dye ; but 
this evidently forms one of the departments of chemiftry: 
thofe, therefore, who would excel in the profefiion of a 
dyer, ought to ftudy with due attention the elements of 
that invaluable fcience. The French nation, always our 
mod powerful rival in commerce and manufadtures, 
juftly appreciating the high importance of the dying art, 
hath wifely inftituted rewards to thofe who make ufeful 
difcoveries in it; and fucceflively appointed thofe 
eminent chemifts Dufay, Hellot, Macquer, and Ber- 
thollet, to inveftigate and improve the then imperfect 
knowledge of the properties of all the dying ingredients, 
fo intimately connedted with chemiftry. Hencesthe 1 <te 
improvements in the art of dying, in the permanency o. r 
colours, in the beauty of tints, and facility of execution, 
are to be attributed in a great meafure to the indefati- ^ 
gable refearch of the French chemifts. And hence, in 
4 modern Treatife of Dying, a reference to thefe im- 
provements^ 
