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SCBATA'NA, anciently the capital of Media, and 
refidence of its kings, built by Deioces, king of the Medes, 
according to Herodotus: Pliny fays, by Selcitcus ; but 
that could not be, becaufe it is mentioned by Demodhenes. 
rt was fituated on a gentle declivity, didant twelve Hadia 
from Mount Orontes, and was in compafs 150 dadia. Here 
ftood the royal treafury and tombs. It had a very ftrong 
citadel, encompalfed with feven walls, the outermod of 
which was the lowed, and each of the red progreffively 
higher, fo that they all overtopped each other; and were 
each of a different colour. The outermod was white; the 
fecond black} the third purple; the fourth blue; the 
fifth red, or rather of an orange colour; and the fummit 
©f the fixth was covered with diver, and that of the fe- 
venth or innermod, with gold. Such is the account given 
by Herodotus, i. 98. It appears not improbable that- thefe 
walls had a reference to the feven planets, though nothing 
is hinted on that fubjeft by the hidorian.—From fcrip- 
t-ure hidory we learn, that this city was the royal feat of 
Arphaxad, who encompaded it with a done wall, and 
erefted its gates; both of which were remarkable for 
their extraordinary dimenfions. It was taken by Nabucho- 
donofor, king of Affyria, after a battle in which Arphaxad 
was dain. Judith, i. It is faid that Alexander the Great 
found 26,000 talents of gold in the treafury of this city.— 
Another Ecbatana of Perfia, a town of the Magi. Pliny .— 
A third of Syria. 
ECBO'LICS,.yf. [from s vJaKKu, Gr. to cad out.] Me¬ 
dicines which caufe abortion. 
ECBCPLIUM, f. in botany. See J usticia. 
ECBRYSO'MA,/! [from ex, and @v%c-u, Gr. the fkin.] 
With furgeons, the protuberance of a bone at the joint, 
which appears through the (kin. 
EC'CARD, or Eckhard (John-George), a learned 
antiquarian, born in 1674; at Duingen, in the didrift of 
Lauendein, where his father was chief foreder. He was 
fent to the fchool of Pforta, where his favourite dudy 
was poetry. He then removed to Leipfic, where he be¬ 
came acquainted with the celebrated Leibnitz. In 1696 
be left Leipfic, became a corrector of the prefs,. and af¬ 
terwards fecr.etary to field-marfhal count Fleming, wh© 
intended to make him major of his regiment; but neither, 
theology, to which he was dedined by his mother, nor 
the military profefiion, were agreeable to his tade. By 
the recommendation of Leibnitz, he obtained the profef- 
forfhip of hidory at Helmdadt, in 1706; and in 1713 he 
was appointed a counfellor of the eleftorate of Hanover, 
and hidoriographer, in confequence of which he afiided 
Leibnitz in his Origines Guelphica , and in 1717 he became 
his fuccefior as librarian at Hanover. After this he tra¬ 
velled at the expence of George I. through great part of 
Germany, to fearch the libraries and archives for manu- 
feripts and materials to enable him to profecute the com¬ 
pilation of the above-mentioned genealogical work. His 
Origines Sabaudica, procured him the favour of the great 
prince Eugene of Savoy; and his Origines Families Half- 
Lurgo-Aujlriac#, that of count von Zinzendorf, through 
whofe means the emperor Charles VI. railed him to the. 
rank of nobility. He proceeded to Cologne, and on the 
2d of February, 1724, he formally abjured the Lutheran 
religion in the college of. the Jefuits, in that city. The 
eleftor of Cologne treated him with great refpeft, and 
cardinals Padionei and Spinola allured him of the pro¬ 
tection of pope Innocent XII. who promifed benefices to 
both his foils if he would come to refide at Rome. The 
eleftor of Mentz, the eleftor Palatine, and the princes of 
Paffau and Fulda, and the nobility of Milan, all made him. 
mod advantageous offers, to enable him to complete his 
Scriptores rerum llalicarum ; but he entered into the fer- 
vice of the bifhopric of Wurzburgh, where he was en- 
t-ruded with the care of the library belonging to the 
court and the 4 univerfity. The dean and chapter com¬ 
mitted to his charge the valuable manuferipts contained 
in the diplomatic archives of the cathedral, which he ar¬ 
ranged and claffed with great ability. Several propofals 
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for improving the form of the academic leftures, and 
edablifiiing a profefibrfhip of the law of nature at Wurz¬ 
burgh; calling the public attention to the much-negleft- 
ed natural hidory of that didrift; the intereding account 
of the old imperial palace of Salzburgh, near Neudadt, 
on the Saal; and his Commentarii de rebus Francis Orientalis, 
printed with great magnificence at Wurzburgh, in two 
folio volumes, were the fruits of his meditation and 
dudy, which he often continued throughout the day, 
and till a late hour at night. It is.much to be regretted, 
however, that he did not live to puPthe lad hand to his 
important work on the hidory of Wurzburg. While de¬ 
fining, in the preface, the boundaries of the bifiiopric 
under St. Burckhard, he was fuddenly feized with a mor¬ 
tal difeafe, which put a period to his exifience in ti e 
month of February, 1730. The principal of his works 
are, 1. De ufu (3 prajlantia Jludii. ctymolbgici in hijloria ; 
Helmd. 1706, 4to. 2. Hijloria Jludii etymoldg. lingua Ger¬ 
manic# •, Hanov. 1711, 8vo. 3. Leges Francorum Salic# (3 
Ripuariorum ; Francf. & Lipf. 1720, folio. 4. Origines 
families Halfburgico-Aujlriaces; Lipf. 1721, folio. 5. Hijloria 
gencalog. Principum Saxon, &c. (Pc. Acccdunt origines Sabau¬ 
dica- Jlanma Dfiderartum genuinum y origo (Lomus Br. Luneb. (3 
Czarces connexio, ( 3 c. Lipf. 1722, folio. 6. Corpus Hiforiarum 
mediiavi ; Lipf. 1723, vol. ii. folio. 7. An Account of 
ancient Salzburg, and the Palace Salz, in Franconia ; 
Wurzburg, 1725, 8vo. Leipfic, 1751, 8vo. 8. Commentarii 
de-rebus Francia orientalis (3 epifeopatus Wirceburgenfis, ( 3 c. 
Wirceb. 1729, tom. ii. folio; a work of great learning, 
and an honourable tedimony of the author’s extenfive 
knowledge of hidory. 9. De origine Germanonm corumque 
vctufijjimis coloniis, migrationibus ac rebus gefis, libri duo ; 
Goetting. 1/50, 4to. cum fig. 10. Origines Guelphic#; 
Opus praeunte D. God. Guil. Leibnitio, D. Jd. Geo. Eccardi 
Uteris confignatum, pofea a D. Jo. Dan. Grubero novis proba- 
tionibus itjlr.u(lum,.variifque pernecefjariis animadverfionibiis caf- 
tigatum ; jam vero in lucent emijfum a Chrijl. Lud. Scheidio ; 
Hanov. tom. i. 1730, tom. ii. 1751, tom. iii. 1752, tom.iv. 
& tilt. 1753, folio. 
ECCATHAR'TICS,/ [from M Gr. to purge.]; 
According to Gorraeus, eccathartics are remedies which, 
applied to the fkin, open tlie pores; but in general they 
are underdood to be deobdruents : fometimes expefto- 
rants are thus called, and fo are purgatives. 
ECCEN'TRIC, or Eccentrical, adj. [ eccentricus, 
Lat.] Deviating from the center. Not having the fame 
center with another circle: fuch circles were fird fup- 
pofed by the Ptolemaic philofophy.—Whence is it that 
planets move all one and the fame way in orbs concen¬ 
tric, while comets move all manner of ways in orbs very 
eccentric ? Nczvton-.- 
They build, unbuild, contrive. 
To fave appearances : they gird the fphere 
With centric, and eccentric, fcribbl’d o’er, 
Cycle and epicycle, orb in orb. Milton. 
Not terminating in the fame point; not direfted by the' 
fame principle.—Whatfoever affairs pafs fuch a man’s 
hands, he crooketh them to his own ends’; which mud 
needs be often eccentric to the ends of his mader. Bacon. —• 
Irregular; anomalous; deviatingjrom dated and condant 
methods.—This motion, like others of the times r leemsc 
eccentric and irregular. King Charles. 
Then from whate’er we can to fenfe produce, 
Common and plain, or wond’rous and abdrufe, . 
From nature’s condant or eccentric \scws, 
The thoughtful foul this general inference draw’s, 
That an effeft mud prefuppofe a.cauf'e. Prior. 
ECCENTRPCI.TY, f. Deviation fronr a center. The 
date of having a different center from another circle.—Irr 
regard of eccentricity, and the epicycle wherein it moveth, 
the motion of the moon is unequal'. Brozun. —By reafon of 
tlie fun’s eccentricity to the earth,, and obliquity to the 
equator, he appears to us to move unequally. Holder.— 
j:. Ex.curfi.ort- 
