234 
E C II 
Ovate ; the avenues not grooved. 102. Echinus brif- 
foides: oblong; with four biporous, ovate-lanceolate, 
avenues, united by tranfverfe grooves, with larger tu¬ 
bercles placed archwife between them. Found frequently 
in a foible date: adulate, rough with granulations; mouth 
kidney-ihaped, and furrounded with a pentagonal bar of 
pores,. 
103. Echinus teres: convex, with four biporous petal- 
lhaded avenues not united. Refembles the lad, but the 
mouth is broader, and there is a carinate line perforated 
with pores each fide descending from the crown. 
104. Echinus oliva: above convex, pundtured, olive, 
with a double naked band reaching from the mouth to 
the vent. Shell with four deflate rays above. 
105. Echinus amygdala: refembling an almond in 
figure. 
106. Echinus ovalis : adulate, oval, with ten avenues 
and fpaces, the latter divided by a ferrate future in the 
middle. Found hitherto only in a fodile date, and is pro¬ 
bably, not of this divifion. 
107. Echinus pyriformis : ovate, and gibbous at one 
end ; the bafe flat ; avenues five, fomewhat petahfliaped, 
and obfcdetely porous. Found hitherto in a foflile date 
only. Mouth and vent round, the former fomething 
heart-diaped, angular, and five-lipped. 
108. Echinus lapifcancri: obtufely oval, convex ; crown 
eccentric, and perforated with four pores ; avenues five, 
biporous, ovate-lanceolate, and cleft at the tip. Found 
as yet only in a foflile date. Mouth as in the lad ; vent 
placed above the broader margin of the (hell, mouth at 
the narrower end and nearer the bafe ; bafe flat, (lightly 
excavated, naked in the middle, elfewhere covered with 
a circle of tubercles difpofed in rows. 
109. Echinus patillaris: very much depreded ; with 
avenues refembling a bar. Found only in a fodile date ; 
circumference ovate ; back alittle convex, the bafe (light¬ 
ly excavated ; ddes granulate ; mouth orbicular. 
ECHI'NUS J. in botany. See Allamanda, Hydnum, ■ 
and Statice. 
ECHIOI'DES. See Li r copsis and Myosotis. 
ECHIRE', a town of France, in the department of the 
Two Sevres, and chief place of a canton, in the diflrict of 
Niort, on the Sevre Niortoife : four miles north of Niort. 
ECHI'TES, f, [lb named by Browne, probably from 
Gr. a viper ; perhaps on account of its deleterious 
quality. Egm?; is the ferpent-done.] Savanna Flower: 
in botany, a genus of the clafs pentandria, order monogy- 
nia, natural order contortae, (apocine®, JuJf .) The gene¬ 
ric characters are—Calyx: pe-rianthiumfive-parted, (harp, 
(mail. Corolla: one-petalled, funnel-form ; border five- 
cleft, flat, fpreading very much; nedtary of five glands 
banding round the germ. Stamina : fllaments flve, (len¬ 
der, eredt; anther® did’, oblong, acuminate, converging. 
Pidillmn : germs two; dyle filiform, length of the fla- 
mens; ftigma oblong-headed, two-lobed, attached by a 
gluten to the anther®. Pericarpium : follicles two, ex¬ 
tremely long, one-celled, one-valved. Seeds: very many, 
imbricate, crowned with long down.— Ejfential CkaraEltr. 
Contorted ; follicles two, long, flraight; feeds, downy ; 
corolla, funnel-form, with the throat naked. 
Species. 1. Echites biflora, or two-flowered echites : 
peduncles two-flowered. A branched fit rub, full of a 
milky juice, fupporting itfelf by dems partly erect, partly 
twining upon trees, and mounting them to the height of 
twenty feet; hence frequently acquiring the air of a tree. 
Leaves oblong, growing narrower to the bafe, obtufe at 
the end, with a fmall point three inches long; flowers 
handfome, very white, with a yellow throat; but void 
of (cent in ail the fpecies. Native of mod of the Carib- 
bee Iflands, in fait mardies. 
1. Echites quinquangularis, or five-dded echites : pe¬ 
duncles racemed ; leaves ovate, acute. Stems twining, 
(hrubby, fomewhat fcabrous ; leaves three inches long; 
flowers about flxteen, green, with a yellowilh border, the 
edge of the tube-white, and in form of a pentagon. This 
E C H 
is not milky. Native of Carthagena in South America; 
flowers in October. 
3. Echites fuberedta, or oval-leaved echites, or favan- 
na-flower: peduncles racemed ; leaves fubovate, obtufe, 
nmcronate. A flirub, differing mucli from its congeners, 
abounding in milky juice, among other flirubs growing 
to the height of ten feet, but in favannas only three feet, 
and fometimes fcarcely a foot high ; dems fcarcely twin¬ 
ing, climbing; leaves approaching more or lefs to an 
ovate form, either fmootli on both Tides, or fcabrous at 
the back. The peduncles fupport a few large, hand¬ 
fome, yellow, flowers, hirfute on the outfiae, and in the 
tube. It grows naturally in Jamaica in the favannas, 
whence it is chiefly known in that ifland .by the name of 
favanna-fower. It is alfo very common in the ifland of 
St. Domingo; flowering from September to March. Dr. 
Browne fays, that all the parts of this plant are extremely 
poifonous. 
4. Echites agglutinata, or glutinous echites: peduncles 
racemed ; leaves ovate, emarginate, with an acumen. 
Stems twining, (hrubby; leaves four inches long; flowers 
fmall, white. When the follicles are feparated, which is 
eadly done, a drop of watery glutinous liquor, fuch as 
the whole plant abounds with, flows out at the two 
points by which they had cohered. Found on moun¬ 
tains near Cape Francois, in Domingo; flowering in De¬ 
cember. 
5. Echites torulodi, or climbing echites : peduncles 
fubracemed ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate. This is a 
weakly plant, which commonly fudains itfelf by the help 
of the neighbouring buflies, and frequently rifes to a con- 
dderable height among them. The whole plant abounds 
in a milky gluten. Frequent about the foot of the moun¬ 
tains in Liguanea, in the illand of Jamaica; flowering in 
March. 
6. Echites umbellata, or umbelled echites : peduncles 
umbelled ; leaves ovate, obtufe, mueronate, (tern twin¬ 
ing. This climbs to the height of flfteen feet by means 
of its (hrubby, twining, pliant, dems, which are woody 
and fuberOus at the bottom, but round, green, and glof- 
fy, above. The whole abounds in a clear glutinous juice. 
Leaves roundifli-ovate, fubcordate at the bafe, three or 
four inches long; flowers large, handfome, the border 
white, the tube green on the outfi.de ; Browne deferibes 
them to be pale yellow, with a pretty long flender tube. 
He remarks, that like the red of this natural clafs, it is 
fomewhat of a deleterious nature; and that there is a 
fmall variation of it in the drier parts of the favannas,' 
with pointed leaves, and very flender dalks. Native not 
only of Jamaica, but of Domingo and Cuba; flowering 
from Odtober to February. Browne, rightly perceiving 
that this plant did not properly conform itfelf to any 
known genus, condituted this new one of echites, which 
is now univerfally adopted. 
7. Echites trifida, or trifid echites: peduncles trifid, 
many-flowered ; leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate. Stems 
twining, dirubby ; leaves three inches in length ; flowers 
large, pretty, the tube purple, and the border green. It 
climbs trees to the height of twelve feet, and the whole 
plant is milky. Native of South America, near Cartha- 
gena ; flowering in Odtober. 
8. Echites repens, or creeping echites: peduncles 
many-flowered, divided ; leaves lanceolate-oblong. This 
is an elegant dirubby plant, not milky, with round fmooth 
dems ; the older ones procumbent, and putting out roots; 
the younger fuberecr, and thickened at the joints into 
difeoid knots. Native of St. Domingo ; flowering from 
Oclober to December. 
9. Echites corymbofa, or corymbed echites : racemes 
corymbed; ff.miens ffanding out; leaves lanceolate-ovate. 
This climbs up trees with its twining (hrubby dems 
twenty feet in height, and the whole of it abounds with 
a white glutinous milk; flowers numerous, fmall, red, 
or purple. Native of the ifland of St. Domingo, flower¬ 
ing in November; in the mountainous woods of Hifpa- 
niolaj, 
