451 
E L E 
nancy; but inwardly taken, they fallen upon the veins, 
and occafion an eff'ulion of blood. Brown. 
ELEMENTA'RITY, or Elemen'tariness,/'. Con¬ 
taining rudiments or fil'd principles ; the fimplicity of 
nature, or abfence of compofition ; being uncompound¬ 
ed.—A very large clafs of creatures in the earth, far 
above the condition of elementarily. Brown, 
ELEMEN'TARY, adj. Uncompounded ; having only 
one principle or conftituent part.—The elementary falts of 
animals are not the fame as they appear by diftillation. 
Arbuthnot. —Initial; rudimental.—It is probable, that be¬ 
fore the time of Ariftotle there were elementary treadles 
of geometry, which are now loft. Reid. 
ELEMEN'TATED, adj. Made up of the elements, 
compofed of the elements. Not much ufed. Scott. 
ELE'MI, or Elemni,/! called gum-elemi, a dry refinous 
fubftance, brought from the Eaft Indies and Ethiopia; 
an inferior fort is the produce of a fpecies of olive-tree in 
the Spanilh Weft Indies; the amyriJelemifera. Linn. The 
elemi tree is alfo called rnyrobalauus Zcylanicus ; elemnifera 
curajj'avica arbor ; kakuria. What we have from the eaft 
is wrapped in flag-leaves ; is foftifli, fomewhat tranfpa- 
rent ; of a pale whitifh yellow colour, inclining to green; 
inflammable, and of an agreeable flavour when melting; 
to the tafte it is bitferifti ; it diflblves totally in redtified 
fpirit of wine ; by diftillation with water, about one ounce 
of eflential oil is obtained from fixteen of the gum. 
ELEMI'FERAjyi in botany. See Amyris. 
ELEN'CH, or Elf.nchus,/’. \_elenchus, Lat. from e \zy- 
p^o?, Gr.] In antiquity, a kind of ear-rings fet with large 
pearls. In logic, a vicious or fallacious argument, which 
deceives under the guife of truth ; the fame with what 
is now called Jbphifm. —Dilcover the fallacies of our com¬ 
mon adverfary, that old fophifter, who puts the moil 
abufive elenck on us. Decay of Piety. 
ELENC'TICAL, adj. [ elendicus , Lat. of of 
sAe yx u > Gr. to refute.] That ferves to convince or confute. 
ELEN'GI,yi in botany. See Mimusops. 
E'LENT, a town of Germany, in the archduchy of 
Auftria : fix miles north-north-weft of Brugg. 
ELEOSAC'CH ARUM,y: [of e^iov, Gr. oil, and fac- 
carurn, Lat. fugar. ] A mixture of oil and fugar together, 
which is ufed with the diftilied oils, to make them mix 
with aqueous fluids for prefent ufe. 
ELEOSELI'NUM,^. in botany. See Apium. 
E'LEOTS, f. Some name the apples in requeft in the 
cyder countries fo ; not known by that name in feveral 
parts of England. Mortimer. 
E'LEPH, a city of Paleftine, fituated in the tribe of 
Benjamin. JoJh. xviii. 28. 
• E'LEPHANT, f. [elcphas, Lat.] The largeft of all 
quadrupeds, for whole fagacity, faithfulnefs, prudence, 
and even underftanding, fee the article Elephas. 
The elephant hath joints, but not for courtefy ; 
His legs are for neceflity, not flexure. Shakefpeare. 
Ivory ; the teeth of elephants : 
High o’er the gate, in elephant and gold, 
The crowd fliall Casfar’s Indian war behold. Dryden. 
E'LEPHANT (knights of), f. An order of knighthood 
in Denmark, conferred upon perfons of quality and me¬ 
rit. It is alfo called the order of St. Mary. Its inftitution 
is faid to have been owing to an officer among the Danifli 
croifes having killed an elephant, in an expedition againft 
the Saracens, in 1184; in memory of which king Canu- 
tus inftituted this order, the badge of which is a towered 
elephant, with an image of the Virgin Mary encircled 
with rays, and hung on a blue ribbon, like the George 
in England. 
E'LEPHANT MOUNTAIN, a mountain on the fouth- 
eaft coaft of the ifland of Ceylon: feventy-four miles fouth- 
eaft of Candy. 
E'LEPHANT’s FOOT. See Elephantopus, 
E L E 
ELEPHAN'TA, a Anal 1 ifland in the Indian Sea, on 
the weftern coaft of Hindooftan, about five miles from 
Bombay, ceded to the Englifh by the Mahrattas. Its 
proper name is Gali Pouri ; but the Portuguefe, while in 
their poffeflion, gave it the name of Elephanta, from the 
figure of an elephant, as large as life, coarfely, but cor¬ 
rectly, fculptured out of very hard and durable black 
ftone, Handing on a platform near the landing-place, at 
the foot of a mountain. In the interior of the ifland is a 
moft curious Hindoo temple, cut or mined in the folid 
rock, and decorated with images of the ancient Brahmin 
idol worth ip ; for particulars of which, fee the article 
Hindoostan. 
ELEPHANTIA'SIS, f. [from 6 A £ <p Gr. the ele¬ 
phant.] A horrible cutaneous diforder, in which the legs 
grow fcaly, rough, and wonderfully large, like the legs 
of an elephant. 
ELEPHANTI'N A, or Elepran'tine, a beautiful 
ifland of the Nile, famous for the ruins of an ancient 
temple; fituated near Syene, at the fouthern extremity 
of Upper Egypt, and forming part of the falls or cata¬ 
racts which terminate the navigation of the Nile in 
Egypt. .See p. 353, of this volume. 
ELEPHAN'TINE, adj. \_elephantinus, Lat.] Pertaining 
to.the elephant. In Roman antiquity, it w'as an appel¬ 
lation given to the books wherein were regiftered the 
tranfadtions of the fenate and magiftrates of Rome, of the 
emperors or generals of armies, and of the provincial ma¬ 
giftrates; the births and claffes of the people, and other 
things relating to the cenfus. They were fo called, as 
being made of leaves of ivory or elephants talks. 
EI.EPHAN'TIS, a poetefs who wrote lafeivious verfes. 
Martial. —A princefs by whom Danaus had two daugh¬ 
ters. Apollod. — An ifland in the river Nile, in Upper 
Egypt; with a town of the fame name, called Elcphan - 
tina. Strabo. 
ELEPMANTO'MACHI. See Ethiopia. 
ELEPFIAN'TOPUS,/. Elephant’s Foot; [fo named 
by Vaillant, from the lhape of the lower leaves in the 
firft fpecies.] In botany, a genus of the clafs fyngenefia, 
order polygamia fegregata, natural order of compofita? 
capitatae, (corymbiteras, Jufj.) The generic characters 
are—Calyx : involucre of three broad, lharp, leaflets, 
many-flowered, large, permanent, without an umbel; 
perianthium partial, four-flowered, oblong, imbricate; 
feales lance-fubulate, mucronate, upright, of which the 
four longer are equal. Corolla: compound tubular; 
corollets hermaphrodite, five or four, equal, difpofed in 
a fingle circle; proper one-petalled, tubular; border 
narrow, five-parted, nearly equal. Stamina: filaments 
five, capillary, very ftiort ; antherre cylindric, tubular. 
Piftillum : germ ovate, crowned; ftyle filiform, length 
of the ftamens; ftigmas two, (lender, fpreading. Peri- 
carp.ium: none; calyx unchanged. Seeds: folitary, cora- 
p re (fed ; down briftle.form. Reeeptaculum : naked.—■ 
Effential CharaEler. Calyx, four-flowered ; corolla tubular, 
hermaphrodite ; reeeptaculum naked ; down briftle-form. 
Species. 1. Elephantopus fcaber, or rough-leaved ele¬ 
phant’s foot: leaves oblong, fcabrous. This fends out 
from a perennial root many oblong rough leaves, which 
fpread near the ground ; between thefe, in the fpring, 
arifes a branching ftalk, little more than a foot high. The 
fide-branches are fhort, and generally terminated by two 
heads of flowers, each on a ftiort peduncle. The florets 
are of a pale purple colour. Dillenius deferibes it more 
particularly : height commonly eighteen inches or two 
feet; Item rigid, round, and hairy, the thicknefs of the 
little finger at the bottom ; leaves embracing, much 
wrinkled, hirfute, with hairs over the whole furface, 
ferrate, but the ferrature frequently not very confpicuous, 
becaufe the leaves are fo much wrinkled and bent. From 
the axils of thefe, towards the top, fpring forth the 
flowering branches, terminated by leafy heads collected 
in bundles; each having two or three leaves under it, 
inftead 
