E L I 
Hiatenfued., He was in feveraL aCtions, and received a 
wound at the battle of Dettingen. He rofe through the 
gradations ofcaptain, major, and lieutenant-colonel ; and 
was afterwards appointed aid-de-camp to George II. and 
became diftinguilhed as an able officer. In 1759, he was 
appointed to raife the regiment of light hprfe which made 
jtfelf fo well known, under the name of Eliott’s, for ac¬ 
tivity, difcipline, and enterprife. This he commanded in 
Germany, where he ailed as a ftafF-officer, and on all occa- 
lions maintained his reputatios. He was recalled from 
the continent, in order to be fent as fecond in command 
on the expedition againd the Havannah. There he not' 
only diftinguilhed himfelf in his military capacity, but dis¬ 
played alfo a difinterefted regard tojuftice. His regiment, 
the 15th of light dragoons, obtained from the king the 
horlorary appellation of Royals. The general continued 
to pay that attention to military affairs which became his 
ruling paftion ; and in 1775, he was named commander-in¬ 
chief of the troops in Ireland. But'finding that there 
were political interferences in this department which he 
could not brook, lie folicited to be recalled ; and was foon 
after appointed to a ftation in which he might exercife his 
talents without controul. This was the important place 
of governor of Gibraltar, which proved the c hief theatre 
of his glory. For this lie was excellently fitted by a habit 
of unremitting vigilance and undeviating regularity, inad¬ 
dition to his thorough knowledge of all the detail of forti- 
ficationand gunnery. He had,moreover, accuftomed him¬ 
felf toamode of life which rendered him fuperior to every 
inconvenience and privation that can occur in a befieged 
fortrefs. The fiege of Gibraltar, which began foon after 
thedeclaration of hoftilities by Spain, was one of the mod 
remarkable events of the war, and attracted the notice of 
all Europe. With a fmall number of men, Eliott foiled 
all the attempts of a numerous foe; and when the opera¬ 
tions of the fiege were quickened, and rendered more for¬ 
midable, by the aid of a more aftive enemy, he (till main¬ 
tained that fuperiority of defence which kept danger at a 
diftance. The final grand attack by the famous floating 
batteries, afforded one of the mod awful fpeftacles of de- 
ltruftion ever beheld. Befides the fpirit of exaft difci¬ 
pline which he infilled into hisgarrifon, and his judicious 
management of the means of defence, he was very alfidu-. 
ous in his attention to the prefervation of the health of his 
men, under their long privations of frefii and wholefome 
diet. His own partiality for vegetable food fuggefted to 
him extraordinary efforts to form gardens on the fcanty 
foil, which fucceeded to a degree that proved highly bene¬ 
ficial. On bis ret urn to England after the peace, the general 
was received with great applaufe by the public; and the 
king, befides conferring upon him the order of the Bath, 
railed him to the peerage in 17S7, by the ftyle of Lord 
Heathfield, baron of Gibraltar. He was meditating a re¬ 
turn to his government, with the intention of ending his 
life on the rock he had fo well defended, when lie was 
feized by a paralytic ftroke, which carried him off at Aix- 
la-Chapelle, in July, 1790, in his feventy-third year. By 
his lady, the daughter of fir Francis Drake, of De vonfliire, 
he left a fon and a daughter. 
ELI'PHALET, [Heb. the God of deliverance.] A 
man’s name. 
EL'IPHAZ, [of bx God, and ns he ftrengthened, Heb. 
the ftrength of God.] One of Job’s friends. 
ELIQUA'TION, f. an operation in chemiftry, by 
means of which a more fufible fubftance is feparated from 
another which is lefs fufible. It confifts in the applica¬ 
tion of a degree of heat fufficient to fufe the former, but 
xiot the latter. It may be effected either by ufing a per¬ 
forated crucible, or in the large way, by a furnace con- 
Ilrufted to anfwer the fame purpofe. In order that a fe- 
paration may follow by this method, it is neceflliry that 
the combination between the two fubftances Ihould be by 
no means intimate. Thus fulphur may be feparated from 
its earthy admixtures by the gentle heat neceftary to fufe 
ft; but it cannot, in the fame manner, be feparated from. 
E L I 475 
its metallic combinations. So likewife lead may be fe¬ 
parated by eliquation from copper ; but tin cannot. 
, E'LIS, a country of Pelopohnefus at the weft of Ar¬ 
cadia, and north of Meflenia, extending along the couft, 
and watered by the river Alpheus. The capital of the 
country is called Elis , now Bdmdcre. It was originally 
governed by kings, and received its name from Elens, 
one of its monarchs. Elis was famous for the horfes it 
produced, whofe celerity was fo often known and tried 
at‘the Olympic games. Virgil. 
ELI'S'A VET GRAD, a town of Ruffia, in the go¬ 
vernment of Ekaterinoflav, on the Ingul: 108 miles weft 
of Ekaterinoflav. 
ELI'SHA, Heb. of bx and inir', falvation, &c. 
i.e. the falvation of God.] The fon of Shaphat, a He¬ 
brew prophet, and the fuccelfor of Elijah, was taken 
from the plough to be initiated in the duties of the pro¬ 
phetic character. From the particulars, however, which 
are recited by the facred hi dorian,- he appears to have 
been a perfou of fome weight in the community ; for 
when Elijah found him, “he was ploughing with twelve 
yoke of oxen before him, and he with the twelfth.” The 
number of working cattle and fervants employed by him 
lead us to conclude that he was a wealthy agriculturift, 
who, according to the manners of ancient times, took 
himfelf an aftive part in the labours of the field, Eli¬ 
jah’s manner of informing him that he was felefted to 
become his fervant and difciple was by catling his mantle 
upon him. He was prefent when Elijah was translated ; 
upon which event he entered on the exercife of the pro.-' 
phetic office, and foon gave, proof of the authority which, 
was transferred to him, by miraculoufly correcting the 
pernicious qualities in the waters at Jericho, and curing 
the barrennefs of the foil. We refer the reader to the 
fcripture account of this celebrated prophet, who died 
about the year before Chrift 830. 
ELI'SHAH, [Heb. it is God.] A man’s name. 
ELI'SHAH (iilesot), fo named from Elifhah, grandfonof 
Japheth; reprefented by the prophet Ezekiel, as trading 
with Tyrus. Ezek. xxvii. 7. Gen. x. 4. 
EI.ISH'AMAH, [Heb. God heareth.] A man’s name. 
ELISH'EBA, [Heb. the oath of God.] The name ol - 
a woman. 
ELI'SHUA, [Heb. God my falvation.] Aman’sname. 
ELl.'SION, y. [ difto , Lat.] The aft'of cutting-off; 
as, can't tti attempt, there is an elilion of a fyllable.—You 
will. obferve the abbreviations and elifions, by which con- 
fonants of moll obdurate founds are joined together, 
without any foftening vowel to intervene. Szvi/t. —Divi- 
fion ; feparation of parts.—The caule given of found, 
that it would be an dijioii of the air, whereby, if they 
mean any thing, they mean a cutting or dividing, or elle 
an attenuating of the air, is but a term of ignorance. 
Bacon. 
ELI'SORS,y [electors, in law.]. In cafes of challenge • 
to the fheriff and coroners for partiality, &c. the venire 
to fummon a jury IHa.ll be direfted to two clerks ot the 
court, or two perfons of the county named by the court 
and fworn. And thefe two, who are called elilors, fil'd 1 
indifferently name or choofe the jury ; and their return is 
final, nc challenge being allowed to theirarray. Co. Lit. 158. 
ELIXA'TION, f [elixus, Lat.] The aft of boiling- 
or (tewing any thing.—Even to ourfelves, and more per¬ 
fect animals, water performs no lubftantial nutrition ^ 
ferving for refrigeration, dilution of folid aliments, and 
its elixutim in the ftomach. Broom. 
E LIX' IR, J. [from cDpbx elekjer, Arab.] A medicine 
ma.de by ftrong infufion, where the ingredients are almoft 
diflblved in the menftriuim,,and form a compou ad t induce; 
For when no healing art prevail’d. 
When cordials and elixirs fail’d, 
On your pale cheek he dropp’d the fhovv’r. 
Reviv’d you like a dying fiow’r. IValier. 
The extraft or quiutefience of any thing.—In the foul, 
. x when 
