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tion ; and the emerfions from the oppofition till the con¬ 
junction. But within fifteen days of the conjunction, 
both before and after it, tliey cannot be obferved, becaufe 
the planet and his fatellites are tfien loft in the fun’s 
light ..—Emtrfum is alfo ufed when a (tar, after being hid by 
the fun, begins to re-appear, and to get out of his rays. 
EMER'SION, f in phyfies, the rifing of any fiolid 
above the furface of a fluid that is fpecifically heavier 
than the folid, into which it had been violently im- 
rnerged, or pufhed. It is one of the known laws of liy- 
droftatics, that a lighter folid, being forced down into a 
heavier fluid, immediately endeavours to emerge ; and 
that with a force equal to the excefs of the weight of a 
quantity of the fluid above that of an equal bulk of the 
folid. Thus, if the body be immerged in a fluid of double 
its fpecific gravity, it will emerge again till half its bulk 
be above the furf ce of the fluid. 
EM'ERSON (William), an eminent Englifh mathema¬ 
tician, born at Hurworth, near Darlington, in the county 
of Durham, in 1701. His father, who taught a fchool, 
was a proficient in the mathematics'; and by his inftruc- 
rions, and the books of which he was poflelfed, was his 
fon’s genius for mathematical (Indies firft unfolded. He 
devoted himfelf to a long life of ftudious retirement, in 
which he wrote his numerous treatifes. On the 20th 
of May, 1782, he fell a viftim to the (lone, in his native 
village, when he was near eighty-one years of age. Mr. 
Emerfon, from the ftrengthof his mind, and the clofenefs 
of his application, had acquired a deep knowledge of all 
the branches of mathematics and phyfics. He was alfo 
well (killed in the fcience of mufic, the theory of founds, 
and the various fcales ancient and modern, but appeared 
to poor advantage as a performer. The following is a 
lift of his publications: 1. The DoCtrine of Fluxions, 
8vo. 174S. 2. The Projection of the Sphere, orthogra¬ 
phic, ftereographic, and gnomonical, 8vo. 1749. 3. The 
Elements of Trigonometry, Bvo. 1749. 4. The Princi¬ 
ples of Mechanics, 4to. 1754. 5. A Treatife of Naviga¬ 
tion, 121110. 1755. 6. A Treatife of Algebra, in two 
books, 8vo. 1765. 7. The.Method of Increments, 8vo. 
8. The Arithmetic of Infinites, the Differentia! Method, 
and the Elements of the Conic Sections, in three books, 
8vo. 1767. 9. Mechanics, or the DoCtrine of Motion, 
&c. with the Laws of Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces 
8vo. 1769. 10. The Elements of Optics, in four books, 
8vo. 1768. 11. A Syftem of Aftronomy, 8vo; 1769. 
12. Mathematical Principles of Geography, Navigation., 
and Dialling, Bvo. 1770. 13. Clyccniathelis, or an eafy 
Introduction to the feveral Branches of the Mathematics, 
8vo. 1770. 14. A Commentary on Sir Ifaac Newton’s 
Principia, with a Defence of Sir Ifaac againft the Objec¬ 
tions made to feveral Parts of his Works, Svo. 1770. 
15. A volume of TraCts, in Svo. 1770. And, 16. An¬ 
other of Mifcellanies, containing feveral Mathematical 
Subjects, 8vo. 1776. 
E'MERSTORFF, a town of Germany, in the archdu¬ 
chy of Auftria, cn the Danube: Tixteen miles aboveCrems. 
EM'ERUS. See Hsch-ynomene and- C oronilla. 
E'M K R Y_, f. ' \_fmyris , Lat. efmeril, Fr.] A mineral, 
which yields to no fubftance in hurdnefs, except the dia¬ 
mond.—The lapidaries cut the ordinary gems on their 
wheels, by fprinkling the wetted powder of emery over 
them ; but it will not touch the diamond. It is conftantly 
ufed in cleaning and polilhing fteel. See the article Mi¬ 
neralogy. 
EME'SA, a town of Afiatic i urkey, in the pachalic 
of Dumafcus : twenty-five miles (otrth of Hama. 
EME'TIC, or Emittic.vl, adj. [ emetica, Lat. from epea), 
Gr. to vomit.] Having the quality of provoking vomits. 
—Various are the temperaments and operations of herbs ; 
Lome purgative, forne emetic, and fome fudorific. Hale. 
EME'TIC, f. A medicine which provokes vomiting. 
EME'TICALLY, adv. In fuch a manner as to pro¬ 
voke to vomit. — It has been complained of, that prepa¬ 
rations of filver have produ&d violent vomits j wliqreas 
1 
E M I .503 
we have not obferved duly-refined filver to w.ork emeti- 
cally , even in women and girls. Boyle. 
E'METZ, a town of Ruffian Siberia, in the govern¬ 
ment of Tobolfk : twenty-eight miles weft of Ifchim. 
EMICA'TlON,yi [_emicatio, Lat.] Sparkling; flying 
off in fmall particles, as fpriglitly liquors.—-Iron, in aqua¬ 
fortis, will fall into ebullition with noife and emication, as 
alfo a crafs and fumid exhalation. Brown. 
EMIC'TION,/! [from emiElum, -Lat. ] Urine; what is 
voided by the urinary paflages.—Gravel and ftone grind 
away the flefh, and eff'ufe the blood apparent in a fan- 
guine emiElion. Harvey .. 
EM'I GR A NTS, f. [of emigrans, Lat.] Thofe who go 
out of their own country to refide in another, oonftrained 
either by poverty or perfecution, as the Palatines, StraL 
burghers, French priefts, &c.—All thefe emigrants were 
to receive pay and fubliftence for fome years at the public 
expence. Robertfon. 
To EM'IGRATE, v. a. \emigro, Lat.] To remove from 
one place to another. 
EMIGRA'TION, f. Change of habitation ; removal 
from one place to another.—We find the originals of 
many kingdoms either by victories, or by emigrations, or 
intefline commotions. Hale. 
EM 1 LI' (Paul), (yEmilias, Lat.) an hiftorian of reputa¬ 
tion, native of Verona. He had obtained a great charac¬ 
ter in Italy, when the cardinal de Bourbon brought him 
to France in 1487. After the death of his patron, Paul 
was obliged for his fubfiftence to teach the languages in a 
college of the univerfity. Through the recommendation 
of Stephen Poncher, bifhop of Paris, he was engaged by 
Louis XU. to write in Latin the hiftory of France, and 
for this purpofe he was gratified with a canonry in the 
cathedral of Notre Dame. He retired to the college of 
Navarre, where he applied for near thirty years afiidit- 
oufly to his labour, which he brought down, in ten books, 
from Pharamond to the fifth year of Charles VIII. Of 
this work the firft four books were publifhed about 1516 : 
two more were added in a fecond edition; and he left 
four more, the laft bf which being imperfeCt, was com¬ 
pleted by Daniel Zavarifi. The whole was pub 1 ifined to¬ 
gether at Paris in 1539, and has been feveral times re¬ 
printed, and tranflated into foreign languages. He is- 
praifed as the firft writer who gave to Trench hiftory a juft 
form and method. Emili died at Paris in 1529. 
EMIL'IA, a woman’s name. 
'E'MIMS, [Heb. a formidable people.] Ancient inha¬ 
bitants of the land of Canaan beyond Jordan, who were 
defeated by Chedorlaomer and his allies. Gen. xiv. 5. 
They were beaten in Shaveh-Kirjathaim, which was.in tlie 
country of Sihon, conquered from the Moabites. JoJh.y. iik 
19-21. The Emirns were a warlike people, of a gigantic 
ftature, great and many, and tall as the Anakinis. 
EMILLE'GUE, one of the Pelew i-flands. 
EM'INENCE, or EMinency, f. \_emincntia, Lat.] 
Loftinefs ; height. Summit; hjgkeft part.—Mountains 
abound with different vegetables, every vertex or epii- 
nency affording new kinds. Ray .— A part rifing above the 
reft.—They muft be imooth, almoft imperceptible to the 
touch, and without either eminence or cavities. Dryden .— 
A place where one is expofed to genera! notice.—A 
fatyr or libel on one of the common (lamp, never meets 
with that reception as what is aimed at a perfon whofe 
merit places him upon an eminence, and gives him a more 
confpicuous figure. Addijon. —Exaltation ; eonlpicucuf- 
nefs ; (late of being expofed to view ; reputation ; cele¬ 
brity ; fame; preferment; greatnefs.—When men can¬ 
not arrive to any cminency of eftate, yet religion makes a 
compenfation, by teaching content. Ti'llotjon. —Supreme 
degree. A title given to cardinals: 
Whatever pure thou in the body enjoy’d, 
And pure tlipu wert created, we enjoy 
In eminence. Milton. 
Notice; diftinction l 
' Let 
