E N C 
c’2-1 
The god awak’d, 
And tlirice in vain lie fhook his wing, 
Encumber' d\n the filken firing. Prior. 
To load with debts ; as, His ejlate is encumbered with mort¬ 
gages. 
ENCUM'BR ANCE, /. Clog; load; impediment.— 
Philofophers agreed in defpifing riches, at belt confider- 
ing them as unnecefiary encumbrances of life. Temple. —Ex- 
crefcence ; ulelefs addition : 
Strip from the branching Alps their piny load, 
The huge encumbrance of horrific woods. Thomfon. 
Burden upon an eftate.—In refpedt of the encumbrances of 
a living, confider whether it be fufficient for his family, 
and to maintain hofpitality. Ayliffc. 
ENCY'CLICAL, adj. jeynvn Aw©*, of Gr. a 
circle.] Circular; lent round through a large region.— 
This council was not received in particular fees, whijfh 
is evident from Photius’s encyclical epiftle to the patriarch 
of Alexandria. Stilling fleet. 
ENCYCLOPEDIA, or Encyclopedy, f. [of vj, in, 
v.vv-7\&, a circle, and Gr. learning. ] The circle 
of fciences; the round of learning.—In this encyclopedia 
or round of knowledge, like the great wheels of- heaven, 
we mud obferve two circles, that while we are daily car¬ 
ried about, and whirled on by the fwing and rapt of the 
one, we may maintain a natural and proper courfe in the 
fober wheel of the other. Brown. —Every fcience borrows 
from all the reft, and we cannot attain any fingle one 
without the encyclopady. Glanville. —This art may juftly 
claim a place in the encyclopedia, efpecially fuch as Jferves 
• for a model of education. Arbutknot. 
The firft work of literary eminence prefented to the 
world under this title, was the Ditlionnaire Encyelopedique 
of Meflieurs D’Alembert and Diderot, which coft above 
% twenty years of unwearied application. Of the hiftory 
and 'origin of that great and laborious undertaking, the 
following particulars are_given by Anthony Fantin-Defo- 
doards, in his Louis XT. 0 . LouisXVI. publifhed in 1798. 
“ While the Janfenites and Molinifts were bufying the 
multitude Vvith their controverfies, D’Alembert and Di¬ 
derot were compiling, under the name of Encyclopaedia, a 
vaft repertory of human knowledge. In 1752 appeared 
the firft and fecond volumes; in which the editors had 
included reflections on religion and politics,- equally 
alarming to the fanatics and to the enemies of public li¬ 
berty. The priefts, the jefuits efpecially, repeated in- 
ceflantly that this lump of argumentations, fome folid 
and fome captious, far from teaching men to think, would 
only lead them to doubt thofe principles on which the 
infti.tutions of fociety depend. The compofition of this 
vaft work neceflarily required a multitude of fellow-la¬ 
bourers. This was a center of union, and a rallying 
point for the philofophers; who began to form a body, 
wdthout owning it. There was in France an encyclopedic 
fed, as there was in Greek an ionic fe£t, an academic 
fed. Voltaire, although,remote from the metropolis, 
was the cheftain of the encyclopedifts. The afliftance 
which he gave, the greatnefs of his celebrity, the univer- 
fality of his talents, and his accefs among fovereign 
princes, confpired to obtain for him this rank. 
“The two editors, vain as they were, confidered them- 
felves merely as the lieutenants of Voltaire. To diflipate 
prejudice, to annihilate error, to enlighten mankind, to 
prepare the reign of concord and beneficence on earth, 
formed the bold defign of the encyclopedifts. They un¬ 
dertook, each in his own department of fociety, to pro¬ 
pagate, without relaxation, and in every poflible form, a 
dodtrine which was abominable in the eyes of the jefuits, 
but which their partifans confidered as humane and falu- 
taryj The great number of afiiftants, who had not equal 
talents, was the principal obftacle to the accornplifhment 
of the magnificent ptomifes made by D’Alembert in his 
profpedlus of the work. The Encyclopedia is an edifice 
of gold and of, drofs. It mull be re-made over and over 
Vol, VI. No. 369. 
END 
again, before it can attain perfedtiop ; and' even then the 
difcrepancy of ftyle, and the inequality of erudition and 
intelledl, will prevent a than of tafte front regarding it as 
an harmonious work, until the whole has been completely 
re-written. 
“The jefuits were the firft to attack the Encyclopedia : 
they entered into this warfare more from intereft and 
pique, than from any zeal for the public good. T he En¬ 
cyclopedia w 7 as intended to fupplant their dictionary of 
Trcvoux ; which was a mortification to the fociety. They 
caballed, therefore, againft the new work; arid having 
found out twenty articles which were fuf’ceptible of an 
ofFenfive interpretation by the civil or ecclefiaftical autho¬ 
rity, they obtained a decree of council, which condemned 
it. The police-officers went to the houfe of Diderot, 
and feized his manuferipts: but the Encyclopedifts foon. 
recovered this temporary inconvenience. Their main 
point was accompliflied ; they had a center of unity, an 
eftablifhed hierarchy, a fyftem to inculcate, and figns of 
recognition. They knew that perfecution is equally the 
aliment of zeal, as of fanaticifm: they fowed with la¬ 
bour, but they in vain expedled a grand harveft.” 
ENCYCLOPEDIST, f. [from encyclopedy .~\ Thecom- 
piler or editor of an encyclopaedia. 
^NCYST'ED, adj. [ayo-li?, Gr.] Enclofed in a veficle 
or bag.— Encyjied tumours borrow their names frofn .a 
cyft or bag, in which they are contained. Sharp's Surgery. 
END, f. [enb, Sax.] The extremity of the length of 
any thing materially extended. Of bodies that have 
equal dimenfions we do not life end: the extremity of 
breadth is fide. —Jonathan put forth the end of the rod 
that w’as in his hand, and dipt it in a honeycomb. 1 Sam. 
—Extremity, or laft part in general.—The extremity arid 
bounds of all bodies we have no difficulty to arrive at; 
but, when the mind is there, it finds nothing to hinder 
its progrefs into this endlefs expanfiori: of that it can 
neither find nor conceive any end. Locke. —The laft par¬ 
ticle of any allignabla duration.—Behold the day growetl* 
to an end. Judges. 
If the world’s age.and death be argued well 
By the fun’s fall, winch now tow’rds earth doth bend, 
Then we might fear, that virtue, fince fhe fell 
So low as woman, fliould be near her end. Donne. 
The conclufion or ceffktion of any action.—Jacob had 
made an end of commanding his Ions. Genejis. . 
Yet vainly mod their age in ftudy fpend; 
No end of writing books, and to no end.- Denham. 
When end is not ufed materially, it is oppofed to begin¬ 
ning. —Better is the end. than the beginning thereof. Eccltf. 
—The conclufion or laft part of any thing.: as, the end 
of a chapter; the end of a difeourfe.—Ultimate ftate; 
final doom.—Mark the perfect man, and behold the up¬ 
right; for the end of that man is peace. Pfalms. —The 
point beyond which no profeftion can be made.—They 
reel to and fro, and flagger lik’d’ a drunken man, and are 
at their wits’ end. PfalmcwU. 27.—Final determination; 
conclufion of debate, or deliberation.—My guilt be on 
my head, and there’s an end! Shakefpcare. —Death; fate; 
deceafe.—’Tis the great bufinefs of life to fit ourfelves 
for our end, and no man can live well that hath not death 
in his eye. L’EJlrange. 
Remember Milo’s end. 
Wedg’d in that timber which he flrove to rend. Rofcom. 
Ceflation; period.—What is the fign of the end of the 
world ? Mattk. —Great houfes fhall have an end. Amos. K — 
Limit; termination.—There is no endoi the ftore. Nahum. 
—Abolition; total lofs.—There would be an end of all 
civil government, if the aflignment of civil power were 
by fuch inftitution. Locke. —Caufe of death ; deftroyer: 
Take heed you dally not before your king, 
Left he that is the fupreme King of kings, 
Confound your hidden falfehood, and award 
Either of you to be the other’s end. Skakefpeare. 
6 R Confcquence; 
