m ENGL 
from the lift, becaufe they had favoured the bifttops. He 
ilLied orders to profecute all thole clergymen who had 
not read his declaration ; and all had refilled it except 
two hundred. He fent a mandate to the new fellows, 
whom he had obtruded on Magdalen college, to elect for 
prefident, in the room of Parker, lately deceafed, one 
Gilford, a do6tor of the Sorbonne, and titular bifliop of 
Madura. A drcumftance of rejoicing now all'o hap¬ 
pened in his family : the queen was brought to bed of a 
fon, who was baptifed by the name of James. But fq 
great was the public animolity againft the king, that a 
ftory was propagated that the child was fuppofititious, 
and brought to the queen’s apartment in a warming-pan ; 
a calumny which James never thought worthy of a fe- 
rious refutation. 
William, prince of Orange, had married Mary, the 
eldell: daughter of the prefent king. This princel's had 
been bred a proteftant; and, as (he was for a long time 
heir-apparent to the crown of England, the people tamely 
bore the encroachments of the king, in hopes that hi? 
proteftant fuccellor would rectify thofe meafures he had 
taken towards the eftabliftiment of popery, and his ex- 
tenfion of the prerogatives of the crown. For this rea- 
fon, the prince had been accitftpmed to give the king not 
only advice, but aftiftance in all emergencies, and had ac¬ 
tually fupplied him with fix thou kind troops upon Mon¬ 
mouth’s invalio.n. But now, when a prince was born, 
that entirely excluded his hopes by fucceftion, he lent 
more attention to the complaints of the nation, and began 
to foment thofe difcontents which before he had endea¬ 
voured to fupprefs. This politic prince, finding that 
James had really incurred the molt violent hatred of hi? 
iubjefls, difpatched Dykevelt, his envoy, to England, 
A.D. 1688, with inftruitions to apply fecretly in his 
name to every fe£t and denomination in the kingdom. 
Dykevelt executed his commiffion with fuch dexterity, 
that all orders of men call their eyes towards Holland, 
tind expected from thence a deliverance from thofe dan¬ 
gers with which they were threatened at home. The 
prince thus found that every rank Was ripe for defection, 
and received invitations from fome of the molt conli- 
derable perfons in the kingdom. Admirals Herbert and 
Rulfel allured him in perfon of their own and the na¬ 
tional attachment. Henry Sidney, brother to Algernon, 
and uncle to the earl of Sunderland, came over to him 
with affurances of an univerfal combination againft the 
king. Lord Dumblaine, fon of tire earl of Danby, being 
inalter of a frigate, made feveral voyages to Holland, and 
carried from many of the nobility tenders of duty, and 
of conliderable fums of money. The bifliop of London, 
the earls of Danby, Nottingham, Devonlhire,- Dorfet, 
with feveral other lords, gentlemen, and principal citi¬ 
zens, united in their addrelfes to him, and entreated his 
fpeedy defcent. The people of England, though long 
divided between whig and tory, were unanimous in their 
fneafures againft the king. The whigs hated him upon 
principles of liberty, the tories upon principles of reli¬ 
gion. The former had ever fliewn tliemfelves tenacious 
of their political rights ; the latter were equally obftinate 
in defence of their religious tenets. James had invaded 
both ; fo that for a time all factions were laid alleep, ex¬ 
cept tiie general one of driving the tyrant from a throne, 
which upon every account he was fo ilL qualified to fill. 
William determined to accept the invitations of the 
kingdom ; and (fill more readily embarked in the caufe* 
as he faw that the malcontents had conducted their mea- 
i'ures with prudence and fecrecy. 
The time when the prince entered upon his enterprife 
was juft when the-people were in a flame from the recent 
Jnfult offered to their bifhops. He had before this made 
conliderable augmentations to the Dutch fleet, and the 
lliips were then ready in the harbour. Some additional 
troops were alio levied, and monies raifed for other pur- 
poles were converted to the advancement of this expedi¬ 
tion. 'Jhe Dutch had always repofed an entire confidence 
A N D. 
in him ; and many of the neighbouring princes regarded 
him as their guardian and protestor. He was fure of the 
afliftance of his native government ; and the troops of 
fome of the German powers were actually marched down 
to Holland to join him. Every place was in motion; all 
Europe faw and expedted the defcent, except the unfor¬ 
tunate James himfelf, who, fecure in the piety of his 
intentions, thought nothing could obltruct his fchemes, 
calculated to promote the caufe of heaven. 
The king of France was the firft who apprifed him of 
liis danger, and offered to afiift him in repelling it. He 
was willing to join a fquadron of French (hips to the 
Engliflr fleet, and to fend over any number of troops 
which lie iliould deem requifite for his fecurity. James,, 
however, could not be convinced that his fon-in-law in¬ 
tended an invafion; he therefore rejected the French 
king’s propofal, unwilling perhaps to call in foreign aid, 
when he had an army w’hich he thought fufticient at 
home. Still Louis was unwilling to abandon a friend and 
ally, whofe intereft he regarded as clqfely connected witli 
his own. He ventured to remonllrate with the Dutch 
againft the preparations they were making to invade 
England. The Dutch confidered his remonltrance as an 
officious impertinence, and James himfelf declined his 
mediation. 
James, having thus rejected the aftiftance of his friends, 
and being left to face the danger alone, was aftonilhed 
with advice from his minifter in Holland, that an invafion 
of England was not only projected, but really carrying 
into execution. When he fir (Tread the information, lie 
grew pale, and the letter dropt from his hand. He faw 
the gulf into which he was fallen, and he knew not where 
to leek for protection. His only relource was in retreat¬ 
ing from thofe various precipitate meafures into which 
lie had plunged himfelf. He replaced in all the counties 
the deputy-lieutenants and jultices, who had been de¬ 
prived of their commillions for their adherence to the tell 
and penal laws. He reftored the charters of fuch corpo¬ 
rations as he had violently taken away ; he annulled the 
high commiffion court ; lie reinltated the expelled preli- 
dent and fellows of Magdalen-college ; and lie was even 
reduced to carefs thole bilhops whom he had fo lately 
perfecuted and infulted, But it was now too kite. Thele 
conceffions were regarded as the lymptoms of fear, and 
not of repentance ; as the cowardice of guilt, and not the 
conviction of error. Indeed, he fo.on proved to the people 
the infincerity of his engagements ; for, hearing that the 
Dutch fleet was difperfed, lie recalled thofe concelfions 
which he had made in favour of Magdalen-college ; and 
to fliew his attachment to the Roniilh church, at the 
baptifm of his new-born fon, he appointed the pope one 
of the fponfors. 
In the mean time, the declaration of the prince of 
Orange was indufirioufly difperfed throughout England. 
In this lie enumerated all the grievances of which the 
nation complained ; he proiniied his afliftance in redrelfing 
them ; lie affured the nation that his only aim was to 
procure the lading eftablilhment of their liberty and their 
religion ; and that the only motive of his coming over 
was to learn the fenfe of the people in a full and free par¬ 
liament. This declaration was quickly followed by pre¬ 
parations for a vigorous invafion. So well concerted were 
his meafures, that in three days above four hundred 
tranfports were hired, the army tell down the rivers and 
canals from Nimeguen, with all necelfary (fores; and the 
prince fet fail from Helvoetlluys with a fleet of near five 
hundred vellels, and an army of above fourteen thouland 
men. Fortune feerned at firft every way unfavourable to 
his views. He encountered a dreadful (form, which put 
him back ; but he loon refitted his fleet, and once more 
ventured to the Englilli fliore. It was given out that 
this invalion was intended for the coalts of France; and 
many of the Englilh who faw the fleet pafs along their 
coalts, little expected to fee it land. It happened that 
the lame wind which fent them to their deliined port, 
detained 
