778 
ENGLAND. 
in which much time was confumed and many lives were 
loft. Conde was at the fame time blockaded; and it was 
hoped that the reduction of thefe important towns would 
be followed by triumphant fuccefs. After a blockade of 
three months, the governor of Conde furrendered, on the 
io! h of July, to the prince of Wirtemherg. Thefiegeof 
Valenciennes was fupported with vigour by the duke of 
York, but the mod arduous part of the fiege devolved to 
the Andrians, of whom about, thirteen hundred were 
killed. When a general aflault was commenced, July 28, 
the g.irrifon haftily capitulated, and 0 itained leave to retire 
into France, on condition of not ferving againft the allies 
during the remainder of the war. 
Thus far the progrefs of the allied army irTthe interior 
of France carried all before it; but its fiibfequent move¬ 
ments, and final reparation, have remained an inexpli¬ 
cable mydery on the minds of the people in England, 
which no fyflem of political meafures have yet been able 
to unravel. Perhaps the following remark of M. Laere- 
telle, in his Precis HiJIorique de la Resolution Francaije, pub- 
lilhed at Paris in 1803, may help to explain this-obfeme 
part of the campaign : “ After the fall of Valenciennes, 
not one of the powers feemed to recollect the purpofes 
of their league. France now appeared to them another 
Poland ; and partition views and fclfiflinefs led adray their 
policy. The emperor declared Valenciennes to be his 
conqueft. The prince of Cobourg threatened an invadon 
far better concerted than that of the king of Pruffia. He 
had already obliged the French to quit Csefar’s camp ; 
and Cambray would have yielded but feeble reliflance, 
and the" line of drong pods would have been palled. The 
numerous German cavalry was about to over-run the 
plains of France. Paris would have known its approach 
by that of famine : but Audria forgot Paris and France, 
and fixed its thoughts on Q^iefnoy and Maubeuge, as did 
England upon Dunkirk. An abfurd order was iflued by 
the cabinet of St. James’s ; and the Englifii army, com¬ 
manded by the duke of York, feparated itfelf from the 
conquerors of Famars. Had the mod inveterate hatred 
directed this movement, it could not have rendered it 
more incompatible with any plan of future concert and 
mutual fupport. The prince of Cobourg marching to¬ 
wards Maubeuge, and the duke of York towards Dun¬ 
kirk, caufed a reparation of their forces, exaftly fuch as 
adtive and provident enemies could have widied.” 
The duke of York had no fooner made known his in¬ 
tention of attacking Dunkirk, than the hereditary prince 
of Orange alfaulted feveral pods, chiefly with a view of 
covering his highnefs’s march. He forced Lincelles, 
AuguA 18, with fmall lofs ; but he was foon difpoflefled 
of it by a fuperior force. Three Britilh battalions, con- 
dudted to his aid by major-general Lake, bravely Aormed' 
a very drong redoubt, and faved the Dutch by routing the 
enemy. Near Furnes, another brifk engagement occurred, 
in which the allies were alfo fuccefsful. But the unac¬ 
countable delay of naval preparations for the fiege, and 
the necedity of waiting for very heavy artillery, gave the 
French time to make ample providon for the defence of 
the town. The Hanoverian general Frey tag was fiercely 
attacked on September 6, by the French army, and 
obliged to retreat with confiderable lofs. He and prince 
Adolphus, the younged fqn of our fovereign, were made 
prifoners in their retreat, but were-feafonably refeued by 
a detachment fent to their relief. The duke’s right wing 
was haratfed by a fally ; but, on this and fome other occa- 
fions, he drove back the enemy into the town. An im¬ 
probability of fuccefs, however, condrained him to raife 
the fiege ; and his artillery, with a great dore of ammu¬ 
nition, fell into the hands of the enemy. Bouchard, for 
iiiffering the befieging army to efcape, was put to death 
by the tyranny of the convention. 
Soon after the duke of York had raifed the fiege of 
Dunkirk, the Dutch pods upon the Lys were forced, the 
confeqitence of which was the evacuation of Menin. This 
misfortune was counterbalanced by the furrender of Le 
Quefnoy to the emperor's troops, ancj by the defeat of a 
numerous body of French near Bideghem. General 
Beaulieu then alLulted Menin, and re-took it with very 
fmall lofs. The prince of Saxe-Cobourg inveded the 
Camp and fortrefs of Maubeuge ; but, after two engage¬ 
ments, in one of which he was feverel'y haralfed, he quit¬ 
ted his advantageous pofitioti. Other conflifts in the 
Netherlands difplayed the obdinate courage of the oppo- 
fire parties, without any decilive refult. In Germany 
the allies for a time were more fortunate than the French. 
They defeated the enemy on feveral occafions, and, 
among other {'accedes, recovered the city of Mentz, to 
the great joy of the imperial diet, which had recently de¬ 
clared its concurrence in the war. They afterwards at¬ 
tacked the lines of Weiflembourg,-and forced them by 
a perfevering defiance of all danger. 
The Spaniards, having invaded France, prevailed in 
different conflicts, and reduced Bellegarde and Colioure. 
This-ill fuccefs of the republican army in the fouth, was 
embittered by the dread of an extenfion of that fpirit of 
loyalty which had appeared at Marf'eilles, Toulon; and 
Lyons. The Marfeillois, indeed, did not long continue 
refractory ; but, at Toulon, the mal-contents were fo 
hodile to the convention, that they furrendered that im¬ 
portant city and nrfenal to lord Hood, commander of the 
Britilh fleet in the Mediterranean, Augud 29, on his pro- 
mife of alfidance in the recovery of the conditution of 
1789, with a provifo for the full leditution (after the re¬ 
turn of peace) of the town, forts, and veflels, to Louis 
XVII. or his lawful fiiccelTor. 
In La Vendee (a part of the former province of Poifioit), 
and other wedern departments, numerous bodies had taken 
arms, under the celebrated Charette, for the redoration 
of royalty ; and fome defperate engagements had occurred, 
to the difadvantage of the republican government. But, 
when the latter had repeatedly routed the infurgents, 
Barrere announced to the legidature the extinftion of the 
revolt. This orator, however, paid little regard to truth 
in his datements ; for the inflirreftion dill bore a ferious 
and violent afpeft. But at Lyons, the republican arms 
triumphed over all oppofition. General Doppet, after a 
vigorous fiege, entered the city, from which the leaders 
of the revolt had previoufiy retired. A great part of the 
town was wantonly dedroyed ; and many thoufands of 
the inhabitants, of both fexes, were put to death in dif¬ 
ferent modes, under the direction of Collot d’Herbois, 
without even the formality of a trial. 
Toulon was inveded by a numerous army of French 
republicans, towards the clofe of 1793, under general 
Dugommier ; but it was defended with great fpirit and 
bravery by the Englifii. Briik {’allies were made by the 
garrifon, which confided of foldiers of various nations. In 
one of the forties, general O’Hara was wounded and taken 
prifoner; and in this and otherconflifts, no fmall lofs was 
iudained by the allies. They were obliged to extend 
their force fo as to occupy eight confiderable pods, and 
feveral dependent ftations; and, while about nine thon- 
fand men filled thofe pods, fcarcely more than three 
thoufand remained in the town. The increafing drength 
and refentful fpirit of the befiegers alarmed the confede¬ 
rates, who, being diflodged from fome of their chief 
dations, refolved to quit a place which they found it im. 
poilible to retain ; therefore, dedroying the arfenal, and 
defolating the city, they evacuated the garrifon on De¬ 
cember 18, 1793. Sir Sydney Smith undertook the dan¬ 
gerous talk of burning the dore-houfes and (hips, amidd a 
continued firing from the enemy on diore. A “ rapid igni¬ 
tion,” took place; but the operators were unable to ex¬ 
tend it to the veflels which were neared to the town. 
Nine fliips from feventy-four to eighty guns, beddes fome 
that were not completely prepared for fervice, were 
dedroyed, with an immenfe quantity of naval flores. 
Three {hips of the line, four frigates, and many doops, 
were added to the Britidi fleet ; and as many of the roy- 
alids as could be flowed in the retiring veflels, were 
z brought 
