S50 E P A 
plying it to the feftival celebrated in commemoration of 
our Saviour’s refurredlion. See Easter. 
EPAC'ME,[from Gr. to increafe.] The 
increafe or exacerbation of a difeafe. 
EP'ACRIS,/ [from ewi, and Gr. the fummit 
of a mountain ; thefe plants growing in that fituation. 
Forjler,~\ In botany, a genus of the clafs pentandria, order 
monogynia, natural order of ericas, (JuJJ'.) The generic 
charadiers are—Calyx : perianthium five-parted, equal, 
permanent; divifions lanceolate. Corolla : one-petalled, 
funnel-form ; tube gradually widening into a five-cleft 
border; divifions ovate, acute, villofe above ; nedtary 
five obovate emarginate fcales, fafiened to the germ, and 
prefled clofe. Stamina: filaments five, very Ihort, in the 
throat of the corolla ; antherae incumbent. Piftillum : 
germ roundifii, five-fireaked ; ftyle cylindric, fiiort; ftigma 
capitate. Pericarpium : capfule globular-flatted, five- 
celled, five-valved, gaping. Seeds: numerous, very 
fmall.— EJfential Char after. Corolla funnel-form, villofe; 
nectary fcales fafiened to the germ ; capfule five-celled, 
five-valved. 
Species, i. Epacris longifolia, or long-leaved epacris : 
arboreous; leaves fubulate, fheathing; racemes upright; 
flowers oppofite. 2. Epacris juniperina, or juniper epa¬ 
cris : arboreous; leaves fcattered, linear, acute, fpread- 
ing, fefiile; racemes drooping; flowers alternate. 3. 
Epacris pumila, or dwarf epacris : herbaceous ; leaves 
ovate-oblong, imbricate ; flowers fefiile, fubfolitary. 4. 
Epacrisrofmarinifolia, or rofemary-leaved epacris: fhrub- 
by; leaves linear, obtufe, rigid, fheathing ; flowers fo 1 i- 
tary, lateral. Thefe are all natives of New Zealand. The 
fruit of the firfi and fecond fpecies is particularly de- 
fcribed by Gaertner. The fecond is confidered as com¬ 
prehending two fpecies by Forfter. 
E'PACT,/ [ssra-nTt;, Gr.] A number, whereby we 
note the excefs of the common folar year above the lunar, 
and thereby find out the age of the moon. See the article 
Chronology, vol.iv. p. 536, 537. 
EPAGO'GIUM, f. [from e nayu, Gr. to draw over.] 
The prepuce, or that part of the penis which is drawn 
over the glans. 
EPAl'GNE, a town of France, in the department of 
the Eure : five miles fouth Pont-Audemer. 
EPAINE'TIC, adj. [from esrawo?, Gr. praife.] Praif- 
ing ; tending to praife. Scott. 
EPAMINON'D AS, a famous Theban, defcended from 
the ancient kings of Boeotia. His father’s name was Po¬ 
ly mnus. He has been celebrated for his private virtues 
and military accomplifhments. His love of truth was fo 
great, that he never difgraced himfelf by falfehood. He 
formed a mod facred and inviolable friendfhip with Pelo- 
pidas, whofe life he faved in a battle. By his advice 
Pelopidas delivered Thebes from the power of Lacedae¬ 
mon. This was the fignal of war. Epaminondas was fet 
at the head of the Theban armies, and defeated the Spar¬ 
tans at the celebrated battle of Leudira, about 371 years 
before Chrift. Epaminondas made a proper tile of this 
victorious campaign, and entered the territories of Lace¬ 
daemon with 50,000 men. Here he gained many friends 
and partifans ; but at his return to Thebes he was feized 
as a traitor for violating the laws of his country. While 
he was making the Theban arms victorious on every fide, 
he negleCted the law which forbad any citizen to retain in 
his hands the fupreme power more than one month, and 
alt his eminent fervices feemed unable to redeem him 
from death. He paid implicit obedience to the laws of 
his country, and only begged of his judges that it might 
be infcribed on his tomb that he had futfered death for 
having his country from ruin. This animated reproach 
was felt; he was pardoned, and inverted again with the 
fovereign power. He was fuccefsful in a war in Thefialy, 
and allifted the Eleans again!! the Lacedaemonians. The 
hoftile armies met near Mantinea, and while Epaminon¬ 
das was bravely fighting in the thicked of the enemy, he 
E P E 
Received a fatal wound in the breaft, and expired exclaim¬ 
ing that he died r.nconquered, when he heard that the 
Boeotians obtained the victory, in the 48th of his age, 
363 years before Chrift. The Thebans feverely lamented 
his death; in him their power was extinguifhed, for only 
during his life they had enjoyed freedom and independ¬ 
ence among the Grecian ftates. Epaminondas was frugal 
as well as virtuous, and he refufed with indignation the 
rich prefents which were offered to him by Artaxerxes 
the king of Perfia. He is reprefented by his biographer 
as an elegant dancer and a fkilful mufician, accomplilh- 
ments highly etfeemed among his country men. Plutarck. 
EPAN ADIPLO'SIS, f. [Gr.] A rhetorical figure, 
wherein a fentence begins and ends with the fame words, 
EPAN ALEP'SIS, f. [Gr.] A figure in rhetoric, in 
which the fame word is, for enforcement fake, repeated. 
EPANAPH'ORA, f. [Gr.] A figure in which the 
fame word begins feveral fentences; as, Ver adeo Frondi, 
Ver utile Syivis. 
EPAN A PNE'SIS,/. [from E7r» and uvoeirviu, Gr. to 
breathe.] Shortnefs of breath : a quick refpiration. 
EP AN'ODOS,/. [Gr.] Areturn; a figure in rhetoric 
in which the fame found or word is repeated twice in 
feveral fentences. 
EPANOR'THOSISyi [Gr.] A corredlion, an amend¬ 
ment ; a figure in rhetoric in which a fentence too weakly 
exprefted is ftrengthened by the addition of one exprefted 
in more forcible terms. 
EPAPH'RAS,/.' [Gr.] A man’s name, 
EPAPHiE'RESIS, f. [from E 7ri and Gr. t© 
take away.] A repeated evacuation by bleeding. 
EP'APHUS, a fon of Jupiter and I,o, who founded a 
city in Egypt, which he called Memphis, in honour of 
his wife, who was the daughter of the Nile. He had a 
daughter called Libya, tie was worfliipped as a god at 
Memphis. Herodotus. 
EPAPHRODI'TUS, one of the firfi bifhops or mini- 
fters of the Chriftian church that was founded by St. 
Paul at Philippi in Macedonia. He was in that fituation 
when St. Paul was prifoner at Rome, and was lent by his 
church to vifit the apoftle in his bonds, and to carry him 
their liberal contributions towards his fupport and main¬ 
tenance. He therefore deferves to have his name recorded 
with honour among the worthies who, in the early ages of 
Chriftianity, when its enemies were adlive in their endea¬ 
vours, by perfecution and every fpecies of difcouragement, 
to crufh the rifing feet, flood forward at all hazards to 
avow its principles, and to confirm the firfi believers, in fi 
ftedfaft adherence to the doctrines and inftrudtions of the 
apoftles. , 
E'PARCH, f. [from eirapx°5> Gr.] The prefident of a 
province. 
EPAR'MA,y. [from eireuga, Gr. to elevate.] With 
furgeons, an epithet for any kind of tumour. 
EPAULET'TE, f. [Fr.] The Ihoulder-ftrap of a 
boddice or ftays; the (houlder-piece of a fhirt or fhift ; 
a ribbon tied upon a man’s Ihoulder. It is commonly 
ufed for the flioulder-knot of diftindtion in the army, worn 
both by the officers and private men ; and is an ornamen¬ 
tal badge now commonly placed on the (boulders of men. 
fervants. 
EPAUL'MENT, f. [Fr. from epaule, a Ihoulder.] In 
fortification, a fidework made either of earth thrown up, 
of bags of earth, gabions, or of fafeines and earth. It 
fometimes denotes a femi-baftion and a fquare orillion, 
or rnafs of earth faced and lined with a wall, defigned to 
cover the cannon of a cazemate. See the article Forti¬ 
fication. 
EPE'E, a port of Africa, in the country of Benin. 
EPEN'THESIS, f. [from e tti, to, ev , and Gr. 
to place.] In grammar, the addition of a letter or fyllable 
in the middle of a word, as reiligio for religio , induperater 
for imperator. 
EPE'RIES, a town of Hungary, celebrated for its 
2 mines 
