?9G E R 1 
brown, fomewliat rugged from the remains of the leaves 
which have fallen oft'; branches a little woolly. Leaves 
commonly in fours, but fometimes in fives, ovate-linear, 
fpreading, near the flowers prefled dole to the ftem, the 
edges turned in and ciliated, each hair terminating in a 
fmall round gland ; the upper furface is flat, the lower 
concave and white. Flowers hanging down one over ano¬ 
ther all one way, forming a little head. It flowers twice 
in the year. Native of the northern parts of Europe, on 
moift heaths and'moorifh grounds; flowering in July and 
Auguft ; Linnaeus fays, twice in the year. This fpecies 
is not inferior to many of the foreign heaths in the beauty 
and delicacy of its flowers. It is diftinguifhed from the 
other Britifh heaths, not only by the flowers growing in 
a kind of pendulous clufter on the tops of the ftalks, but 
by the leaves growing in fours, and forming a fort of 
crofs; whence the trivial and Englifh names. Our old 
.writers call it Low-Dutch heath , or bejbme-heath. 
24. Erica pubefeens, or hairy heath: leaves rugged, 
•flowers feflile, lateral, corollas ovate, ftyle included. 
Thunberg thus deferibes it: ftem afh-coloured, hifpid, 
flexuofe, erect, two feet high and more. Leaves in threes 
or fours, frequently four on the branches, and three on 
the branchlets, feldom all in fours, linear, obtufe, rugged, 
villofe, incurved, grooved beneath, fpreading, a line in 
length. Flowers at the end of the branchlets, untbelled, 
two, three, or more, together, abundant, blood-red, hir- 
fute. It has its name from the pubefcency of the flowers. 
Native of the Cape. 
According to Thunberg, this varies much in the ftem, 
branches, leaves, and flowers. The principal varieties 
arethefe: 1. Hairy, with leaves in threes, and the co¬ 
rollas very finely hairy. 2. Hifpid, with leaves in threes, 
and hifpid. 3. Villofe, with leaves in fours, rugged, and 
the branches in whorls. 4. Small-flowered, with the 
leaves on the branches in fours, on the branchlets in 
threes, hifpid, corollas minute. 
25. Erica abietina, or fir heath : flowers feflile, corollas 
fig-fhaped, ftyle included. Stem afh-coloured, rugged, 
ere ft, a foot high and more. Native of the Cape ; flowers 
in June and July. 
26. Erica mammofa, or breafted heath : corollas fig- 
fhaped, ftyle Handing out. Thunberg fays it differs from 
-the preceding, in having the calyx linear, the corollas 
more inflated, the flowers in umbels, and the leaves in 
fixes. Native of the Cape. 
27. Erica Catt'ra, or Caff're heath : leaves pubefeent, 
flowers heaped, corollas ovate, ftyle Handing out. This 
is the fize of juniper. Native of the Cape. 
28. Erica fefliliflora, or feflile-flowered heath : flowers 
in a fpike, feflile bent down oblong, corollas club-fhaped, 
»jftyle ftanding out. This is a brown rugged flirub, deter- 
minately branched, fomewhat rigid, having the appear¬ 
ance of a fmall pinus fylveftris. Native of the Cape. 
Leaves fcattered. 29. Erica fafcicularis, or bundled 
heath: leaves feveral, linear, truncated; flowers in bun¬ 
dles, corollas fig-fhaped, ftyle included. Native of the 
Cape ; obferved there by Biick. 
II. Antherae crefted, leaves in threes. 30. Erica tri¬ 
flora, or three-flowered heath : flowers terminating ; co¬ 
rollas globular, bell-fhaped ; ftyle included. Stem, ac¬ 
cording to Thunberg, brown, fmooth below, hifpid at 
the top, ereft, a foot high. Native of the Cape; intro¬ 
duced in 1787 by Mr. Francis Maftbn. 
31. Erica baccans, or arbutus-flowered heath : leaves 
imbricate ; corollas globular, bell-fhaped, covered ; ftyle 
included. Native of the Cape; introduced by Maftbn; 
flowers in April and May. 
32. Erica gnaphalodes, or foft-leaved heath : corollas 
ovate, covered ; ftyle included, ftigtna four-parted. Thun¬ 
berg deferibes his gnaphalodes thus: It is a fmall fhrub, 
fmooth all over, of a cinereous brown colour, erect, a 
fpan high. Branches and branchlets dichotomous and 
trichotomous, filiform, from erect fpreading, faftigiate- 
C A. 
Leaves ovate, entire, fmooth, flat above, convex beneath, 
with a longitudinal groove, prefled clofe, the length of 
the internodes, forming as it were jointed branchlets, a 
line and a half in length. Flowers terminating, about three 
together, purple. Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
33. Erica ccrifolia, or (lender-twigged heath: flowers 
umbelled, calyxes turbinate, corollas ovate, ftyle in¬ 
cluded. Native of the Cape; flowers in Auguft. 
34. Erica articularis, or jointed heath : corollas ovate, 
acuminate; ftyle included, longer than the calyx. 35. 
Erica calycina, or calycined heath : calyxes fpreading 
very much, wheel-fhaped ; corollas ovate, ftyle included. 
Natives of the Cape. 
36. Erica cinerea, or fine-leaved heath : corollas ovate ; 
ftyle a little ftanding out; ftigma capitate. Root peren¬ 
nial, woody, ftems fhrttbby, about a foot high, with op- 
pofite branches; the bark afh-coloured. Leaves*dinear, 
flefhy, fpreading above, fmooth and fhining, tranfverfelv 
wrinkled, towards the end befet with a few fcattered 
hair-like points; beneath having a longitudinal furrow, 
which is white from a woollinefs apparent to the magni¬ 
fier ; the edge fomewhat membranaceous, and when view¬ 
ed with the microfcope appearing ferrulate : the leaves, 
when young, have three flat fides, but when full grown 
are nearly flat. Flowers in long cluttered whorled ter¬ 
minating fpikes, fonorous when (truck; they come out 
from the fides of the young (hoots; thofe from the end- 
fhoots are near each other, but fcattered and bare ; thofe 
from the fmall lateral branches generally in pairs. Seeds 
oval, the furface netted, and four times as big as thofe of 
E. tetralix. Dr. Stokes remarks, that the lower part of 
the trunk is free from hairinefs, that the bark of the lad 
year’s fhoot is'afh-coloured, covered with a fhort light- 
brown woollinefs, and that the branches are moftly in 
threes. Mr. Curtis obferves, that the ftyle is inclofed 
within the corolla, but is longer than the ftamens; and 
that it is diftinguifhed from E. tetralix, with which 
and the common heath it grows promifcuoufly, by the 
finenefs, fmoothnefs, and deep green colour, of its leaves ; 
the flowers alfo grow more in fpikes, and are of a deeper 
purple colour. Native of Europe, but not in the fouth, 
nor in the extreme northern parts; alfo of the Levant. 
It flowers from June to Auguft. It may be applied to 
the fame purpofes as the common heath ; and the flowers 
are much more fliowy. 
37. Erica paniculata, or panicled heath : flowers mi¬ 
nute, corollas bell-fhaped, ftyle ftanding out. This is a 
fhrub, with linear upright leaves, almoft even. Flowers 
purple, very fmall, as are alfo the calyxes and peduncles; 
they are fo abundant as to cover the whole plant. Na¬ 
tive of the Cape of Good Hope; flowers from February 
to April. 
38. Erica auftralis, orSpanifh heath: leaves fpreading, 
corollas cylindric, ftyle ftanding out. This is an upright 
rigid fhrub, with an afh-coloured bark. Leaves in threes 
or fours, linear, obtufe, fomewhat rugged on the edge. 
Native of Spain and Portugal; obferved in the former by 
Alftroemer. Introduced in 1769, by George W. earl of 
Coventry. It flowers in April and May. 
Leaves in fours. 39. Erica phyfodes, or expanded 
heath : flowers fubfolitary, corollas ovate, inflated; ftyle 
included. Leaves patulous, broad-linear, keeled. Calyx 
ovate, fmooth, coloured, one-third of the length of the 
corolla, which is the fize of a pea, and vifeid. The flow¬ 
ers are at the ends of the branches in a fort of umbel. 
Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
40. Erica empetrifolia, or crowberry-leaved heaths 
flowers feflile, lateral ; corollas ovate. Stem, according 
to Thunberg, brown, rugged, a foot high. Leaves in 
fixes, oblong, obtufe, incurved, above three-cornered, 
flat, beneath grooved, rugged, efpecially underneath, 
very finely ciliate, imbricate, a line in length. Native 
of the Cape; introduced by Maflonj flowers in April 
and May. 
41. 
