6 ABA 
dominion of the Turks: it is often the refidehce of the 
Arciibifh'op of Nakfivan. Lon. 46. 25. lat. 39. 45. 
ABARANER, a city of Tiircomania in Alia, laid to 
contain about 300 Chriftian families. Lat. 39. o. N. Ion. 
63. 59. E. . . 
ABARCA,/ an ancient kind of flioe ufed-in Spain for 
pafling the mountains with. It was made of raw hides, 
and bound with cords, which fecured the feet of travellers 
again!! the fnow. 
LoABARE, v. a. [ abarian , Sax.] To make bare, to 
uncover, of difclofe. 
ABARGALE a country of Abyffinia. 
ABARIM, high mountains of deep afcent, feparating 
the country of the Ammonites and Moabites from the 
land of Canaan where Mofes died. Nebah and Pifgah 
were parts of thefe mountains. 
ABARIS, the Hyperborean ; a celebrated fage of anti¬ 
quity, whofe hiftory and travels have been the fubjefit of 
much learned difcuffion. Such a number of fabulous 
ftories were told of him, that Herodotus himfelf feerhs to 
fcruple to relate them. He tells us only, that this barba¬ 
rian was faid to have travelled with an arrow, and to have 
taken no dtdenance : but this does not acquaint us with the 
marvellous properties which were attributed to that arrow ; 
nor that it had been given him by the Hyperborean Apol¬ 
lo. With regard to the occalion t>f his leaving his native 
country, Harpocralion tells us, that the whole earth 
being infeded with a deadly plague, Apollo, upon being 
eonfulted, gave no other anfwer than that the Athenians 
diould oder up prayers in behalf of all other nations; upon 
which, feveral countries deputed ambadadors to Athens, 
among whom was Abaris the Hyperborean. In this jour¬ 
ney, he renewed the alliance between his countrymen, and 
the inhabitants of the idand of Delos. It appears that he 
alfo went to Lacedaemon ; dnce, according to Paufanias, 
he there built a temple confecrated to Proferpine the Salu¬ 
tary. It is afferted, that he was capable of foretelling 
earthquakes, driving away plagues, allaying dorms, &c. 
The orator Himerius defcribes his perfon accurately, and 
gives him a very noble character: “ They relate (fays he) 
that Abaris the fage was by nation an Hyperborean, ap¬ 
peared a Grecian in fpeech, and refembled a Scythian in 
habit and appearance. He came to Athens, holding a 
bow in his hand, having a quiver hanging on his dioulders, 
his body wrapt up in a plaid, girt about the loins with a 
gilded belt, and wearing trowfers reaching from his waid 
downward.” Hewasalfable andpleafant in converfation, 
in difpatching great affairs fecret and indudrious, quick- 
fighted in prefent exigencies, in preventing future dangers 
circumfpeft, a fearcher after wifdom, dedrous of friend- 
fhip, trading little to fortune, and having every thing 
traded to him for his prudence. Neither the Academy 
■nor the Lycteum could have furnifhed a man with dtter 
qualities to travel fo far abroad, and to fuch wife nations, 
about affairs no lefs arduous than important. And if we 
further attentively confider his moderation in eating, 
drinking, and theufe of all thofe things which our natural 
appetites inceffantly crave: joining the candour and fim- 
plicity of his manners with the folidity and wifdom of his 
mind ; all which we dnd diffidently atteded ; it mud be 
owned, that the world at that time had few to compare 
with Abaris. 
AB ARTICULATION, f. \_ab, and articulus, a joint, 
Lat.) A good and apt conftruftion of the bones, by 
which they move drongly and eadly ; or that fpecies of 
articulation that has manifed motion. In anatomy, it 
lignides a fpecies of articulation, admitting of a manifed 
motion; called alfo Diarthrolis, and Dearticulatio, to 
didinguiffi it from that fort of articulation, which admits 
of a very obfcure motion, and is called Synarthrods. 
ABAS, J. a weight ufed in Perda for weighing pearls. 
It is 1-8th lefs than the European carat. 
Abas, in the heathen mythology, was the fon of Hypo- 
thoon and Meganira, who entertained Ceres, and offered 
p facrifice to that goddefs; but Abas ridiculing the cere- 
A B A 
mony, and giving her opprobrious language, die fprift™ 
kled him with a certain mixture, and he became a newt of 
Wdtef-lizard. 
Abas (Schali) the Great, was third fon of Codabehdi* 
feventh king of Perda, of the race of the Sophis. Suc¬ 
ceeding to his father at eighteen, in 1385, he found th« 
adairs of Perda at a low ebb, occadoned by the cOnpufeftg 
of the Turks and Tartars. By his intrepid conduct and 
magnanimity, lie regained feveral of the provinces they 
had feized ; but death put a (lop to his victories in 1629, 
after a reign of forty-four years. He was the prince who 
made Ifpahan the metropolis of Perda. 
Abas (Schah) his grandfon, ninth king of Perda, of 
the race of the Sophis, fuceeeded his father Sefi at thirteen 
years of age; he was but eighteen when lie made hinlfelf 
mailer of the city Candapar, which had furrendered in his 
father’s reign to the Gpeat Mogul, and all the province 
about it; and ire preferred it afterwards againft this Indian 
emperor, though lie bedeged it more than once witli an 
army of 300,000 men. He was a very merciful prince; 
and openly protected the Chriftians : he died at thirty-fe- 
ven years of age, in 1666. 
ABAS A, a fmall town of Romania ; it'has an elegant 
mofqtie and a fpacious kane or inn, and is twelve miles 
from Adrianople, on the road to Conliantinople. Lat. 
42. 8. N. Ion. 26. 35. E. 
ABASCIA, or Abcas, a country in Ada, tributary 
to the Turks, (ituated 011 the coaft of the Black Sea. The 
people are poor, threviffi, and treacherous, infomuch that 
there is no trading with them without the utmoft caution. 
Their commodities are furs, buck and tyger ikins, linen 
yarn, boxwood and bees-wax : but their greateft traffic is 
in felling their Own children, and even one another, to the 
Turks; infomuch that they live in perpetual diftruft. 
They are deftitute of many neceffaries of life, and have 
nothing among them that can be called a town ; though 
we find Anacopia, Dandar, and Czekorni, mentioned in 
the maps. They have the name of Chriftians ; but have 
nothing left but the name, any more than the Mitrgrelians 
their northern neighbours. The men are robuft and 
active, and the women are fair and beautiful ; on which 
account the Turks give a great price for the female flaVes, 
which they purchafe very young. 
ABASCUS, a river of Afiatic Sarmatio, which, rifing 
from Mount Caucafus, falls into the Euxine, between Pi- 
tyus to the eaft, and Nods to the Weft. 
To ABASE, v. a. [ abaijfer , Fr. from the Lat. bajis , or 
baffus, a barbarous word, fignifying low, bafe.] To de- 
prefs, to lower. To caft down, to deprefs, to bring loWj 
in a figurative and perfonal fenfe, which is the common 
ufe.—Behold every One that is proud, and abafe him. Job. 
xl. 11.—If the mind be curbed and humbled too much in 
children ; if their fpirits be abafed and broken much by 
too ftrift an hand over them ; they lofe all their vigour and. 
induftry. Locke. 
ABASED, adj. in heraldry, is a term ufed of the 
wings of eagles, when the tops look dowmwards towards the 
point of the fliield ; or when the wings are Unit; the natu¬ 
ral way of bearing them being fpread with the top pointing 
to the chief of the angle. 
ABASEMENT, [ The ftate of being brought low; 
the aft of bringing low ; depreffion.—There is an abafe- 
ment becaufe of glory; and there is that lifteth up his head 
from a low eftate. Eccl. xx. 11. 
To ABASH, v. a. [ abaijfer , Fr.] To put into confu- 
fion ; to make afhamed. It generally implies a fudden im- 
preffion of ffiarne.—They heard, and were abajldd, Milton.. 
—The paffive admits the particles, fometimes cAbefore: 
the cafual noun.—In no wife fpeak againft the truth, but. 
be abajhed of the error of thy ignorance. Ecclus. iv. 25. 
The little Cupids hovering round, 
(As pictures prove) with garlands crown’d, 
Abajh'd at what they faw and heard. 
Flew off, nor ever more appear’d. Swift. 
AB AS SI,. 
