A C H 
ACHAM, an inland country of Afia, lying between 
Hindoftan and China, and but little known to Euro¬ 
peans. 
ACHAN, the fon of Carmi, of the tribe of Juda, at 
the taking of Jericho concealed two hundred (hekels of 
Silver, a Babylonifh garment, and a wedge of gold, con¬ 
trary to the exprefs command" of God. This fin proved 
fatal to the lfraelites, who were repulfed at the fiege of 
Ai. In this dreadful exigence, Jodma proftrated himfelf 
before the Lord, and begged that he would have mercy 
upon his people. Achan was difcovered by carting lots, 
and he and his children were rtoned to death. This expi¬ 
ation being made, Ai was taken by ftratagem. jojliua , 
chap. vii. ver. S, 9. 
ACI-IANE, an ancient Perfian corn-meafure, contain¬ 
ing 45 Attic midimni. 
ACHANIA,/ becaufe the corolla does not 
open.] In botany, agenusof the monadelphia polyandria 
clafs, of the natural order of columniferse. The generic 
characters are—Calyx': perianthium double. Outer ma¬ 
ny-leaved; leaflets linear, permanent, (lightly coalefcing 
at the bale. Inner one-leafed, fubcylindric, (freaked half 
way, (ive-cleft, permanent. Corolla: fubclavate, convo¬ 
luted. Petals (ive, obovate-oblong, eredt, with a lobe at 
the bafe on one (ide, involving the column of ftamens. 
Stamina: filaments numerous, coalefcing into a writhed 
tube longer than the corolla, free at top, capillary. An¬ 
thers oblong. Piftillum : germ fubglobular. Style fili¬ 
form, the fame length with the tube of the ftamens, ten- 
cleft at top : the (egments fpreading. Stigmas capitate. 
Pericarpium: berry(ubglobular, fleftiy, five-celled. Seeds: 
folitary, convex on one fide, angular on the other.— EJfcn* 
tial CharaEler. Calyx, double; outer many-leaved. Co¬ 
rolla, convolute. Berry, five-feeded. 
Species. 1. Achania malvavifcus, fcarlet achania, or 
baftard hibiscus; leaves fomewhat fcabrous, acuminate, 
leaflets of the outer calyx erecf. This is a native of Mex¬ 
ico and Jamaica, and flowers mod part of the year. 
2. Achania mollis, or woolly achania ; leaves tomentofe, 
leaflets of the outer calyx fpreading. A native of South 
America, and the Wert-India illands. It flowers in Au- 
gurt and September. 
3. Achania pilofa, or hairy achania; leaves hairy, ob- 
tufe and acute. This fpecies has a very different appear¬ 
ance from the two former. It is (hrubby as they are, but 
the ffem and branches are fmaller, thinner, and not downy; 
and it continues only two or three years. It is a native of 
Jamaica, and flowers in November. 
Propagation and Culture. Achania is generally propaga¬ 
ted by cuttings, becaufe the feeds do not often ripen here ; 
if the cuttings are planted in pots filled with light earth, 
and plunged into a gentle hot-bed, keeping the air from 
them, they will foon take root, and (liould be gradually 
inured to bear the open air. Thefe plants require a mo¬ 
derate (love to preferve them through the winter; and, if 
they are kept in warmth in Cummer, they wall flower, and 
feme times ripen fruit; they may be placed abroad in a 
fheltered (ituation for two or three months, but tire plants 
fo treated feldom flower well. 
ACHARACA, anciently a town of Lydia, fituate be¬ 
tween Tralles and Nyfa; in which were the temple of 
Pluto, and the cave Charonium, where patients (lept in 
order to obtain a cure. 
ACHAT, / in law, implies a purchafe or bargain ; and 
hence, probably, purveyors were called Adiators , from 
their making bargains. 
ACHATES, the companion of zEneas, and his mod: 
faithful friend, celebrated in Virgil. 
Achates,/, in natural hi (lory. See Agate. 
Achates, anciently a river of Sicily, now the Drillo; 
which runs from north to Couth, almoft parallel with, and 
at no great diftance from, the Gela; and rifes in the north 
of the territory of Nom. It gave name to the achates, 
or agate, faid to be firft found there. 
ACHAZIB, or Achzib, anciently a town of Galilee, 
3 
A C H 67 
in the tribe of Afher, nine miles from Ptolemais. Alfo 
a town in the more fouthern parts of the tribe of Judah. 
ACHE,/! [ ace , Sax. Gr. now generally written 
ake, and in the plural ahes, of one fyllable; the primitive 
manner being preferved chiefly in poetry, for the lake of 
themeafure.] A continued pain. See Ake. 
Jo Ache, v . n. To be in pain.—Upon this account, our 
fenfes are dulled and fpent by any extraordinary intention, 
and our very eyes will ache, if long fixed upon any diffi- 
cultly-difcerned objedt. Glanville. 
ACHEEN, Ache', or Achen, a kingdom of Sumatra, 
in the Eaft Indies, fituuted on the north-weftern part of 
the ifland. The capital is fituated on a river which emp¬ 
ties itfelf near the north-wert point, or Acheen-head, 
about two miles from the mouth. It lies in a wide valley, 
formed like an amphitheatre by two lofty ranges of hills. 
The river is not large, and by emptying itfelf in feveral 
channels is rendered very (hallow at the bar. In the dry 
monfoon it will not admit boats of any burthen, much lefs 
large veflels, w hich lie without, in the road formed by the 
illands off the point. Though no longer the great mart of 
eaftern commodities, it (till carries on a confiderable trade 
with the natives of that part of the coaft of Indoftan call¬ 
ed Telinga, who fupply it with the cotton-goods of their 
country, and receive in return, gold-duft, fapan-wood, 
betel-nut, patch-leaf (colfus Indicus), a little pepper, ful- 
■phur, camphire, and benzoin. The country is fupplied 
with Bengal opium, and alfo with iron, and many other 
articles of merchandife, by the European traders. 
Acheen is effeemed, comparatively, healthy, being more 
free from woods and fwamps than moft other portions of 
the ifland; and the fevers and dyfenteries to which thefe 
are fuppofed to give occafion, are there faid to be uncom¬ 
mon. The foil is light and fertile; and the produdts, be- 
(ide thofe already enumerated as articles of export trade, 
and a variety of fine fruits, are chiefly rice and cotton. 
There is likewife fomeraw filk procured in the country, 
of very inferior quality. Gold-duft is colledlea in the 
mountains near Acheen, but the greafeft part is brought 
from the fouthern ports of Nalaboo and Soofoo. The ful- 
plmr is gathered from a volcanic mountain in the neigh¬ 
bourhood, which fitpplies their own confumption for the 
manufacture of gun-powder, and admits of a large ex¬ 
portation. 
In their perfons, the Achenefe differ from the reft of 
the Sumatrans; being taller, ((outer, and darker-com- 
plexioned. They appear not to be a genuine people ; but 
are thought, with great appearance of reafon, to be a mix¬ 
ture of Battas, Malays, and Moors, from the weft of India. 
In their difpofitions they are more adtive and induftrious 
than their neighbours; they pollefs more penetration‘and 
fagacity; have more general knowledge; and, as mer¬ 
chants, they deal upon a more extenfive and liberal foot¬ 
ing. Their religion is Mahometanifm; and, having a 
great number of mofques and priefts, its forms and cere¬ 
monies are ftridtly obferved. 
The appearance of the town, and the nature of the 
buildings, are much the fame as are found in the generality 
of Malay bazars, excepting that the fuperior wealth of 
this place has occafioneri a great number of public edifices, 
but without the (mailed pretenfions to magnificence. The 
king’s palace, if it deferves the appellation, is a very rude 
and uncouth piece of architecture, defigned to refill' the 
force of an enemy, and furrounded for that purpofe by 
Ttrong walls, but without any regular plan, or view to-the 
modern fyftem of military attack. The houfes in com¬ 
mon are built of bamboos and rough timber, and raifed 
fome feet from the ground, on account of the place being 
overflowed in tlie rainy feafon. 
A confiderable fabric of a thick fpecies of cotton-cloth, 
and of (luff for the (liort drawers worn both by Malays 
and Achenefe, is eftabliflied here, and fupplies an exten- 
iive demand. 'i hey weave alfo very handfome (ilk-pieces, 
of a particular form, for that part of the drefs which is 
called by the Malays cayeu far rung. 
The 
