io6 ADA 
fall, Adam denied'himfelf the connubial joys by way of 
penance ; others, that he cohabited with another woman, 
whofe name was Lilith. The Mahometans tell us, that 
our firft parents having been thrown headlong from the 
celeftial paradife, Adam fell upon the ifie of Serendib, or 
Ceylon, in the Eafl Indies; and Eve on lodda, a port of the 
Red Sea, not far from Mecca. After a reparation of upwards 
of two hundred years, they met in Ceylon, where they 
multiplied : according to fome Eve had twenty, according 
to others only eight, deliveries ; bringing forth at each time 
twins, a male and a female, who afterwards married. 
The rabbins imagine that eve brought forth Cain and 
Abel at a birth ; that Adam wept for Abel an hundred 
years in the valley of tears near Hebron, during which 
time he did not cohabit with his wife ; and that this repa¬ 
ration would probably have continued longer, had it not 
been forbidden by the angel Gabriel. The inhabitants of 
Ceylon affirm, that the fait lake on the mountain of Co- 
lembo conlifts wholly of the tears which Eve for one hun¬ 
dred years together fhed becaufe of Abel’s death. 
Some of the Arabians tell us, that Adam was buried 
near Mecca on Mount Abukobeis; others, that Noah, 
having laid his body in the ark, caufed it to be carried af¬ 
ter the deluge to Jerufalem by Melchifedek the fon of 
Shern : of this opinion are the eaftern Chriftians; but 
the Perfians affirm that he was interred in the lfle of Se¬ 
rendib, where his corpfe was guarded by lions at the time 
the giants warred upon one another.—St. Jerome imagined 
that Adam was buried at Hebron ; others, on Mount 
Calvary. Some are of opinion that he died on the very 
fpot where Jerufalem was afterwards built; and was bu¬ 
ried on the place where Chriff fuffered, that fo his bones 
might be fprinkled with the Saviour’s blood ! 1 ! 
Adam (Melchior) lived in the 17th century. He was 
born in the territory of Grotkaw in Silefia, and educated 
in the college of Brieg, where the dukes of that name, 
to the utmoff of their power, encouraged learning and the 
reformed religion as profeffed by Calvin. Here he be¬ 
came a firm proteffant; and wasenabled to purfue his ftu- 
dies by the liberality of a perfon of quality, who had left 
feveral exhibitions for young ftudents. He was appointed 
rector of a college at Heidelberg, where he publifhed his 
Lives of illuftrious Men. He wrote other works befides 
his Lives, and died in 1622. 
Adam’s Apple, f in botany, a name given to a fpe- 
cies of Critus. 
Adam’s Needle, f. in botany. See Yucca. 
Adam’s Peak, a high mountain of the Eafl Indies, in 
the ifland of Ceylon, on the top of which they believe the 
firft man was created. 
Adam, or Adom, a town in the Peraea, or on the other 
fide the Jordan, over again!! Jericho, where the Jordan 
began to be dried up on the pallage of the Ifraelites. 
ADAMA, or Admah, one of the towns that were in¬ 
volved in the deftrudtion of Sodom. 
ADAMANT, f [ adamas , Lat. from a and ■Saliva, Gr. 
that is infuperable, infrangible.'] A done, imagined by 
writers, of impenetrable hardnefs. The diamond. Ada¬ 
mant is alfo taken for the loadftone. 
ADAMANTEAN, adj. Hard as adamant. 
ADAMANTINE, adj. [ adamantinus , Lat.] Made of 
adamant.-—Having the qualities of adamant; as hardnefs, 
indiflblubility: 
Him the Almighty Power 
Hurl’d headlong flaming from th’ ethereal fky, 
With hideous ruin and combuftion, down 
To bottomlefs perdition, there to dwell 
In adamantine chains and penal fire. Milton. 
ADAMIC EARTH, a name given to common red 
clay, alluding to that fpecies of earth of which the firft 
man is fuppofed to have been made. 
ADAM I POMUM, in anatomy, a protuberance in the 
fore-part of the throat, formed by the os hyoides. It is 
thought to be fo called upon a ftrange conceit, that apiece 
ADA 
of the forbidden apple, which Adam ate, fluck by the 
way and occalioned it. 
ADAMITES, in ecclefiaftical hiftory, the name of a 
fe£t of ancient heretics, fuppofed to have been a branch 
of the Bafilidians and Carpocratians. 
Epiphanius tells us, that they were called Adamites 
from their pretending to be re-eftablifhed in the ftate of 
innocence, and to be fuchas Adam was at the moment of 
his creation, whence they ought to imitate him in his na- 
kednefs. They detefted marriage ; maintaining, that the 
conjugal union would never have taken place upon earth 
had fin been unknow n. 
ADAMUS, the philofopher’s (lone, fo called by alche- 
mifts, who fay that it is an animal ; and that it has carried 
its invilible Eve in its body from the moment they were 
firft united by the Creator. It is alfo called Aquila, Phi- 
lofphorum Lapis, Bafalifcus, BenediElus, Boritis, Gryphus ; by 
way of eminence, Antidotus. This ftone, the greateft ob¬ 
ject of alchemy, is a long-fought-for preparation, which, 
when found, is to tranfmute, or exalt, impurer metals, as 
tin, lead, and copper, into gold, and filver. Authors 
who have written on this ftone, call fulphur the maritus t 
or hufband ; and mercury, the uxor, or wife. 
ADAMSHIDE, a diftridt of the circle of Raftenburg, 
belonging to the king of Pruflia, which, with Dombrof- 
ken, was bought, in 1737, for 4.2,000 dollars. 
ADAMSON (Patrick), a Scottifh prelate, archbifhop 
of St. Andrew’s. He was born in the year 1543 in the 
town of Perth, and afterwards ftudied philofophy, and 
took his degree of mafter of arts, at the univerfity of St. 
Andrew’s. In the year 1 566, he fet out for France, as 
tutor to a young gentleman. He relided at Bourges dur¬ 
ing the mairacre at Paris; and the fame perfecuting fpi- 
rit prevailing among the catholics at Bourges as at the 
metropolis, he lived concealed for feven months in apub- 
lic-houfe, the mafter of which, upwards of feventy years 
of age, was thrown from the top thereof, and had his 
brains daflied out, for his charity to heretics. Whilft 
Mr. Adamfon lay thus in his fepulchre, as he called it, he 
wrote his Latin poetical verlion of the Book of Job, and 
his Tragedy of Herod. In the year 1573, he returned to 
Scotland; and became minifter of Pailley. In the year 
1575, he was appointed one of the commiffioners, by the 
general aflembly, to fettle the jurifdidfion and policy of 
the church ; and the following year he was named, with 
Mr. David Lindfay, to report their proceedings to the 
earl of Mortoun, then regent. About this time the eai ‘1 
made him one of his chaplains ; and, on the death of bi- 
!hop Douglas, promoted him to the archiepifcopal fee of 
St. Andrew’s, a dignity which brought upon him great 
trouble and uneafinefs : for now the clamour of the Prefby- 
terian party rofe very high againft him, and many incon- 
fiftent ftories were propagated concerning him. Soon af¬ 
ter his promotion, he publifhed his Catechifm in Latin 
verle, a work highly approved even by his enemies ; but, 
neverthelefs, they ftill continued to perfecute him with 
great violence. In the year 1382, being attacked with a 
grievous difeafe, in which the phyficians could give him 
no.relief, he happened to take a fimple medicine from an 
old woman, which did him fervice. The woman, whofe 
name was Alifon Pearfon, was thereupon charged with 
witchcraft, and committed to prifon, but efcaped out of 
her confinement; however, about four years afterwards, 
fhe was again found, and burnt for a witch. A provincial 
fynod being held at St. Andrew’s in April 1586, the 
archbiftiop was here accufed and excommunicated : he 
appealed to the king and the ftates, but this availed him 
little ; for, the mob being excited againft him, he durft 
fcarcely appear in public. At the next general aifembly, a 
paper being produced, containing the archbifhop’s fubmif- 
fion, he was abfolved from the excommunication. In 
1588, frefti accufations were brought againft him. The 
year following, he publifhed the Lamentations of the Pro¬ 
phet Jeremiah in Latin verfe ; which he dedicated to the 
king, complaining of his hard ufage. The king, howe- 
v ver, 
