mS ADM 
both which are indeed in the firft degree, but w ith us the 
children are allowed the preference. Then follow bro¬ 
thers, grandfathers, uncles or nephews (and the females 
of each clafs refpeftively), and laftly, coufins. 2 Blackjl. 
5 ° 4 - 
The half blood is admitted to the adminiftration equally 
w ith the whole, blood ; but not fo in the defcent of lands, for 
in that cafe the half blood can never inherit. 
If none of the kindred w iH adminifter, the ordinary may 
grant adminiftration to a creditor, or he -may grant letters 
ad colligendum bona defunEli, and thereby take the goods of 
the deceafed into his own hands, and therewith pay the 
debts of the deceafed ; in which refpeft the ordinary be¬ 
comes liable in law as other adminiftrators. 
If a bajlard, or any other, who has no kindred, dies in¬ 
teftate ; the gfcods belong to the king, and adminiftration 
fhali be committed to the king’s grantee. 
There are alfo feveral other kinds of adminiftration, 
which do not ftridtly follow the rule of the next of kin. 
As, adminiftration durante minori estate-, which is, where 
an infant is made executor (for fo he may be, how young 
foever): in which cafe, adminiftration with the will an¬ 
nexed is granted to another, until the executor fhali attain 
the age of feventeen years ; at which age of the executor 
the adminiftration durante minori estate ceafeth. 
So alfo, adminiftration durante abfentia , during abfence 
out of the kingdom: which is, where the next of kindred 
is beyond fea, in which cafe adminiftration is grantable, 
left the goods perilh or the debts be loft: and this ftands 
upon the fame reafon as an adminiftration during the mino¬ 
rity of an executor; namely, that there ftiould be one to 
manage the eftate of the teftator, till the perfon appointed 
by him is able. 
Adminiftration pendente lite, pending a fuit, is, where a 
fuit is commenced in the ecclefiaftical court concerning the 
validity of a will; in which cafe the ordinary grants ad¬ 
miniftration until the fuit (hall be determined: otherwife 
there would be no perfon to take care of the eftate of the 
deceafed. 
Alfo, if the teftator makes his will, without naming any 
executor, or if he names a perfon incapable, or if the exe¬ 
cutor named refufes to a£t; in all thefe cafes, the ordinary 
muft grant adminiftration with the will annexed. 
The duty of an adminiftrator is, to make an inventory, 
and to pay the debts of the deceafed: and, if there be a 
deficiency of aftets, the general order of preference or pri¬ 
ority in payment is, firft, debts of record, as judgments, 
ftatutes, and recognizances; next, fpecialties, as bonds or 
other writings under feal; and laftly, debts on fimple con¬ 
tract, as notes unfealed, and verbal promifes. 
If there is a furplus, the adminiftrator muft diftribute it 
amongft the kindred of the deceafed, according to the fta¬ 
tutes of diftribution, and in fome particular places accord¬ 
ing to the local cuftoms. The general rules upon the fta¬ 
tutes of diftribution are, that one third (hall go to the wi¬ 
dow of the inteftate, and the refidue in equal proportions 
to his children, or, if dead, to their reprefentatives, that 
is, their lineal defcendants: if there are no chilijren or le¬ 
gal reprefentatives, then a moiety (hall go to the widow, 
and a moiety to the next of kindred in equal degree and 
their reprefentatives: if no widow, the whole (hall go to 
the children: if neither widow nor child, the whole (hall 
be diftributed amongft the next of kindred in equal degree 
and their reprefentatives; but no reprefentatives are ad¬ 
mitted among collaterals, farther than the children of the 
inteftate’s brothers and lifters. The father fucceeds to the 
whole perfonal effects of his children, if they die inteftate 
and without iflflie ; but, if the father be dead, and the 
mother furvives, (he (hall only come in fora (hare equally 
with each of the remaining children. 
If an adminiftrator die, his executor or adminiftrator 
doth not reprefent the firft inteftate, but a new adminiftra¬ 
tion (hall be granted de bonis non, that is, of the goods of 
the deceafed not adminiftered by the former executor or 
adminiftrator. And this adminiftrator de bonis non is the 
ADM 
only legal reprefentative of the deceafed in matters of 1 
perfonal property. 
Administration, is alfo the name given by the Spa¬ 
niards in Peru to the ftaple magazine, orwarehoufe, efta- 
blifhed at Callao, a fmall town on the South Sea, which is 
the port of Lima, the capital of that part of South Ame¬ 
rica, and particularly of Peru. The foreign fhips, which 
have leave to trade along that coaft, are obliged to unload 
here, paying 13 per cent, of the price they fell for, if the 
cargo be entire, and even 16 per cent, if otherwife. 
ADMINISTRATIVE, adj. That which adminifters; 
that by which any one adminifters. 
ADMINISTRATOR, J. [adminijlrator, Lat.] He that 
has the goods of a man dying inteftate. He that officiates 
in divine rites. He that conducts the government. 
Administrator, in law, he to whom the ordinary 
Commits the adminiftration of the goods of a perfon de¬ 
ceafed, in default of an executor. An action lies for, or 
againft, an adminiftrator, as for, or againft, an executor; 
and he fhali be accountable to the value of the goods of 
the deceafed, and no farther: unlefs there be wafte, or 
other abufe chargeable on him. If the adminiftrator die, 
his executors are not adminiftrators; but the court is to 
grant a new adminiftration! If a ftranger, who is neither 
adminiftrator nor executor, takes the goods of the decea- 
ied, and adminifters, he (hall be charged and fued as an 
executor, not as an adminiftrator. The origin of aaminil- 
trators is derived from the civil law. Their eftablilhment 
in England is owing to a ftatute made in the 31ft year of 
Edw. III. Till then, no office of this kind was known 
befide that of executor; in cafe of a want of which, the 
ordinary had the difpofal of goods,of perfons inteftate, &c. 
Administrator is fometimes ufed for the president 
of a province; for a perfon appointed to receive, manage', 
and diftribute, the revenues of an hofpital or religious 
houfe; for a prince who enjoys the revenues of a 1'ecula- 
rized bifhopric ; and for the regent of a kingdom during 
a minority of the prince, or a vacancy of the throne. 
ADMINISTRATRIX,_/! [Lat.] She who adminifters 
in confequence of a will. 
ADMINISTRATORSHIP,/. The office of adminif¬ 
trator. 
ADMIRABILIS SAL,/ The fame with Glauber’s 
Salt. 
ADMIRAB 1 LITY,/. \_admir abilis, Lat.] The quality 
or (late of being admirable. 
ADMIRABLE, ad), [admirabilis , Lat.] To be admi¬ 
red; worthy of admiration; of power to excite wonder: 
always taken in a good fenfe, and applied either to perfons 
or things.—The more power he hath to hurt, the more 
admirable is his praiie, that he will not hurt. Sidney. 
AMIRABLENESS,/ The quality of being admira¬ 
ble ; the power of raifing wonder. 
ADMIRABLY, adv. So as to raife wonder; in an ad¬ 
mirable manner 
ADMIRAL,/ [ amiral, Fr.] An officer or magiftrate 
that lias the government of the king’s navy, and the hear¬ 
ing and determining all eaufes, as well civil as criminal, 
belonging to the fea. The chief commander of a fleet; 
alfo the (hip which carries the admiral or commander cf‘ 
the fleet. 
Authors are much divided with regard to the origin and 
denomination of this important officer, whom we find ef- 
tablilhed in mod kingdoms that border on the fea. Ac¬ 
cording to Lord Coke, it comes from the Saxon aen mere 
al , (over all the fea,) the prcsfeElus maris. But the mod 
probable opinion is that of Sir Henry Spelman, w ho thinks, 
that both the name and dignity were derived from the Sa¬ 
racens, and, by reafon of the holy wars, brought amongft 
11s; for admired, in the Arabian language, figniftes a prince 
or chief ruler, and was the ordinary title of. the govern¬ 
ors of cities, provinces, &c. and therefore they called the 
commander of the navy by that name, as a name of dig¬ 
nity and honour. And indeed there are no inftances of 
admirals in this part of Europe before the year 1284, when 
l Philip 
