128 A D V 
adventitious flrength from cuftom, bcfidcs their material 
Cau'fe from the humours. Bacon. 
ADVENTIVE,/ [from advenio, I,at.] The thing or 
perfon that comes trom without: a word not now in ufe. 
ADVENTUAL, adj. [from Advent .] Relating to the 
feafon of Advent. 
AD VENTREM INSPICIENDUM,/ in law, a writ 
by which a woman is to be fearched whether the be with 
child by a former hufband, on her withholding of lands 
from the next, failing ifl'ue of her own body. 
ADVENTURE, f. [Fr.] An accident; a chance; a 
hazard; an event of which we have no direction.—The 
general fummoned three caftles; one defperate of fuccour, 
and not defirous to difpute the defence, prelently yielded; 
but two flood upon their adventure. Hayward. —In this fenfe 
is ufed the phrafe, at all adventures, [d P adventure, Fr.] 
By chance; without any rational fcheme.—Where the mind 
does not perceive probable connection, there men’s opi¬ 
nions are the effeCts of chance and hazard, of a mind float¬ 
ing at all adventures, w ithout choice and without direction. 
Locke. —The occaiion of cafual events; an enterprife in 
which fomething muft be left to hazard. This noun, with 
all its derivatives, is frequently written without ad-, as, 
venture, venturous. 
To Adventure, v. n. [ adventurer, Fr.] To try the 
chance ; to dare.—The tender and delicate woman among 
you, which would not adventure to fet the foie of her foot 
upon the ground, for delicatenefs and tendernefs. Deuter. 
xxviii. iG. 
To Adventure, v. a. To put into the power of chance. 
•—For my father fought Tor you, and adventured his life 
for, and delivered you out of the hand of Midian. Judges, 
ix. 17.—It is often ufed with the reciprocal pronoun; as, 
he adventured himfelf. 
Bill of Adventure, f. among merchants, a writing 
flgned by a merchant, teflifying the goods mentioned in it 
to be flipped on-board a certain vefl'el belonging to ano¬ 
ther perfon, who is to run all hazards; the merchant on¬ 
ly obliging himfelf to account to him for*the produce. 
Adventure-ba v, in Van Diemen’s land. There is a 
beautiful handy beach, about two miles long, at the bot¬ 
tom of Adventure-bay, formed to all appearance by the 
particles which the fea waflies from a fine white fand-ftone. 
This beach is very well adapted for hauling a feine. Be¬ 
hind it is a plain, with a brackifli lake, out of which are 
caught, by angling, home bream and trout. The parts 
adjoining the bay are moftly hilly, and are an entire foreft 
of tall trees, rendered almofi impaflable by brakes of fern, 
fhrubs, &c. The foil on the flat land, and on the lower 
part of the hills, is fandy, or conflfts of a yellowilh earth, 
and in fome parts of a reddifh clay; but further up the 
hills, it is of a grey tough caft. This country, upon the 
whole, bears many marks of being very dry, and the heat 
appears to be great. No mineral bodies, nor ftones of any 
other kind than the white fand-ftone, were obfervea by the 
late navigators; nor could they find any vegetables that 
afforded fubflftence for man. The foreft-trees are all of 
one kind, and generally quite ftraight: they bear elufters 
of fmall white flowers. The principal plants obferved, 
are wood-forrel, milk-wort, cud-weed, bell-flower, gla¬ 
diolus, famphire, and feveral kinds of fern: the only 
quadruped, a fpecies of opofTum, about twice the fize of 
a large rat. The kanguroo, found further northward in 
New Holland, may alfo be fuppofed to inhabit here, as 
fome of the inhabitants had pieces of the Ikin of that ani¬ 
mal. The principal forts of birds in the woods are brown 
hawks or eagles, crows, large pigeons, yellowilh paroquets, 
and a fpecies which they call motacilla cyanea, from the 
beautiful azure colour of its head and neck. On the fhore 
were lean feveral gulls, black oyfler-catchers, or lea-pies, 
and plovers of a (tone-colour. 
The inhabitants feerri mild and cheerful, with little of 
that wild appearance that favages in general have. They 
are almoft totally devoid of perfonal activity or genius, 
and are nearly upon a par with the wretched natives of 
A D V 
Terra del Fuego. They difplay, however, fome contri¬ 
vance in their method of cutting their arms and bodies in 
lines of different directions, raifed above the furface of 
the fkin. Their indifference for prefents, their general 
inattention, and want of curiolity, were very remarkable, 
and teftified r.o acutenefs of underftanding. Their com¬ 
plexion is a dull black, which they fometimes heighten by 
fmutting their bodies, as was fuppofed, from their leaving 
a mark behind on any clean fubftance. Their hair is per¬ 
fectly woolly, and is clotted with greafe and red ochre, 
like that of the Hottentots. Their nofes are broad and 
full, and the lower part of their face projects confidera- 
bly. Their eyes are of a moderate fize, and though they 
are not very quick or piercing, they give the countenance 
a frank, cheerful, and pleafing, caft. They are, upon the 
whole, well proportioned, though their belly is rather 
protuberant. 
AD VENTURER, f. \_adventurier, Fr.] He that feeks 
occafionsof hazard; lie that puts himfelf in the hands of 
chance. 
ADVENTURERS,/! is particularly ufed for an ancient 
company of merchants and traders, ereCted for the difeo- 
veryof lands, territories, trades, &c. unknown. The fo- 
cietv of adventurers had its rife in Burgundy, and itsfirll 
effablifliment from John duke of Brabant, in 1248, being 
known by the name of “The Brotherhood of St. Tho- 
mas-a-Becket.” It was afterwards tranflated into Eng¬ 
land, and fucceflively confirmed by feveral of our kings* 
under the appellation of “ Merchant Adventurers.” 
ADVENTUROUS, adj. \_advcntureux, Fr.] He that is 
inclined to adventures; and, confequently bold, daring, 
courageous. Applied to things, that which is full of ha¬ 
zard; which requires courage; dangerous. 
ADVENTUROUSLY, adv. After an adventurous 
manner; boldly; daringly. 
ADVFiNTURESOME, adj. The fame with Adven¬ 
turous. A low word fcarcely ufed in writing. 
ADVENTURESOMENESS,/. The quality of being 
adventurefome. 
ADVERB,/. [ adverbium , Lat.] A word joined to a 
verb or adjective, and folely applied to the ufe of quali¬ 
fying and reftraining the latitude of their lignification, by 
the intimation of fome circumflance thereof; as, of qua¬ 
lity, manner, degree. Thus we fay, he runs fwiftly, the 
bird flies aloft-, he lives virtuoufly, &c. 
ADVF 2 RBIAL, adj. [adverbialis, Lat.] Thatwhich has 
the quality or ftruCture of an adverb. 
ADVERBIALLY, adv. [adverbialiter, Lat.] Like an 
adverb; in the manner of an adverb. 
ADVFiRSABLE, adj. [from adverfe.~\ Contrary to; 
oppofite to. 
ADVFiRSARI A, f. [Lat. a book, as it Ihould feem, in 
which debtor and creditor were let in oppolition.] A com¬ 
mon-place; a book to note in. 
ADVERSARY,/ [ adverfaire, Fr. adverfarius, Lat.] 
An opponent; antagonift; enemy : generally applied to 
thofe that have verbal or judicial quarrels; as, controvert- 
ifts or litigants: fometimes to an opponent in Angle com¬ 
bat. It may fometimes imply an open profefiion of enmi¬ 
ty; as, we fay, a fecret enemy is w'orfe titan an open ad - 
verfary.. —An adverfary makes a ftricter fearch into ns, and 
diicovers every flaw and imperfection in our tempers. A 
friend exaggerates a man’s virtues ; an enemy inflames his 
crimes. Addifon. 
ADVERSATIVE, adj. \_adverfativus, Lat.] A term of 
grammar, applied to a word which makes fome oppolition 
or variety ; as, in this fentence: This diamond is orient, 
but it is rough. But is an adv erf ad ve conjunction. 
ADVF 1 RSATOR,/ in antiquity, a fervantwho attend¬ 
ed the rich in returning from fupper, to give them notice 
of any obftacles in the way, at which they might be apt to 
Humble. 
ADVERSE, adj. [ adverfus, Lat.] In profe it has now 
the accent on the firft fyllable; in verfe, it is accented on 
the firll by Shakefpeare; on either, indifferently, by Mil- 
3 ton; 
