JE G I 
cleaned and healed, with the tin#. of myrrh' and aloes 
mixed with mel rofae. If the matter had palled alfo un¬ 
der the cilium, a powerful deficcative, fuch as ftrong 
lime-water, a (lifted by a comprefs, fhould be ufed. 
If the periofteum under the tumour is laid bare, an ex¬ 
foliation muff be haftened by a cauftic, and a paflage open¬ 
ed into the nofe, after which dry lint alone may fuftice. 
JE g i lo ps, f. goat’s-face: from its rough- 
nefs.] In botany, a genus of the polygamia inonoecia clafs, 
in the natural order of gramina or grades. The generic 
characters are—Calyx : a large bivalvular glume, fuftain- 
ing three flowers; valves ovate, truncate, (freaked, with 
various awns. Corolla: a bivalvular glume, the outer 
Valve ovate, terminated by a double or triple awn ; the 
inner lanceolate, ereCt, awnlefs, with the edge bent in lon¬ 
gitudinally ; nectary two-leaved, leaflets ovate, flat, tranf- 
parent, very fnaall. Stamina: filaments three, capillary, 
with oblong anthenc. Piftillum : germ turbinate ; ftyles 
two, reflex, with hairy ftigmas. Seeds: oblong, convex 
on one fide, grooved on the other, with the inner valve of 
the corolla adhering to it, and not opening ..—EJfential 
Characler. Calyx, a glume; fubtriflorous, cartilaginous. 
Corolla, a glume, terminating in a threefold awn. Stami¬ 
na, three. Styles, two. Seed, one. 
Species, i. Asgilops ovata: fpike awned, all the calyxes 
with three awns. Scopoli makes no account of the fex in 
this grafs, for the flowers are fome hermaphrodite, others 
male, others without either ftamens or germ: from the 
ftruCture of the flower therefore he makes it a p/ileum. 
According to Gsertner there are (ometimes two male flow¬ 
ers, differing in nothing from the others but in being only 
one-third of their fize; no calyx; the larger valve of the 
'corolla awned, the fmaller not; both calyx and corolla 
permanent, covering the feed, and at length letting it 
drop. 
3. Asgilops caudata: fpike awned, all the calyxes with 
two awns. 
3. Asgilops triuncialis: fpike awned, the lower calyxes 
with two awns. 
4. Asgilops fquarrofa: fpike awl-fhaped, longer than 
the awns. 
The firft of thefe graftes is wild in the fouthern coun¬ 
tries of Europe, and was cultivated in 1683 by Mr. Jas. 
Sutherland. The fecond was found by M. Tournefort 
in Crete. The third grows about Montpelier, Marfeilles, 
Nice, and Smyrna. The laft was found by Tournefort in 
the Levant, and by Cavanilles in Spain. They all feem 
to be annual. 
Asgilops, yi in botany. See Avena, Androfogon, 
Bromus, Quercus. 
AsGIMURUS, an i ft and on the bay of Carthage, about 
thirty miles diftance from that city; now called Galetta. 
This ifland being afterwards funk in the fea, two of its 
rocks remained above water, which were called Arae, and 
mentioned by Virgil, becaufc the Romans and Carthagini¬ 
ans entered into an agreement or league to fettle their 
mutual boundaries at thefe rocks. 
AsGINA, in fabulous hiftory, the daughter of Asfo- 
hus, king of Baeotia, was beloved by Jupiter, who de- 
auched her in the ftmilitude of a lambent flame, and then 
carried her from Epidaurus to a defert ifland called Oe- 
nope, which afterwards obtained her own name. 
Asgina, an ifland on the Saronic Bay, or Bay of Engia, 
twenty miles diftant from the Piraeeus, formerly vying with 
Athens for naval power, and at the fea-fight of Salamin 
difputing the palm of victory with the Athenians. It 
was the country and kingdom of Asacus, who called it 
Asgina from, his mother’s name, it being before called 
Oenopia. The inhabitants were called AsginetEe and 
Asginenfes. The Greeks had a common temple dedica¬ 
ted to Jupiter in Asgina. The Asginetae applied to com¬ 
merce ; and were the firft who coined money, called N ojj.nr- 
fj.ee Ayii<aiov: hence JF.ginenlicum as, formerly in great re¬ 
pute. The inhabitants were called Myrmidones, or a nation 
of ants, from their great application tt> agriculture, 
m G I 
This ifland was furrounded by Attica, the territory of 
Megara, and the Peloponnefus, each diftant about one 
hundred ftadia, or twelve miles and a half. In circumfe¬ 
rence it was reckoned one hundred and eighty ftadia, or 
twenty-two miles and a half. It was wa'ffied on the eaft 
and fouth by the Myrtoan and Cretan feas. 
It is now called Eyina, pr Egina, the g foft and the * 
fliort. The temple above-mentioned is fituated upon the 
fummit of a mountain called Panhellenius, about an hour 
diftant from the fhore. The Asginetans affirmed it was 
erected by Asacus; in vvhofe time Hellas being terribly 
opprefted by drought, the Delphic oracle was confulted; 
and the refponfe was,. “ That Jupiter muft be rendered 
propitious by Asacus.” The cities intreated him to be 
their mediator : he facrificed and prayed to Jupiter Fan- 
hetlenius, and procured rain. 
The temple was of the Doric order, and had fix co¬ 
lumns in front. Twenty-one of the exterior columns are. 
yet (landing, with two in the front of the pronaos and of* 
the pofticum, and five of the number wjtich formed the 
ranges of the cell. The entablature, except the archi¬ 
trave, is fallen. The (lone is of a light brovvni(h colour, 
much eaten in many places, and indicating a very great 
age. Some of the columns have been injured by boringf 
to their centres for the metal. In feveral, the junction of 
the parts is fo exaCt, that each feems to confift of one 
piece. This ruin Mr. Chandler conliders as fcarcely to 
be paralleled in its claim to a remote-antiquity. The iitu- 
ation on a lonely mountain, at a diftance from, the fea, has 
preferved it from total demolition, amid all the changes 
and accidents of numerous centuries. 
The foil of this iftand is, as deferibed by Strabo, very 
ftony, efpecially the bottoms, but in fome places not un¬ 
fertile in grain. Befides corn, it produces olives, grapes, 
and almonds; and abounds in pigeons and partridges. It 
has been related, that the Asginetans annually wage war 
with the feathered race, carefully collecting or breaking 
theireggs, to prevent their multiplying, and in confequence 
a yearly famine. They have no hares, foxes, or wolves. 
The rivers in fummer are all dry- The vaiwode or go¬ 
vernor farms the revenue of the Grand Signror for twelve 
purfes, or 6000 piaftres. About half this fum is repaid 
yearly by the caratch-money, or poll-tax. 
./Egina, the capital of the above iftand. Its fite has 
been long forfaken. Inftead of the temples mentioned by 
Paufanias, there are thirteen lonely churches, all very 
mean..; and two Doric columns fupporfing their archi¬ 
trave. Thefe (land by the fea-fide toward the low cape ; 
and, it has been fuppofed, are a remnant of a temple of 
Venus, which was fituated by the port principally fre¬ 
quented. The theatre, which is recorded as worth fee¬ 
ing, refembled that of the Epidauriaus both in fize and' 
workmanffiip.. It was not far from the private port; the 
ftadiiim, which, like that at Priene, was conftruCted with 
only one (ide, being joined to it behind, and each (true-, 
ture mutually fuftaining and propping the other. The 
walls belonging to the ports and arfenal were of excellent - 
mafonry, and maybe traced toaconfiderableextent, above, 
or nearly even with, the water. At the entrance of the 
mole, on the left, is a (mall chapel of St. Nicholas; and 
oppolite, a fquare tower with fteps before it, detached,, 
from which a bridge was laid acrofs, to be removed on 
any alarm. This ftinCture, which is mean, was erected 
by the Venetians, while at war with the Turks in 1693. 
AiGINETA (Paulus), a celebrated furgeon of the 
ifland of Asgina, from whence he derived his name. Ac¬ 
cording to M. Le Clerc’s calculation, he lived in the fourth- 
century ; but Abulpharagius the Arabian, who is allow¬ 
ed to give the beft account of thofe times, places him withe 
more probability in the feventh. His knowledge in for¬ 
gery was very great, and his works are defervedly famous. 
Fabricius ab Aquapendente has thought fit to tranferibe 
him in a great variety of places. Indeed the doctrine of- 
Paulus Asgineta, together with that of Celfus and Alb'u- 
calis, make up the whole text of this author. He is the- 
