iE G O 
elaftic, g. Seeds: folitary, angular on one fide.— EJential 
CharaEler. Male, an ament. Calyx, common trifid ; par¬ 
tial tubulous. Antherae, four-lobed. Female flowers fo¬ 
litary. Calyx, as in the male; corolla, none; ftyles, three, 
coadunate at the bafe; capfule, tricoccous. 
It is called ^gopricon betulinum, and is a tree very 
much branched. Branchlets alternate, bent different 
ways, leafy, flowering at the ends. Bark fomewhat wrink¬ 
led, except in the younger (hoots. Dalberg noticed it in 
Surinam; and Aublet in Guiana. 
iEGOSPOTAMOS, a river in the Thracian Cherfo- 
nefus, falling with a fouth-eaft courfe into the Hellefpont, 
to the north of Seftos ; alfo a town, ftation, or road, for 
(hips, at its mouth. Here the Athenians, under Conon, 
through the fault of his colleague I foe rates, received a 
(ignal overthrow from the Lacedemonians under Lyfan- 
der, which was followed by the taking of Athens, and 
put an end to the Peloponnefian war. The Athenian fleet, 
having followed the Lacedemonians, anchored in the road, 
over again ft the enemy, who lay before Lampfacus. The 
Hellefpont is not above two thoufand paces broad in that 
place. The two armies, feeing themfelves fo near each 
other, expefted only to reft that day, and were in hopes 
of coming to a battle on the next. 
But Lyfander had another defign in view. He com¬ 
manded the feamen and pilots to go on-board t^teir gal¬ 
leys, as if they were in reality to fight the next morning 
at break of day, to hold themfelves in readinefs, and to 
wait his orders with profound (ilence, He commanded 
the land.army in like manner to draw up in battle upon 
the coaft, and to wait the day without noife. On the 
morrow, as loon as the fun was rifen, the Athenians be¬ 
gan to row towards them with their whole fleet in one 
line, and to bid them defiance. Lyfander, though his 
(hips were ranged in order of battle, with their heads to¬ 
wards the enemy, lay ftill without making any movement. 
In the evening, when the Athenians withdrew, he did not 
fuffer his foldiers to go a-diore, till two or three galleys, 
which he had fent out to obferve them, were returned with 
advice that they had feen the enemy land. The next day 
pafl’ed in the fame manner, as did the third and fourth. 
Such a conduct, which argued referve and apprehenfion, 
extremely augmented the fecurity and boldnefs of the 
Athenians, and infpired them with an extreme contempt 
for an army, which fear, in their fenfc, prevented from 
(liewing themfelves, and attempting any thing. 
The fifth day the Athenians prefented themfelves again, 
and offered battle; retiring in the evening according to 
cuftom with more infulting airs than the days before. Ly¬ 
fander, as ufual, detached fome galleys to obferve them, 
with orders to return with the utmoft diligence when they 
faw the Athenians landed, and to put up a brazen buck¬ 
ler at each (hip's head as (bon as they reached the middle 
of the channel. Himfelf in the mean time ran through 
the whole line in his galley, exhorting the pilots and offi¬ 
cers to hold the feamen and foldiers in readinefs to row 
and fight on the firft (ignal. 
As foon as the bucklers were put up in the (hips heads, 
and the admiral galley had given the fignal by the found 
of trumpet, the whole fleet fet forward in good order. The 
land-army at the fame time made all poffible hafte to the 
top of the promontory to fee the battle. The ftrait that 
feparates the two continents in this place is about fifteen 
ftadia, or three quarters of a league, in breadth; which 
fpace was prefently cleared through the activity and dili¬ 
gence of the rowers. Conon, the Athenian general, was 
the firft who perceived from (here that fleet advance in 
good order to attack him; upon which he immediately 
cried out for the troops to embark. In the height of for- 
row and trouble, fome he called to by their names, fome 
he conjured, and others he forced to go on-board their 
galleys; but all his endeavours and emotions were inef¬ 
fectual, the foldiers being difperfed on all (ides. For they 
were no fooner come on-ftiore, than fome ran to the fut- 
Vol. I. No. 9. 
JE L I 137 
lers, fome to walk in the country, fome to deep in their 
tents, and others had begun to drefs their fuppers. This 
proceeded from the want of vigilance and experience in 
their generals, who, not fufpeCting the lead danger, in¬ 
dulged themfelves in taking their repofe, and gave their 
foldiers the fame liberty. 
The enemy had already fallen on with loud cries and a 
great noife of their oars, when Conon, difengaging him¬ 
felf with nine galleys, of which number was the. fa- 
cred drip called the Paralian, (food away for Cyprus, where 
lie took refuge with Evagoras. The Peloponnefians, fall¬ 
ing upon the reft of the fleet, took immediately the gal¬ 
leys which were empty, and difabled and deftroyed fuch 
as began to fill with men. The foldiers, who ran without 
order or arms to their relief, where either killed in the 
endeavour to get on-board, or flying on-fliore were cut to 
pieces by the enemy, who landed in purfuit of them. 
Lyfander took 3000 prifoners, with all the generals, and 
the whole fleet. After having plundered the camp, and 
fattened the enemy’s galleys to the (terns of his own, he 
returned to Lampfacus amidft the found of flutes and fongs 
of triumph. It was his glory to have atchieved one of 
the greateft military exploits recorded in hiftory with lit¬ 
tle or no lofs, and to have terminated a war in the finall 
fpace of an hour, which had already lafted twenty-feven 
years, and which, perhaps, without him, had been of 
much longer continuance. 
AEGYPTI ACUM,yi in pharmacy, the name of feveral 
detergent ointments; which are deferibed under the arti¬ 
cle Ointment. 
^EGYPTILLA, f in natural hiftory, the name of a 
done deferibed by the ancients, and faid, by fome authors, 
to have the remarkable quality of giving water the co¬ 
lour and tafte of wine. This feems a very imaginary vir¬ 
tue, as are indeed too many of thofe in former ages attri¬ 
buted to (tones. The defcriptions left us of this remark¬ 
able fo Hi 1 tell us, that it was variegated with, or compo- 
led of, veins of black and white, or black and bluifh, with 
fometimes a plate or vein of whitifh red. The authors of 
thefe accounts feem to have underftood by this name the 
feveral (tones of the onyx, fardonyx, and camsea, kind; 
all which we have at prefent common among us, but none 
of which poflefs any fuch ftrange properties, 
ASGYPTUS, in fabulous hiftory, was the fon of Be- 
leus, and brother of Danaus. 
riEINATj^E, /I in antiquity, a denomination given to the 
fenators of Miletus, becaufe they held their deliberations 
on-board a (hip, and never returned to land till matters had 
been agreed on. 
PEL, Eal, or At, [in compound names, as vetv in the 
Greek compounds,] fignifies all, or altogether. So JElwin 
is a complete conqueror-, Albert, all illujlrious ■, Aldred, altoge¬ 
ther reverend', Alfred, altogether peaceful. To thefe Pamma - 
ckius, Pancratius, Pampkilius , &c. do in fome meafure 
anfwer. 
iELF, [which, according to various dialects, is pro¬ 
nounced ulf, welpk , hulph, hi Ip, hefe , a^id, at this day, helpe, ] 
implies affiftance. So ALfwin, is victorious ; and /Elfwold, 
an auxiliary governor ; ALlfgifa, a lender of ajjijlance ; with 
which, Boetius, SymmacAus, Epicurus , &c. bear a plain ana¬ 
logy. 
j^ELIAN (Claudius), born at Prasnefte, in Italy. He 
taught rhetoric at Rome, according to Perizonius, under 
the emperor Alexander Severus. He was furnamed 
MjAjyA&w©-, Honey-mouth, on account of the fweetnefs of 
his ftyle. He was likewife honoured with the title of 
Sopkijt, an appellation in his days given only to men of 
learning and wifdom. He loved retirement, and devoted 
himfelf to ftudy. He greatly admired and ftudied Plato, 
Ariftotle, Ifocrates, Plutarch, Homer, Anacreon, Archi¬ 
lochus, &c. and, though a Roman, gives the preference 
to the writers of the Greek nation. His two mod cele¬ 
brated works are, his Various Hiftory, and Hiftory of Ani¬ 
mals. . He compofed likewife a book on Providence, men- 
N n tioned 
