i 7 6 A ESC 
ing to Diodorus Siculus, Aminias, the younger of the three 
brothers, commanded a fquadron of (nips, and behaved 
with fo much condudt and bravery, that he funk the ad- 
miralof the Perlian fleet, and fignalized himfelf above 
all the Athenians. To this brother our poet was, upon a 
particular occaflon, obliged for faving his life. ^Elian 
relates, that iEfchylus being charged by the Athenians 
with certain blafphemous exprellions in fome of his pieces, 
was accufed of impiety, and condemned to be (toned to 
death : they were juft going to put the fentence in execu¬ 
tion, when, Aminias, with a happy prefence of mind, 
throwing aflde his cloak, (hewed his arm without a hand, 
which he had loft at the fea-fight of Salamis in defence of 
his country. This light made fuch an impreflion on the 
judges, that, touched with the remembrance of his va¬ 
lour, and with the friendfhip he (hewed for his brother, 
they pardoned dEfchylus. He wrote a nreat number of 
tragedies, of which there are but feven remaining: and, 
notwithftanding the (harp cenfures of fome critics, he mult 
be allowed to have been the father of the tragic art. In 
the time of ThefpiSj there was no public theatre to aft 
upon; the ((rollers driving about from place to place in a 
cart. yEfchy 1 us furniflied his adtors with mafles, and 
dreiTed them fuitably to their characters. He likewife in¬ 
troduced the bufkin, to make them appear more like he¬ 
roes. The ancients gave yEfchylus alfo the praife of 
having been the firft who removed murders and (hocking 
fights from the eyes of the fpedlators. M. Le Fevre has 
obferved, that YEfchylus never reprefenfed women in love 
in his tragedies; which, he fays, was not fuited to his ge¬ 
nius; but, in reprefenting a woman tranfported with fury, 
he was incomparable. lie was killed in the fixty-ninth 
year of his age, by an eagle letting fall a tortoife on his 
head as he was walking in the fields. He had the honour 
of a pompous funeral from the Sicilians, who buried him 
near the river Gela; and the tragedians of the country 
performed plays and theatrical exercifes at his tomb. The 
beft edition of his Plays is that of London, 1663, fol. w ith 
a Latin tranflation and a learned commentary by Thomas 
Stanly. 
.fESCHYNOMENE,y! [xio-%v> -ofiai, Gr. on account of 
its retreating from the touch.] In botany, a genus of the 
diadelphia decandria clafs, ranking in the natural order of 
papilionaceae or leguminofse. The generic charadlers are 
—Calyx: perianthium one-leafed, bell-ibaped, fubbila- 
biate ; lips equal, upper bifid, lower three-toothed. Co¬ 
rolla: papilionaceous; banner fubcordate, fcarcely gaping, 
large; wings fubovate, obtufe, (horter than the banner; 
keel lunate, acuminate, the length of the wings. Stami¬ 
na: filaments ten, (ingle and nine-cleft; antherae (mail. 
Piftillum : germ oblong, villous, columnar ; ftyle Tubu¬ 
late, riling; ftigmas Ample, rather obtufe. Pericarpium: 
legume long, fiat, jointed, rough, one-celled, opening at 
the truncate joints. Seeds : folitarv, between the joints, 
kidney-fhaped.— EJJhntiaLCharacter. Calyx bilabiate; le¬ 
gume with truncate one-feeded joints. 
Species. 1. JEfchynomene grandiflora, or great-flow¬ 
ered sfehynomene : ftem aborefeent, flowers very large, 
legumes filiform. This is a fhrub from ten to fifteen feet 
in height. It is a native of the Eaft Indies, and is culti¬ 
vated in gardens in Jamaica. By the French it is called 
Pois du Due de Choifeul. The feeds are agreeable to do- 
mefric birds. 
2. Aifehynomene arborea, or arborefeent aefehynomene: 
ftem arborefeent, fmooth, joints of the legumes femicor- 
date, fmooth. This fpecies grows to the height of fix or 
feven feet, with a Angle ftem; the leaves are fmooth, and 
come out towards the top of the ftalk, forming there a 
fort of head; they are compofed of many pinnas, placed 
alternately on the mid-rib. The flowers come out from 
the wings of the leaves, two or three together, are of a 
copper-colour and large. 
3. ^Efchynomene coccinea, or fcarlet-flowered aefehyno¬ 
mene : ftem aborefeent, leaves pinnate; leaflets numerous, 
linear, obtufe, dufty ; legumes comprelled, equal. This 
JE S C 
Is a fmaller and lower tree than the firft fort; but the headl¬ 
and leaves are more denfe. It is a native of the Eaft In¬ 
dies, and of the iflands Otaheite and Huaheine in the South 
Seas. 
4. dEfchynomene afpera, or rough-ftalked aefehynome¬ 
ne : ftem herbaceous, rugged ; joints of the legumes rug¬ 
ged in the middle. It riles to the height of four or five 
leet, with a (ingle herbaceous ftem. A native'of the Eaft 
Indies. 
5. jdifchyr.oinene Americana, or hairy aefehynomene : 
ftem herbaceous, hifpjd ; joints of the legumes femicor- 
date; leaflets acuminate, bractes ciliate. This fpecies is- 
fomewhat fenfitive; during the night, and at the approach 
ot rain, the leaves fold together. It is a native of Jamai¬ 
ca, on the fouth flue of the ifland, in dry paftures. 
6. fEfciiynomene Indica, or Indian aefehynomene: ftem 
herbaceous, fmooth ; legumes fmooth, fwelling on one 
fide, obtufe ; leaflets obtufe. Is a native of the Eaft In¬ 
dies. 
7. iElchynomene Sefban, or Egyptian aefehynomene: 
ftem herbaceous, fmooth; legumes cylindric, equal; leaf¬ 
lets obtufe. This fpecies was cultivated in 1680, in the. 
Oxford botanic garden ; and flowers in July and Auguftj 
but it is a native of Egypt. 
S. dEfchynomene pumila, or dwarf aefehynomene: ftem 
herbaceous, fmooth; legumes ferrate on one fide, rough 
in the middle; leaflets acuminate. A native of the Eaft 
Indies. 
9. Asfchynomenc fenfitiva : ftem (h rub by, fmooth.; leaf¬ 
lets obtufe; legumes fmooth and even, obtufe; ftipules 
acute deciduous. This fpecies is a native of the Weft 
Indies. 
10. ^Tfchynomene heterophylla: ftem (hrubby, lower 
leaves ternate ovate, upper pinnate roundifli. Native of 
Northern Cochin-China. 
11. yEfchynomene lagenaria: ftem herbaceous, leaflets 
obtufe in feveral pairs, legumes muricate. The (heath of 
the ftamens in this fpecies is cleft towards the keel, and 
not towards the banner, as ufual in papilionaceous flow- 
ers. The ftem, being fpongy and elaftic, is ufed for flop¬ 
ping bottles in a country where there are no corks. Na¬ 
tive of Cochin-China, in marflvy places. 
12. jflsfchynomene cannabina: ftem herbaceous, leaflets 
obtufe acuminate, peduncles folitary, legumes comp re (Ted 
fmooth and even. Native of the Eaft Indies. Treated 
as hemp, it may be ufed for the fame purpofes. 
Propagation and Culture. The firft fort is with difficulty 
preferved through the winter in this country. The feed- 
ling plants ftiould be brought forward on a hot-bed, and 
then plunged into the bark-bed in the ftove, where, if 
they be tenderly treated, they will live through the win¬ 
ter, and flower the fummer following. The fecond, 
third, and feventh, may in like manner be preferved thro’ 
the winter in a warm ftove, and will flower early in the 
following fummer, and their feeds will ripen in the au¬ 
tumn. The other forts ufually flower in July, and their 
feeds ripen in Odtober. As their (talks are fucculept, 
they muft be kept dry in winter, othervvife they are very 
fubjedt to rot. They fiiould be plunged into the tan-bed ; 
for, when put into a dry ftove, the fibres of their roots 
foon grow dry, arid their leaves hang and fade, which 
(hews their want of moifture ; but, when they have water 
given them, it caufes the tender fib res - of their roots to 
perilh, and the plants foon after decay. The fourth, fifth, 
fixth, and eighth, fpecies, are annual, and therefore mud 
be brought forward like the firft, early in the year, other- 
wife they will not perfedt their feeds. All the forts are 
propagated by feeds, winch fiiould be fown on a hot-bed 
early in the fpring; and, when the plants have ftrength 
enough to be removed, they fiiould be put each into a fe- 
parate fmall pot, filled with light earth, and plunged in¬ 
to a frefh hot-bed, to bring them forward ; and, as they 
advance in their growth, they ftiould be ((lifted into larger 
pots, but great care fhould be taken not to over-pot them, 
for, if the pots-be too large, the plants will not thrive. 
/iESCU'L ALIUS* 
