A F F* 
.—The mother was fo affliEled at the lofs of a fine boy, who 
was her only fon, that file died for grief of it. Addijbn. 
AFFLICTEDNESS,/. The (late of affliction, or of 
being afflicted; forrowfulnefs; grief. 
AFFLICTER,/ The per)on that afflicts. 
AFFLICTION,/ jaffliBio, Lat. ] Thecaufeof pain or 
forrovv ; calamity. The (late of forrowfulnefs; mifery: 
oppofed to joy and prof perky. —Some virtues are only feen 
in affliBion, and fome in profperity. Addfon. 
Though affliction is not itfelf a difeafe, it produces 
many, for whatever excites envy,.anger, or hatred, pro¬ 
duces difeafes from tenfe fibres ; as whatever excites fear, 
grief, joy, or delight, begets difeafes from relaxation. 
AFFLICTIVE, adj. That which caufes affliction; 
painful; tormenting: 
Reftlefs Proferpine— 
■—On the fpacious land and liquid main 
Spreads flow difeafe, and darts afflictive pain. Prior. 
AFFLUENCE,/ [affluence, Fr. affluentia, Lat.] The 
aCt of flowing to any place; concourfe. It is almoft al¬ 
ways ufed figuratively.—I fhall not relate the affluence of 
young nobles from hence into Spain, after the voice of 
our prince being there had been noifed. Wotton. —Exube¬ 
rance of riches; ftream of wealth; plenty: 
Let joy or eafe, let affluence or content, 
And the gay confidence of a life well fpent, 
Cairn ev’ry thought, infpirit ev’ry grace. Pope. 
AFFLUENCY,/ The fame with Affluence. 
AFFLUENT, adj. [ affluent , Fr. affluens, Lat.] Flowing 
to any part. Abundant; exuberant; wealthy. 
AFFLUENTNESS,/ The quality of being affluent. 
AFFLUX,/ [ affluxus , Lat.] The aCt of flowing to 
fome place; affluence. That v. hich flows to another place. 
—The caufe hereof cannot be a fupply by procreations; 
ergo, it mult be by new affluxes to London out of the coun¬ 
try. Graunt. 
AFFLUXION,/ [ affluxio , Lat.] The aCt of flowing to 
a particular place. That which flows from one place to 
another. 
AFFORAGE, / in the French cuftoms, was a duty 
paid to the lord of a diftrid, for permiffion to fell wine or 
other liquors within his feignory. Afforage was alfo ufed 
.for the rate or price of provilions laid and fixed by the 
provolt or fheriifs of Paris. . 
7 b AFFORD, v. a. Syffoune.r, affleurrager , Fr.] To 
yield or produce; as, The foil affords grain; The trees 
afford fruits. This feems to be the primitive fignification. 
To grant, to confer any thing; generally in a- good fenfe, 
and lometimes in a bad, but lets properly. To be able to 
fell. It is uled always with reference to fome certain 
price ; as, I can afford this for lets, than the other. To be 
able to bear expences; as, Traders can afford more finery 
in peace than war. 
7 b AFFOREST, v. a. [ afforeffare, Lat.] To turn ground 
into a fereft.—It appeareth, by Cliarta de Forelta, that lie 
afforeffed many woods and wafi.es, to the grievance of the 
1 ’nbject, which by that law were difafforefted. Davies. 
AFFORESTING,/ \_afforcflatio-, Lat.] The turning 
ground into a foreft. The Conqueror, and his fucceflors, 
continued afforelting the lands of the fubject for many 
reigns; till the grievance became fo notorious, that the 
people of all degrees and denominations were brought to 
fue for relief; which was at length obtained, and corn- 
millions were granted to furvey and perambulate the fo- 
refl, and feparate all the ijew-afforefted lands, and re¬ 
convert them to the ul'es of their proprietors, under the 
name and quality of purlieu or pouralle land. 
To AFFRANCHISE, v.a. \_affrancher, Fr.] To make 
free. 
To AFFRAY, v. a. \effrayer, or effriger, Fr, which Me¬ 
nage derives from ffragor; perhaps it comes from frig us. ] 
To fright; to terrify; to ftrike with fear. This word is 
not now in ufe. 
A F F 183 
Affray, or Affrayment,/ A tumultuous afiault 
of one or more perfons upon others. A battle : in this 
fenfe it is written fray. Tumult; confufion. 
In law', an affray is the fighting of two or more perfons 
in fome public place, to the terror of his majefty’s fub- 
jects: for, if the fighting be in private, it is no affray, 
but an afiault. 4 Blackjl. 145. 
Affrays may be fupprefled by any private perfon pre- 
fent, who is jufiifiable in endeavouring to part the comba- 
tants, whatever confequence may enfue. But more efpe- 
cially the conftable, or other like officer, is bound to keep, 
the peace ; and for that purpofe may break open doors to 
fupprefs an affray, or apprehend the affrayers; and may 
carry them either before a juftice, or imprifon them by Ilia 
own authority for a convenient time, till the heat be over. 
It is laid, that no quarrelfome or threatening words 
whatever Ihall amount to an affray; and that no one can 
jufiify laying his hands on thofe who fhall barely quarrel 
with angry words, without coming to blows; yet it feem- 
cth that the confiable may, at the requeft of the party 
threatened, carry the perfon who threatens to beat him 
before a juftice, in order to find fureties. 1 Haw. 135. 
Alfo it is certain, that it is a very high offence to chal¬ 
lenge another, either by word or letter, to fight a duel, or 
to be the mefienger of fuch a challenge; or even barely 
to endeavour to provoke another to fend a challenge or ter 
fight, as by difperfing letters to that purpofe, full of re¬ 
flections, mid infinuating a defire to fight. Id. 
All aifrays in general are punifhable by fine and impri- 
fonment. 1 Haw. 138. 
AFFRICTION,/ \_affriBio, Lat.] The aft of rubbing 
one thing upon another.—I have divers times obferved, in 
wearing filver-hilted fwords, that, if they rubbed upon my 
clothes, if they were of a light-coloured cloth, the ajfric- 
tion would quickly blacken them; and, congruoufiy here¬ 
unto, I have found pens blackened almoft all over, when 
I had awhile carried them about me in a filver cafe. Boyle . 
To AFFRIGHT, v. a. To affect with fear; to terrify- 
It generally implies a fudden impreflion of fear:. 
Thy name affrights me, in. whole found is death. 
Shakefpeare. 
It is ufed in the pafiive, fometimes with at before the thing: 
feared.—Thou fiialt not be affrighted at them: for the 
Lord thy God is among you. Deut. vii. 21.—Sometimes- 
with the particle with before the thing feared: 
As one affright 
With hellifh fiends, or furies mad uproar, 
He then uprofe. Spencer - 
Affright, / Terror; fear- This word is chiefly 
poetical: 
Wide was his parifh, not contracted clofe 
In ftreets, but here and there a draggling houfe; 
Yet ftill he was at hand, without requeft, 
To ferve the fick, to fuccour the diifrefs’d; 
Tempting, on foot, alone, without affright , 
The dangers of a dark tempeftuoiis night. Drydcn. 
The caufe of fear; a terrible objeCt; dreadful appearance r 
The war at hand appears with more affright , 
And riles ev’ry moment to the fight. Dryden. 
AFFRIGHTFUL, adj. Full of affright or terror; ter¬ 
rible; dreadful. 
AFFRIGHTMENT,/ The impreflion of fear; ter¬ 
ror. The date of fearfulnefs,—Paflionate words or blows 
from the tutor, fill the child’s mind with terror and af- 
frigktment ; which immediately takes it wholly up, and 
leaves no room for other impreflion. Locke. 
To AFFRO'NT, v. a. [ affronter , Fr. that is, ad fronton 
fare-, ad fronton contumeliam allidere, to infiiVt a man to his 
face.] To meet face to face; to encounter. This feems 
the genuine and original fenfe of the word, which was 
formerly indifferent to good or ill. To meet, in an hoftile 
manner, front to front. To offer an open infult; to of¬ 
fend 
