1 34 A F O 
fend avowedly. With refpeft to this fenfe, it is obferved 
by Cervantes, that, if a man ftrikes another on the back, 
and then runs away, the perfon fo ftruck is injured, but 
not affronted; an affront always implying a juftification of 
the aft. 
Affront, f. Open oppofition ; encounter: a fenfe not 
frequent, though regularly deducible from the derivation. 
Infult offered to the face; contemptuous or rude treat¬ 
ment; contumely.—There is nothing which we receive 
with fo much reluftance as advice : we look upon the man 
who gives it us, as offering an ojfront to our underftand- 
ing, and treating us like children or ideots. Addifon .— 
Outrage ; aft of contempt, in a more, general fenfe. Dif- 
grace; fhame. , This fenfe is rather peculiar to the Scot- 
tifh dialeft. 
AFFRONTER,y. The perfon that affronts. 
AFFRONTING, part. adj. That which has the quality 
of affronting; contumelious.—Among words which figni- 
fy the fame principal ideas, fome are clean and decent, 
others unclean; fome are kind, others are affronting and 
reproachful, becaufe of the fecondary idea w hich cuftom 
has affixed to them. Watts. 
7 cAFFUSE, v. a. \_ajfundo, cffifum ,.Lat,] To pour one 
thing upon another. — 1 poured acid liquors, to try if they 
contained any volatile fait or fpirit, which would probably 
have difcovered it-felf, by making an ebullition with the 
affufed liquor. Boyle. 
AFFUSION,/i [affufio, Lati] The aft of pouring one 
thing upon another. 
Dr. Grew gives fev-eral experiments of the luftation 
ariling from the affullon of divers menftruums on all forts 
of bodies. Divines and church-hiftorians fpeak of bap- 
tifm by affufion ; which amounts to much the fame with 
what we now call Jprinkling. 
To AFFY, v. a. [affier, Fr. ajfdare mulierem, Brafton.] 
To betroth in order to marriage : 
Wedded be thou to the hags of hell, 
For daring to affy a mighty lord 
Unto the daughter of a worthlefs king. Shakefpeare. 
To Affy, v. n. To put confidence in; to put truft in; 
to confide. Not in ufe. 
AFGH ANS, the general name of a people in Perfia, 
who, under the late Kouli Khan, fubverted the Perfian 
monarchy. 
AFIELD, adv. [from a and field.] To the field: 
Afield I went, amid the morning dew, 
To milk my kine, for fo fhould houfewifes do. Gay. 
AFLAT, adv. [from a and fiat.] Level with the ground. 
—When you would have many new' roots of fruit-trees, 
take a low tree, and bow it, and lay all his branches afi'at 
upon the ground, and caff earth upon them; and every 
twig will take root. Bacon. 
AFLOAT, adv. [from a and font.] Floating; born up 
in the water; not finking: in a figurative fenfe, within 
view; in motion,: 
There is a tide in the affairs of men, 
Which, taken at the flood, leads on to fortune ; 
O mi tied, all rhe voyage of their life 
Is bound in (hallows and in miferies. 
On fuch a full fea are we now ajloat ; 
And we muff take the current when it ferves, 
Or lofe our ventures. Shakefpeare. 
AFOOT, adv. [from a and foot. ] On foot; not on horfe- 
back. Inaftion; as, A defignis afoot. In motion. 
AFORE, prep, [from a im&forc.] Not behind; as, He 
held the fhield afore: not in ufe. Before; nearer in place 
to any thing : as, He flood afore him. Sooner in time.— 
If your diligence be not fpeedy, I Ilia.ll be there afore you. 
Shakefpeare. 
Afore, adv. In time foregone or pad. Firft in the 
way. In front; in the fore-part: 
A F R 
Approaching nigh, he reared high afore 
His body monftrous’, horrible, and vaft. Spencer. 
AFOREGOING, part. adj. [from afore and going, j 
Going before. 
AFOREHAND, adv. [from afore and hand. ] By a pre¬ 
vious provifion. Provided; prepared; previoufly fitted. 
—For it will be faid, that in the former times whereof 
we have fpoken, Spain w'as not fo mighty as now it is; 
and England, on the other tide, was more aforekand in 
all matters of po>ver. Bacon. 
AFOREMENT IONED, adj. [from afore and mention¬ 
ed.] Mentioned before.—Among the nine other parts, 
five are not in a condition to give alms or relief to thofe 
aforementioned ; being very near reduced themfelves to the 
fame miferable condition. Addifon. 
AFORENAMED, adj. [from afore and named. ] Na¬ 
med before.—Imitate fomething of circular form, in 
which: as in all other aforemamed proportions, you ffiall 
help yourfelf by the diameter. Peacham. 
AFORESAID, adj. [from afore and faid ] Said before. 
•—It need not go far repetition, if we refume again that 
which we faid in the aforefaid experiment. Bacon. 
’■ AFORETIME, adv. [from afore and time.] In time 
pad.—O thou that aft waxen old in wickednefs, now thy 
fins which thou haft committed aforetime are come to light. 
Sufanna. 
AY'S. AIT), part. adj. [from the verb affray : it fhould 
therefore properly be written with ff. ] Struck with fear; 
terrified; fearful. It has the particle of before.the ob- 
jeft of fear: 
There, loathing, life, and yet of death afraid, 
In anguiih of her fpirit, thus ffie pray’d. Dryderi. 
AFRESH, adv. [from a and frejh.] Anew; again, af¬ 
ter intermiffion.—When once we have attained ideas, they 
may be excited afrejk by the ufe of words. Watts. 
AFRANIUS, a Latin poet, who wrote comedies in imi¬ 
tation of Menander, commended by Tully and Quintilian- 
He lived in the 170th Olympiad. 
AFRICA, [according to Bochart, from a Punic word, 
fignifying Ears of Corn-,] ope of the four great divifions, 
by the moderns called quarters, of the world, and one of 
the three called by the Greeks Hweipoi, or continents. By 
them it was alfo called Libya. 
Africa lies fouth of Europe, and weft of Afia. It is 
bounded on the north by the Mediterranean, which fe- 
parates it from the former: on the- north-eaft by the Red 
Sea, which divides it from Alia, and to which it is attach¬ 
ed by a neck of land called the Ifthmus of Suez, about 
lixty miles over, feparating the Mediterranean from the 
Red Sea. On the weft, fouth, and ealt, it is bounded by 
the main ocean: fo that it is properly a vaft peninfula, 
bearing fome faint refemblance of a pyramid, the bafe of 
which is the northern part, running along the ffiores of 
the Mediterranean ; and the top of the pyramid, the bafe 
of which is the northern part, running .along the (bores 
of the Mediterranean; and the top of the pyramid is the 
moft foutherly point, called the Gape of Good Hope. Its 
greaveft length from north to fouth is-4300 miles; and its 
greateft breadth from eaft to weft is 3500 miles; reaching 
front lat. 37°N. to 35 0 S. and from lorn 170 0 W. t0 50°E. 
Though a great part of this continent hath been in all 
ages unknown both to Europeans and Afiatics, its litua- 
tion is more favourable than either Europe or A fia for 
maintaining an intercourfe with other nationsi It Hands, 
as it were, in the centre of the three other quarters of 
the globe; and has thereby a much nearer communication 
with Europe, Afia, and America, than any one of thefe 
has with another. For, j. It is oppofite to Europe in the 
Mediterranean, for almoft 1000 miles in a line from eaft 
to weft'; the diftance feldom 100 miles, never 100 leagues, 
and fometimes not above twenty Teagues. 2. It is oppo¬ 
fite to Afia for all the length of the Red Sea, the diftance 
3 fometimea 
