A I X 
named M 1 . Seditius, acquainted the tribunes, that, in walk¬ 
ing the ftreets by night, he had heard a voice over the 
temple of Veda, giving the Romans notice that the'Gauls 
were- coming againd them. This intimation was, howe¬ 
ver, neglected; but, after the truth was confirmed by the 
event, Camillus acknowledged this voice to be a new dei¬ 
ty, and erected an altar to it under the name of the Aius 
Locutius. 
AJUTAGE, f. [ ajutage , Fr.] A kind of tube fitted to 
the mouth of the veflel through which the water of a 
fountain is to be played. To the different form and 
druclure of ajutages isowing to the great variety of foun¬ 
tains. See Fountain and Hydrostatics. 
AIX, a fmall ancient town in the duchy of Savoy, with 
the title of a marquifate. It is fcated on the lake Bourget, 
at the foot of a mountain, between Chamberry, Annecy, 
and Rumilly. Here is a triumphal arch of the ancient 
Romans, but it is almoft entirely ruined- The mineral 
waters bring a great number of ftrangers to this place. 
It was originally called Aqua Gratiana, from the hot baths 
built there by the emperor Gratian. E. long. 7. 10. N. 
lat. 45. 40. 
Aix, an ancient city, the capital of Provence, in France. 
' It has the air of filence and gloom fo commonly charac- 
teriftic of places deftitute of commerce or induftry. It is, 
however, a well-built city; and molt like Paris of any 
place in France, as well for the largenefs of the buildings 
as in refpeil of the politenefs of the inhabitants. It is em- 
bellifhed with abundance of fine fountains, and feveral 
beautiful fquares. The preachers fquare is on the fide 
of a hill; it is about 160 yards in length, and is furround- 
ed with trees, and houfes built with ftone three ftories 
high. The guild-hall is at one end of the city, and isdif- 
tributed into feveral fine apartments. The hotel of the 
city is a handfome building, but hid by the houfes of the 
narrow fireet in which it is placed. The cathedral church 
is a gothic ftrudlure, with tombs of feveral earls of Pro¬ 
vence, and fome good pictures by French mailers. The 
Corfe, or Orbitelle, is a magnificent walk, above 300 
yards long, formed by a triple avenue of elms, and two 
rows of regular and (lately houfes. The church of the 
fathers of the oratory is a handfome building; and not 
far from thence is the chapel of the blue penitents, which 
is full of paintings. The convent of preachers is very 
fine; in their church was a (ilvcr (latue of the Virgin Mary 
almoft as big as the life. There are other churches and 
buildings which contain a great number of rarities. The 
baths without the city have good buildings, raifed at a 
va(l expence, for the accommodation of thofe who drink 
the waters. Although Aix was the firft Roman fettle- 
ment in Gaul, it is not remarkable for ancient remains. 
The warm fprings, from which it is now known and fre¬ 
quented, induced Sextus Calvinus to found a colony here, 
to which he gave the name of Aqua Scxtia. They were 
fuppofed to poflefs particular virtues in cafes of debility; 
and feveral altars have been dug up (acred to Priapus, the 
inferiptions on which indicate their gratitude to that deity 
for his fuppofed fuccour and allillance. E. long. 5. 32. 
N. lat. 43. 32. 
Aix, a fmall ifland on the coaftof France, between the 
i(le of Oleron and the continent. It is twelve miles north- 
weft of Rochfort, and twelve fouth-fouth-well of Ro¬ 
chelle. W. long. 1.4. N. lat. 46. 5. 
Aix-la-chapelle, a fine city of Germany, in the 
circle of Weftphalia and duchy of Juliers,—All authors 
are agreed about its antiquity, it being mentioned in Cae- 
far’s Commentaries and the Annals of Tacitus. The Ro¬ 
mans had colonies and fortrefles there, when they were at 
war with the Germans; but the mineral waters and the 
hot bath fo increafed its fame, that, in procefs of time, it 
was advanced to the privileges of a city, by the name of 
Aquaegranii, that is, the waters of Granins; that: which 
it has now, of Aix-la-Chapelle, was given’ it by the 
French, to diftinguifh it from the other Aix. Itisfocal- 
led, on account of a chapel built in honour of.the Holy 
Vol. I. No. 15. 
AIX 2Zg 
Virgin by Charlemagne; who, having repaired, beautified, 
and enlarged, the city, which was deftroyed by the Huns 
in the reign of Attila in 451, made it the ufual place of his 
refidence. The town is feated in a valley furrounded with 
mountains and woods, and yet the air is very wholefome. 
It may be divided into the inward and outward city. The 
inward is encompafifed with a wall about three quarters of 
a league in circumference, having ten gates; and the out¬ 
ward wall, in which there are eleven gates, is about a 
league and a half in circumference. There are rivulets 
which run through the town and keep it very clean, turn¬ 
ing feveral'mills; beiides twenty public fountains, and 
many private ones. They have (lone-quarries in the 
neighbourhood, which furnifli the inhabitants with pro¬ 
per materials for their magnificent buildings, of which 
the (ladt-houfeand the cathedral are the chief. There are 
likewife thirty parochial or collegiate churches. The 
market-place is very fpacious, and the houfes round it are 
ilately. 
Aix-la-Chapelle is a free imperial city, and changes its 
magiftracy every year on the eve or St. John Baptift. The 
mayor is in the nomination of the eletftor palatine, in the 
quality of the Duke of Juliers, as protedior of the city. 
This place is famous for feveral councils and treaties of 
peace concluded here ; particularly thofe between France 
and Spain in 1668, and between Great Britain and France 
in 1748. 
The hot fulphureous waters for which this place has fo 
long been celebrated, arife from feveral fources, which 
fupply eight baths conftrudted in different parts of the 
town. Thefe waters near the fources are clear and pel¬ 
lucid; and have a ftrong fulphureous fmell refembling the 
waftiings of a foul gun ; but they lofe this fmell by expo- 
fureto the air. Their tafte is faline, bitter, and urinous. 
They do not contain iron. They are alfo neutral near the 
fountain, but afterwards are manifdlly and pretty (Irongly 
alkaline, infomuch that clothes are walked with them with¬ 
out foap.—On the vaults above the fprings and aquedubb 
of thefe waters is found, every year, when they are open¬ 
ed, a quantity of fine white-coloured flowers of fulphur, 
which has been fublimed from the waters. The heat of 
the water of the hotted fpring, by Dr. Lucas’s account, 
raifes the quickfilver of Fahrenheit’s thermometer to 136 
—by Monf. Monet’s account, to 145—and tiie heat of the 
fountain, where they commonly drink, by Dr. Lucas’s ac¬ 
count, to n 2. Thefe w'aters are powerfully diaphore¬ 
tic and diuretic; and, if taken in quantity, prove pur¬ 
gative. Of the three hot European waters of note, viz. 
that of Aix-la-Chapelle, Bourbon, and Bath, the firft 
abounds more eminently with fulphur, whence it is the 
hotted, the mod naufe.ous, and purgative. The Bath 
water is, however, the lead podefied of thefe qualities. 
Thefe waters are efficacious in difeafes proceeding from, 
indigeftion, and from foulnefs of the llomach and bowels. 
In rheumatifms; in the feurvy, fcrophula, and difeafes 
of the (kin; in hyfteric and hypochondrial diforders; in 
nervous complaints and melancholy ; in the (lone and gra¬ 
vel ; in paralytic complaints ; in thofe evils which follow 
an injudicious ufe of mercury ; and in many other cafes. 
They ought not, however, to be given in hedtic cafes 
where there is heat and fever, in putrid diforders, or where 
the blood is diflblved, or the conftitution much broken 
down. The time of drinking, in the firft feafon, is from 
the beginning of May to the middle of June; and, in the 
latter feafon, from the middle of Auguft to the latter end 
of September. 
There are galleries or piazzas under which the compa¬ 
ny walk during the time of drinking, in order to pro¬ 
mote the operation of the waters.—The Poor’s Bath is 
free for every body, and is frequented by crowds of p'oor 
people. It is fcarcely necefl'ary to add, that there are all 
kinds of amufements common to other places of public re¬ 
fort; but the (harpers appear more fplendidly here than 
elfewherc, afluming titles, with an equipage fuitable to 
them.—Aix-la-Chapellc is twenty-one miles from Spa, 
3 N thirty- 
